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41.
Masaki Yamamoto 《Theory of Computing Systems》2006,39(5):723-742
A test instance generator (an instance generator for short) for MAX2SAT is a procedure that produces, given a number n of
variables, a 2-CNF formula F of n variables (randomly chosen from some reasonably large domain), and simultaneously provides
one of the optimal solutions for F. We propose an outline to design an instance generator using an expanding graph of a certain
type, called here an "exact 1/2-enlarger". We first show a simple algorithm for constructing an exact 1/2-enlarger, thereby
deriving one concrete polynomial-time instance generator GEN. We also show that an exact 1/2-enlarger can be obtained with
high probability
from graphs randomly constructed. From this fact, we propose another type of instance generator RGEN; it produces a 2-CNF
formula with a solution which is optimal for the formula with high probability. However, RGEN produces less structured formulas
and a much larger class of formulas than GEN. In fact, we prove the NP-hardness of MAX2SAT over the set of 2-CNF formulas
produced by RGEN. 相似文献
42.
This paper presents a dynamic motion control technique for human-like articulated figures in a physically based character animation system. This method controls a figure such that the figure tracks input motion specified by a user. When environmental physical input such as an external force or a collision impulse are applied to the figure, this method generates dynamically changing motion in response to the physical input. We have introduced comfort and balance control to compute the angular acceleration of the figure's joints. Our algorithm controls the several parts of a human-like articulated figure separetely through the minimum number of degrees-of-freedom. Using this approach, our algorithm simulates realistic human motions at efficient computational cost. Unlike existing dynamic simulation systems, our method assumes that input motion is already realistic, and is aimed at dynamically changing the input motion in real-time only when unexpected physical input is applied to the figure. As such, our method works efficiently in the framework of current computer games. 相似文献
43.
Kenichi Noguchi Yukihisa Matsuda Manabu Oishi Takaki Masaki Sadao Nakayama Masahiro Mizushina 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1990,73(9):2667-2676
Tensile strength of Y2 O3 -stabilized ZrO2 polycrystals (Y-TZP) was measured by a newly developed tensile testing method with a rectangular bar. The tensile strength of Y-TZP was lower than that of the three-point bend strength, and the shape of the tensile strength distribution was quite different from that of the three-point bend strength distribution. It was difficult to predict the distribution curve of the tensile strength using the data of the three-point bend strength by one-modal Weibull distribution. The distribution of the tensile strength was analyzed by two- or three-model Weibull distribution coupled with an analysis of fracture origins. The distribution curve of the three-point bend strength which was estimated by multimodal Weibull distribution agreed favorably with that of the measured three-point bend strength values. A two-modal Weibull distribution function was formulated approximately from the distributions of the tensile and three-point bend strengths, and the estimated two-modal Weibull distribution function for the four-point bend strength agreed well with the measured four-point bend strength. 相似文献
44.
Agglomeration control of hydroxyapatite nano-crystals grown in phase-separated microenvironments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kimiyasu Sato Yuji Hotta Takaaki Nagaoka Masaki Yasuoka Koji Watari 《Journal of Materials Science》2006,41(17):5424-5428
Materials synthesis processes that require high temperatures consume large quantities of energy that generate an environmental burden. We attempted to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) nano-crystals without firing or melting. “Water in oil” (W/O) emulsions were employed as microreactors for HAp formation. The surfactant-bounded water mediated HAp crystal nucleation, and HAp nano-crystallites were obtained. The obtained particles were aggregates composed of plate-like nano-crystals and monodisperse tiny crystals. Utilization of the W/O emulsions resulted in tunable nucleation frequency and the reactant provision, and yielded HAp nano-crystals with characteristic agglomeration properties. 相似文献
45.
Atsushi Ikeda Tatsuya Suzuki Masao Aida Yasuhiko Fujii Toshiaki Mitsugashira Mitsuo Hara Masaki Ozawa 《Progress in Nuclear Energy》2005,47(1-4):454-461
A novel chromatographic separation technique using a tertiary pyridine type resin has been applied to the partitioning of the trivalent actinides (An) and lanthanides (Ln) and several successful results have been shown. In an alcoholic hydrochloric acid system, the trivalent An were clearly separated from the Ln, while no such group separation was achieved in an alcoholic nitric acid system. On the other hand, the nitric acid system was more effective for the intragroup (i.e. individual) separation of the trivalent An and the Ln than the hydrochloric acid system. On the basis of these results, a novel concept for the partitioning of the trivalent An and Ln using the present separation technique and its flowchart have been proposed with its advantages and disadvantages. 相似文献
46.
