子午向几何缺陷冷却塔的结构性能分析

钢筋混凝土双曲线冷却塔由于施工误差、混凝土长期徐变或收缩将产生不同程度的几何缺陷.为了解子午向几何缺陷对双曲线冷却塔结构性能的影响,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对产生缺陷前、后2种模型进行各种工况下的计算对比,分析该缺陷对结构动力特性、静力特性及稳定性的影响.计算结果表明,子午向的几何缺陷提高了结构的水平抗侧刚度,提高了一阶振动频率,减小了结构在水平荷载下的变形;在风荷载或自重作用下,缺陷部位均发生应力集中现象.荷载组合后的计算结果表明,环向轴力和子午向弯矩增大,而环向弯矩和子午向轴力变化较小;缺陷对温度作用下结构的性能几乎没有影响.按规范进行的稳定分析表明,缺陷极大地降低了塔筒的局部稳定安全系数.但是特征值屈曲分析表明,在塔筒喉部半径缩小后,在水平荷载作用下的屈曲系数有所提高,而在竖向荷载下的屈曲系数有所降低,双曲线形状的改变对塔筒在不同方向荷载下的屈曲具有不同的影响效果.     

NH_3-(NH_4)_2SO_4体系浸析PCB污泥中铜的研究

利用NH3-(NH4)2SO4体系,对印刷电路板(printed circuit boards,PCB)生产过程中产生大量的含铜污泥中的铜进行浸析。对PCB污泥中重金属的质量分数进行了测定,其中铜在污泥中的质量分数为33.500%,其余金属质量分数较小。重点探讨了氨-硫酸铵浓度及pH、浸析时间、液固比、温度等条件对浸析率的影响。NH3-(NH4)2SO4体系对PCB污泥中铜浸析的最优条件为氨、硫酸铵浓度分别为3.0mol/L和1.5mol/L,液固比为20mL/g,浸析时间为180min,浸析温度为25℃。在最优条件下进行了浸析应用试验,结果表明铜的浸析率可达到97.5%,此方法的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为0.63%。     

阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中的染色性能研究

分析阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中染色的可行性,确立阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中上染腈纶织物的工艺,并探讨入染前织物带液率、反相微乳液含水量对染色性能的影响。实验结果表明:腈纶织物在温度为60℃、pH值为4.5~5的水中进行预处理后,以一定带液率入染反相微乳体系的方法可行;优化的阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中的染色工艺为:染色温度85℃、染色时间20 min、浴比1∶10;研究中还发现入染前织物带液率的高低对织物得色深度有较大影响,随着带液率的增加,染色K/S值先增加后减少;反相微乳体系的含水量对织物的得色深度无明显影响。     

三螺杆挤出机常规螺纹元件挤出过程的CAE研究

利用ANSYS软件分析了三螺杆挤出机常规螺纹元件中等温非牛顿流体的压力场、速度场和粘度场，并和双螺杆挤出机常规螺纹元件进行了比较，尤其对流道中心区进行了重点研究。结果表明，三螺杆挤出机的混合性能好于双螺杆挤出机；中心区的物料压力梯度和速度梯度都较小，物料在中心区流动缓慢，中心区的物料粘度值较大；对反应时间不宜过长的聚合物，应避免使用三螺杆挤出机。     

纳米CaSO_4晶须改性聚氨酯密封胶的制备

通过三种聚醚制成的密封胶进行对比,具体考察了CaSO4晶须对密封胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,在单组分湿固化聚氨酯密封胶中添加纳米CaSO4晶须后,密封胶的剪切强度得到提高,硬度和弹性变化不大。使用CaSO4晶须替代气相二氧化硅,在降低成本的同时,密封胶的触变性仍然很好。     

丁二烯适宜贮存温度的研究

研究了贮存温度、时间、气相氧含量和铁锈含量对丁二烯中过氧化物生成量的影响,考察了丁二烯适宜的贮存温度.结果表明:丁二烯中过氧化物含量随着铁锈含量增加而同倍增加;当气相氧含量增加1倍,丁二烯中过氧化物含量提高21%;在对叔丁基邻苯二酚(TBC)为104 mg/kg、贮存时间为7 d条件下,当贮存温度大于21℃时,丁二烯中过氧化物量增加显著;丁二烯较适宜的贮存温度为18℃.工业装置生产运行表明:在18℃下贮存丁二烯是安全、稳定和节能的.将丁二烯贮存温度从13℃调整到18℃,可使其装置运行费用下降43%.     

High precision frequency measurement based on the characteristic of the fuzzy area

The phase difference change is random in the discrete fuzzy area by considering the limit of device resolution, which the device can not stably capture, and the precision of the measured value only reaches the level of ns, but the phase difference change in the concentrated fuzzy area is step by step, and the device can stably capture the change of ps. By using the fuzzy area conversion technology, a high precision frequency measurement is designed. Through computer control and frequency synthesis,the discrete fuzzy area is converted to the concentrated fuzzy area, the ps stability properties of phase difference change on the border of the concentrated fuzzy area is used, the precision can be improved two or three orders of magnitude, and the high precision measurement in a wide range is achieved.     

Design of hydraulic shift mechanism for AMT vehicles based on the collaborative optimization method

Based on multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO), a new design method is put forward for hydraulic shift mechanism of heavy-duty vehicle automated manual transmission (AMT). Taking a shift cylinder for example, the collaborative optimization (CO) method for the design problem of a cylinder is devided into one system level design optimization problem and three subsystem level design optimization problems. The system level is an economic model and the subsystem level is mechanics, kinetics, and a reliability model. Application of the multidisciplinary design optimization software iSIGHT modeling and solving, optimal solution of the shifting cylinder CO model is obtained. According to the optimal solution, oil cylinders are machined out and installed on the gearbox of an AMT system for the bench cycle shift test. The results show that the output force and action speed of the optimized mechanism can meet requirements very well. In addition, the optimized mechanism has a better performance compared to the structure of the traditional design method, which indicates that the CO method can optimize the design of hydraulic transmission.     

九龙山珍珠冲组砂砾岩储层改造技术研究与实践

四川盆地九龙山珍珠冲组砾岩储层基质孔渗条件差,非均质性强,裂缝及其溶蚀孔洞是重要的储集空间和主要的渗流通道。针对该区储层特征,结合室内评价实验和储层评价结果,对于裂缝发育的储层,采用土酸酸化;对于裂缝欠发育的储层,在酸化工艺无效的情况下开展加砂压裂工艺试验,通过施工管柱、施工参数的优选,成功地实施了对砾岩储层的加砂压裂改造,取得了一定的改造效果。