Thermodynamic Modeling of Pure Co Accounting Two Magnetic States for the Fcc Phase

The thermodynamic functions of the pure Co were assessed using CALPAHD method for the third generation thermodynamic databases. To model the magnetic properties of the cobalt, a two-state magnetic model was accounted for the fcc phase. Calculated results were compared with the experimental information and a good fit to the experimental data was achieved.     

过渡金属磷化物在光催化机理方面的研究进展

近年来,环境治理和清洁能源生产已被视为世界的当务之急。利用可再生太阳能进行光催化反应是解决上述问题的一种有效途径。光催化体系较为复杂,光催化剂和助催化剂是影响光催化效率的两个关键因素。具有独特电子结构的过渡金属磷化物（TMPs）价格低廉、储量丰富,已成为光催化材料研究领域的新热点。本文从光催化效率提高的基本原理（光吸收增强、光生电子和空穴分离效率以及载流子利用率提高等）出发,综述了近十年来TMPs作为助催化剂和光催化剂的最新研究进展。最后,总结了TMPs在快速发展过程中依然存在全解水困难以及结构与光催化活性对应关系不明确等挑战,通过双功能TMPs的设计和理论计算的配合,新型高效光催化材料TMPs会对光催化效率的提高发挥重要作用。     

What Are Quantum States?

We present three strong arguments against the ontic interpretation of quantum states. We then show that the appropriate alternative is not an epistemic interpretation, but viewing quantum states as representing the available knowledge about the potentialities of a quantum system from the perspective a of a particular point in space. Unlike ordinary knowledge, which requires a knower, available knowledge can be assumed to be present regardless of a knower. The relationship between “perspectives on potentialities” and “the potentialities themselves” is clarified.     

Top-down characterization of nucleic acids modified by structural probes using high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry and automated data interpretation

A top-down approach based on sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORI-CID) has been implemented on an electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform mass spectrometer (FTMS) to characterize nucleic acid substrates modified by structural probes. Solvent accessibility reagents, such as dimethyl sulfate (DMS), 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide metho-p-toluenesulfonate (CMCT), and beta-ethoxy-alpha-ketobutyraldehyde (kethoxal, KT) are widely employed to reveal the position of single- vs double-stranded regions and obtain the footprint of bound proteins onto nucleic acids structures. Established methods require end-labeling of the nucleic acid constructs, probe-specific chemistry to produce strand cleavage at the modified nucleotides, and analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine the position of the susceptible sites. However, these labor-intensive procedures can be avoided when mass spectrometry is used to identify the probe-induced modifications from their characteristic mass signatures. In particular, ESI-FTMS can be directly employed to monitor the conditions of probe application to avoid excessive alkylation, which could induce unwanted distortion or defolding of the substrate of interest. The sequence position of the covalent modifications can be subsequently obtained from classic tandem techniques, which allow for the analysis of individual target adducts present in complex reaction mixtures with no need for separation techniques. Selection and activation by SORI-CID has been employed to reveal the position of adducts in nucleic acid substrates in excess of 6 kDa. The stability of the different covalent modifications under SORI-CID conditions was investigated. Multiple stages of isolation and activation were employed in MS(n)() experiments to obtain the desired sequence information whenever the adduct stability was not particularly favorable, and SORI-CID induced the facile loss of the modified base. A new program called MS2Links was developed for the automated reduction and interpretation of fragmentation data obtained from modified nucleic acids. Based on an algorithm that searches for plausible isotopic patterns, the data reduction module is capable of discriminating legitimate signals from noise spikes of comparable intensity. The fragment identification module calculates the monoisotopic mass of ion products expected from a certain sequence and user-defined covalent modifications, which are finally matched with the signals selected by the data reduction program. Considering that MS2Links can generate similar fragment libraries for peptides and their covalent conjugates with other peptides or nucleic acids, this program provides an integrated platform for the structural investigation of protein-nucleic acid complexes based on cross-linking strategies and top-down ESI-FTMS.     

Oxygen Activity Calculations of Molten Steel: Comparison With Measured Results

This study sets out to find some model/s that could calculate the closest oxygen activity of molten steel to the measured oxygen activity in an ASEA‐SKF ladle furnace. Ten steel heats grade SAE 52100 were chosen, the oxygen activities of the molten steel after vacuum degassing process were measured, then by means of two different equations and one computer programs the theoretical oxygen activities were calculated and compared to the measured results. In order to calculate the activities of Al₂O₃ in the top slag four different models and two different constants were applied. Both Wagner and Turkdogan's equations were found to be useful. It was seen that increasing the wt% Al from 0 up to 0.05 in molten steel, increasing CaO/Al₂O₃ ratio in top slag, and reducing equilibrium temperature of slag‐steel could contribute to reduction of oxygen activity of molten steel. The scanning electron microscope observations revealed that the main types of observed non‐metallic inclusions in these samples were spinels and calcium aluminates and by increasing the CaO content of the inclusions their equivalent circle diameters grew.     

Effect of gate length in InAs/AlSb HEMTs biased for low power or high gain

The effect of gate-length variation on DC and RF performance of InAs/AlSb HEMTs, biased for low DC power consumption or high gain, is reported. Simultaneously fabricated devices, with gate lengths between 225 nm and 335 nm, have been compared. DC measurements revealed higher output conductance g_ds and slightly increased impact ionization with reduced gate length. When reducing the gate length from 335 nm to 225 nm, the DC power consumption was reduced by approximately 80% at an f_T of 120 GHz. Furthermore, a 225 nm gate-length HEMT biased for high gain exhibited an extrinsic f_T of 165 GHz and an extrinsic f_max of 115 GHz, at a DC power consumption of 100 mW/mm. When biased for low DC power consumption of 20 mW/mm the same HEMT exhibited an extrinsic f_T and f_max of 120 GHz and 110 GHz, respectively.     

GaN Quantum-Dot Formation by a Temperature Increase in an Ammonia Flow

Semiconductors - The transformation of a two-dimensional GaN layer into three-dimensional islands (2D–3D transition) under increasing temperature in a flow of ammonia is investigated...     

千鹅冲铜钼矿床地球物理特征及找矿模型

大别山北麓千鹅冲铜钼矿是斑岩型矿床,矿体、控矿构造、岩浆岩、赋矿地层以及周围地质体之间存在某种物理性能差异,具有明显的地球物理异常特征。对此,在对矿床地球物理特征分析的基础上,建立了该区域的地球物理找矿模型,以期为正在进行中的大别山地区多金属成矿带的找矿工作提供参考。     

双歧杆菌发酵中国黑米口服液的研制

以中国黑米为主要原料，制作发酵培养基，采用耐氧两歧双歧杆菌进行发酵扩大培养，以双歧杆菌发酵中国黑米口服液。应用该口服液对腹泻、消化不良病人进行治疗观察，疗效明显