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971.
972.
Through comparative studies on the controlled thermally initiated radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of N-oxyls, the effect of the type of the N-oxyls (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO), 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (OH-TEMPO), 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (oxo-TEMPO) and 4-acetamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (acetamido-TEMPO)), as well as the concentration of the N-oxyls (3–20 mmol L–1) are discussed. The radical formation proceeds exclusively through the thermal initiation of styrene, i.e. without using any initiator. It is observed, that the thermal self-initiation of styrene increases the radical yield remarkably with the N-oxyls concentration, independent of the type of the N-oxyl. The concentration-dependent side reactions of substituted N-oxyls are remarkably more pronounced than those of unsubstituted N-oxyl. This leads to the reduction of the overall rate of polymerization (vbr) as compared to TEMPO (vbr = vbr (thermal polymerization)) with respect to the concentration, but independent of the type of substituents. 相似文献
973.
974.
George Chatzipirpiridis Carmela de Marco Eva Pellicer Olgaç Ergeneman Jordi Sort Bradley J. Nelson Salvador Pané 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(9)
975.
Sven Bergmann Matthias Brenner Jennifer Susanne Strehse Tobias Hartwig Bünning Edmund Maser Philipp Grassel David Heuskin David Brandt Marco Berger Simon van der Wulp Mathew Skellhorn Polly Hill Sven Van Haelst Maarten De Rijcke Uwe Wichert 《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2024,49(4):e202300322
Shipwrecks and dumped munition continue to be a major hazard, both in the North Sea but also on a global scale. Research within the EU Interreg project North Sea Wrecks (NSW), in cooperation with the German Aerospace Centre, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures (DLR), is generating new insights into the status of wrecks, the potential leakage of pollutants from remaining munitions loads and the effects of contamination on exposed marine organisms in the North Sea environment. Further, historical documents are generated from archives to describe ship's history and sinking scenario. These historical findings were compared to models and images of the visual inspections of the wrecks. Further, samples of water, sediment and organisms are being analysed for traces of explosives. Combining the results of these different fields of research allows for a better understanding of the environmental risks deriving from these wrecks. This process is shown below by focusing on the wreck of the German light cruiser SMS MAINZ, which sank in 1914. Data were compared to three additional wrecks situated also within the southern German Bight. Available data about the wrecks were preliminary assessed using a wreck risk model. Finally, wrecks were ranked according to their potential environmental risk. 相似文献
976.
In this article we present two contributions to the study of coaxial waveguide structures. First, we present an efficient and accurate technique to evaluate the modes in the coaxial waveguides; second, we analyze junctions involving coaxial and circular waveguides using the multimode equivalent network representation. Numerical and experimental results are presented, showing good agreement. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Microwave Millimeter-Wave CAE 7: 180–194, 1997. 相似文献
977.
Marianela Hazel Álvarez-Hernández Francisco Artés-Hernández Felipe Ávalos-Belmontes Marco Antonio Castillo-Campohermoso Juan Carlos Contreras-Esquivel Janeth Margarita Ventura-Sobrevilla Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2018,11(3):511-525
Fruit and vegetables are much appreciated by consumers due to their nutritional values and health-promoting compounds. However, different factors affect the postharvest life of such products, in where ethylene is a major one, even at low concentrations, besides temperature and relative humidity. Therefore, high attention has been focused on the development of effective tools to remove ethylene from the atmosphere surrounding these products during storage or in transit. Potassium permanganate scrubbers are one of the most used technologies to remove ethylene from horticultural products. To facilitate and improve the oxidation process, potassium permanganate has been supported onto inert solid materials of a small particle size. In this review, we aim to provide an outline of the most common materials used as potassium permanganate supports on postharvest treatment and their respective effects on quality aspects of various fresh produce during postharvest life. Vermiculite, activated alumina, zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon and clays are the most popular materials that have been used as a support of potassium permanganate-based ethylene scrubbers. The literature suggests that potassium permanganate supported onto silica gel or zeolite seems to be a promising tool to maintain fruit and vegetables quality attributes for long-term storage. Although vermiculite and activated alumina are the most commonly used materials to reach this goal, not promising results have been reported. 相似文献
978.
Monica Scordino Francesco Lazzaro Marco A. Borzì Leonardo Sabatino Pasqualino Traulo Giacomo Gagliano 《Food Additives and Contaminants: Part B: Surveillance Communications》2018,11(1):75-81
This paper reports the occurrence of dehydroacetic acid in cheese and cheese coatings collected in Italy during Agricultural Ministry Official control. Dehydroacetic acid is an antimicrobial substance not allowed to be used in EU countries as a food additive, with unknown effects on human health. Dehydroacetic acid was measured by a validated HPLC method according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC criteria in terms of specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. The method was successfully applied to 129 samples of commercial cheese coatings and related treated cheeses collected in Italy during 2017. The overall results demonstrated that about 40% of the investigated cheese coatings contained dehydroacetic acid, ranging from 0.010% to 2.5% w/w, evidencing illicit employment of this substance. Moreover, about 25% of treated cheeses contained dehydroacetic acid, from 5 to 250 mg/Kg, proving transfer of this substance from crust to cheese. 相似文献
979.
980.
Lucrezia Caselli Marco Mendozza Beatrice Muzzi Alessandra Toti Costanza Montis Tommaso Mello Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli Carla Ghelardini Claudio Sangregorio Debora Berti 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(17)
Hybrid materials composed of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and lipid self-assemblies possess considerable applicative potential in the biomedical field, specifically, for drug/nutrient delivery. Recently, we showed that SPIONs-doped lipid cubic liquid crystals undergo a cubic-to-hexagonal phase transition under the action of temperature or of an alternating magnetic field (AMF). This transition triggers the release of drugs embedded in the lipid scaffold or in the water channels. In this contribution, we address this phenomenon in depth, to fully elucidate the structural details and optimize the design of hybrid multifunctional carriers for drug delivery. Combining small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) with a magnetic characterization, we find that, in bulk lipid cubic phases, the cubic-to-hexagonal transition determines the magnetic response of SPIONs. We then extend the investigation from bulk liquid-crystalline phases to colloidal dispersions, i.e., to lipid/SPIONs nanoparticles with cubic internal structure (“magnetocubosomes”). Through Synchrotron SAXS, we monitor the structural response of magnetocubosomes while exposed to an AMF: the magnetic energy, converted into heat by SPIONs, activates the cubic-to-hexagonal transition, and can thus be used as a remote stimulus to spike drug release “on-demand”. In addition, we show that the AMF-induced phase transition in magnetocubosomes steers the realignment of SPIONs into linear string assemblies and connect this effect with the change in their magnetic properties, observed at the bulk level. Finally, we assess the internalization ability and cytotoxicity of magnetocubosomes in vitro on HT29 adenocarcinoma cancer cells, in order to test the applicability of these smart carriers in drug delivery applications. 相似文献