Masaki Oono El‐Sayed Atlam Masao Fuketa Kazuhiro Morita Jun‐ichi Aoe 《Software》2003,33(13):1229-1249
A double‐array is a well‐known data structure to implement the trie. However, the space efficiency of the double‐array degrades with the number of key deletions because the double‐array keeps empty elements produced by the key deletion. This paper presents a fast and compact elimination method of empty elements using properties of the trie nodes that have no siblings. The present elimination method is implemented by C language. From simulation results for large sets of keys, the present elimination method is about 30–330 times faster than the conventional elimination method and maintains high space efficiency. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
47.
Pure Fe with coverage of 0.5-2.0 nm was deposited on Si (111) 7×7 surfaces by reactive deposition epitaxy (RDE) in an integrated ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) system. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that the as-deposited epitaxial phase exhibits rod-like and equilateral triangular morphology. The as-deposited phase was identified as c-FeSi2 by electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was found that there exists lattice distortion in epitaxial c-FeSi2 phase. Upon annealing at 1073 K, the metastable c-FeSi2 transforms into equilibrium β-FeSi2 phase, the latter inherits completely the morphology of c-FeSi2 phase. Based on RDE and subsequent annealing, a new fabrication technique to grow rod-like semiconducting β-FeSi2 on a Si substrate has been proposed in the present work. 相似文献
48.
Takayoshi Yokoya Rikiya Yoshida Yuki Utsumi Koji Tsubota Hiroyuki Okazaki Takanori Wakita Yoshikazu Mizuguchi Yoshihiko Takano Takayuki Muro Yukako Kato Hiroshi Kumigashira Masaharu Oshima Hisatomo Harima Yoshihiro Aiura Hitoshi Sato Akihiro Ino Hirofumi Namatame Masaki Taniguchi Masaaki Hirai Yuji Muraoka 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2012,13(5)
We have characterized the electronic structure of FeSe1−xTex for various x values using soft x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (SXPES), high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES) and inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPES). The SXPES valence band spectral shape shows that the 2 eV feature in FeSe, which was ascribed to the lower Hubbard band in previous theoretical studies, becomes less prominent with increasing x. HRPES exhibits systematic x dependence of the structure near the Fermi level (EF): its splitting near EF and filling of the pseudogap in FeSe. IPES shows two features, near EF and approximately 6 eV above EF; the former may be related to the Fe 3d states hybridized with chalcogenide p states, while the latter may consist of plane-wave-like and Se d components. In the incident electron energy dependence of IPES, the density of states near EF for FeSe and FeTe has the Fano lineshape characteristic of resonant behavior. These compounds exhibit different resonance profiles, which may reflect the differences in their electronic structures. By combining the PES and IPES data the on-site Coulomb energy was estimated at 3.5 eV for FeSe. 相似文献
49.
Rishi Raj Luca Pederiva Masaki Narisawa Gian Domenico Soraru 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(3):924-929
Silicon-based polymers evolve into refractory ceramics when heated gradually up to ~1000°C. The conversion is accompanied by the loss of gaseous species, and by a two-fold increase in density. The shrinkage can produce microcracks if the heating rate is too high, or if the specimen is too thick. This communication builds on earlier work whereby the measurement of gas evolution, and its relationship with viscous flow, are related to the onset of fracture in disk-shaped green (polymer) samples. The onset is determined as a function of the thickness of the disks, and of the heating rate. The results are presented in the form of a processing map. The overlay with gas evolution, and strain-rate measurements, suggest that fracture initiates with the release of hydrogen and methane, starting at temperatures near 750°C. 相似文献
50.
Hiroki Uehara Takuya Tamura Masaki Kakiage Takeshi Yamanobe 《Advanced functional materials》2012,22(10):2048-2057
Crystalline homopolymers, including polyethylene (PE), which has the simplest architecture, form a nanometer‐sized combination of crystalline and amorphous components, but their arrangement control, similar to self‐assembled phase‐separation of block‐copolymers, is usually difficult. However, molecular entanglements trapped between crystalline and amorphous components of homopolymers coincide with the segmental linking points on the interfaces of the microphase separation for block copolymers. Nanowrinkled PE membranes are prepared with a network of 30 nm‐thick homogeneous lamellae using a novel entanglement control technique composed of biaxial melt‐drawing and melt‐shrinking procedures, which are limited for highly entangled ultrahigh molecular weight materials. Such a network arrangement of nanowrinkling lamellae spreading on membrane surface and also across the membrane thickness improves the mechanical properties of both tensile strength and tearing strength. Subsequent cold‐drawing causes delamination of the lamellar interfaces, leading to the resultant nanoporous morphology composed of passing‐through channels that are several tens of nanometers in diameter, without any solvent processing. 相似文献