The TRUSPEAK Concept: Combining CMPO and HDEHP for Separating Trivalent Lanthanides from the Transuranic Elements

Combining octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutyl-carbamoylmethyl-phosphine oxide (CMPO) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP) into a single process solvent for separating transuranic elements from liquid high-level waste is explored. Co-extraction of americium and the lanthanide elements from nitric acid solution is possible with a solvent mixture consisting of 0.1 M CMPO plus 1 M HDEHP in n-dodecane. Switching the aqueous-phase chemistry to a citrate-buffered solution of diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) allows for selective stripping of americium, separating it from the lanthanide elements. Potential strategies have been developed for managing molybdenum and zirconium (both of which co-extract with americium and the lanthanides). The work presented here demonstrates the feasibility of combining CMPO and HDEHP into a single extraction solvent for recovering americium from high-level waste and its separation from the lanthanides.     

STEADY STATE AND DYNAMIC MODELLING OF A PACKED BED REACTOR FOR THE PARTIAL OXIDATION OF METHANOL TO FORMALDEHYDE I. MODEL DEVELOPMENT

Several levels of mathematical models involving one and two dimensions as well as single and multiple phases are used to predict the steady state and dynamic behavior of a packed bed reactor for the partial oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde. Parametric sensitivity is examined for several heat and mass transfer parameters, kinetic parameters, and operating conditions. Yield is compared for various models, and significant differences are observed between the one-dimensional and two-dimensional models. The dynamic behavior after step changes in the operating conditions is found to be qualitatively similar for different models.     

Recent Advances in Research on Polyphenols: Effects on Microbiota,Metabolism, and Health

Polyphenols have attracted huge interest among researchers of various disciplines because of their numerous biological activities, such as antioxidative, antiinflammatory, antiapoptotic, cancer chemopreventive, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial properties, and their promising applications in many fields, mainly in the medical, cosmetics, dietary supplement and food industries. In this review, the latest scientific findings in the research on polyphenols interaction with the microbiome and mitochondria, their metabolism and health beneficial effects, their involvement in cognitive diseases and obesity development, as well as some innovations in their analysis, extraction methods, development of cosmetic formulations and functional food are summarized based on the papers presented at the 13th World Congress on Polyphenol Applications. Future implications of polyphenols in disease prevention and their strategic use as prophylactic measures are specifically addressed. Polyphenols may play a key role in our tomorrow´s food and nutrition to prevent many diseases.     

Performance analysis of single carrier and multicarrier DS‐CDMA systems over generalized fading channels

Using a recently developed moment generating function‐based approach for the performance evaluation of digital communications over fading channels, we present a unified approach for the exact performance analysis of binary direct‐sequence code division multiple access (DS‐CDMA) systems operating over generalized frequency‐selective fading channels. The results are applicable to single carrier systems employing RAKE reception as well as to multicarrier DS‐CDMA systems with frequency diversity. Aside from simplifying previous results both analytically and computationally, the proposed approach also gives a solution for many situations which heretofore defied a simple form. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

One year of flight data from the PASP Plus experiment

Results from the first year of operation of the PASP Plus flight experiment are given. The experiment consists of sixteen individual solar cell modules on twelve different panels. Both planar and concentrator technologies are represented as well as sev eral different cell types. The orbit is 363 × 2552 km at an inclination of 70°. There are two main purposes of PASP Plus: to determine the interactions between the space plasma and solar arrays biased to ±500 V and to determine the long-t erm radiation performance of a wide variety of solar cell types. © This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America