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排序方式: 共有494条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Kiyoshi Mizuuchi Kanryu Inoue Yasuyuki Agari Toru Nagaoka Masami Sugioka Motohiro Tanaka Takashi Takeuchi Jun-ichi Tani Masakazu Kawahara Yukio Makino Mikio Ito 《Composites Part B》2012,43(4):2012-2019
Silicon carbide (SiC)-particle-dispersed-aluminum (Al) matrix composites were fabricated in a unique fabrication method, where the powder mixture of SiC, pure Al and Al–5mass% Si alloy was uniquely designed to form continuous solid–liquid co-existent state during spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. Composites fabricated in such a way can be well consolidated by heating during SPS processing in a temperature range between 798 K and 876 K for a heating duration of 1.56 ks. Microstructures of the composites thus fabricated were examined by scanning electron microscopy and no reaction was detected at the interface between the SiC particle and the Al matrix. The relative packing density of the Al–matrix composite containing SiC was higher than 99% in a volume fraction range of SiC between 40% and 55%. Thermal conductivity of the composite increased with increasing the SiC content in the composite at a SiC fraction range between 40 vol.% and 50 vol.%. The highest thermal conductivity was obtained for Al–50 vol.% SiC composite and reached 252 W/mK. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the composites falls in the upper line of Kerner’s model, indicating strong bonding between the SiC particle and the Al matrix in the composite. 相似文献
92.
Thin films of microcrystalline (CnH2n + 1NH3)2PbBr4 (n = 4, 5, 7 and 12) have been prepared by a modified spin-coating method, and the effect of the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl chain length (n) on optical properties has been investigated. Absorption spectra reveal that (CnH2n + 1NH3)2PbBr4 films show stable excitons with a binding energy of a few hundred meV. The excitonic structure of (CnH2n + 1NH3)2PbBr4 varies with the number of carbon atoms. The lowest-energy exciton splits into a few fine-structure levels at low temperature. (CnH2n + 1NH3)2PbBr4 films (n = 5, 7 and 12) show not only singlet excitons but also triplet excitons at low temperature, while (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 films show only singlet excitons. The intersystem crossing from excited singlet state to triplet state plays an important role in the relaxation process of excitons. 相似文献
93.
Hiroshi Abe Yusuke Imai Takefumi Goto Yukihiro Yoshimura Masami Aono Takahiro Takekiyo Hitoshi Matsumoto Takashi Arai 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2010,41(5):1137-1143
Crystal structures of room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL)-H2O mixtures are determined by the X-ray diffraction method. The RTIL is N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N-2-methoxyethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate, [DEME][BF4]. At 0.9 mol pct H2O, two kinds of superstructures occur simultaneously without a strain. Also, the volume of the unit cell is very small only
at 0.9 mol pct additives. This relates to the composite domain structure, including a twin-related one, as an elastic anomaly.
At other water concentrations, such an extraordinary behavior is not observable. By assuming a sublattice having an equivalent
lattice constant, a water network at 1 mol pct H2O is simulated using a Monte Carlo (MC) method. The network develops over the medium range in the simulation box. 相似文献
94.
Masami Tsubota Satoshi Hino Hironobu Fujii Chie Oomatsu Masashi Yamana Takayuki Ichikawa Yoshitsugu Kojima 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2010
The possibility of using ammonia as a hydrogen carrier is examined for the reaction between magnesium ammine complex MgCl2(NH3)6 and lithium hydride LiH. Sample was milled at low temperature of −40 °C to avoid decomposition of MgCl2(NH3)6 during the milling. The effects of milling time, milling speed (revolutions per minute), and catalysts on hydrogen storage properties were investigated by thermogravimetry, thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction experiments. Experimental results indicated that a milled composite of Mg(NH3)6Cl2 and catalyzed-LiH desorbed the ∼100% H2 gas even at 125 °C in a closed system. The reverse reaction also proceeded by separately cooling MgCl2 at lower temperature than 100 °C and heating LiNH2 at 300 °C in the closed system. 相似文献
95.
Toshiaki Sakurai Ryogo Kubo Masami Watanabe Hiromi Ogi 《IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering》2008,3(1):1-4
The concept of ‘recycling’ was adopted to solve the overuse of resources by mass production and mass consumption of products in the 20th century. In the latter half of the 20th century, all companies started recycling activities slowly but positively, and some of them established their own recycling plants. This article introduces the processes through which used home appliances are made into materials (for reuse), and the machines, facilities, and methods for such reuse, as well as the results of their actual application by the study of a recycling plant. It is expected that this article would motivate the readers for recycling and to consider and feel what we, consumers, should do. Copyright © 2007 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
96.
Yoshio Nosaka Masami Matsushita Junichi Nishino Atsuko Nosaka 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2013,14(2):143-148
In order to utilize visible light in photocatalytic reactions, nitrogen atoms were doped in commercially available photocatalytic TiO2 powders by using an organic compound such as urea and guanidine. Analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that N atoms were incorporated into two different sites of the bulk phase of TiO2. A significant shift of the absorption edge to a lower energy and a higher absorption in the visible light region were observed. These N-doped TiO2 powders exhibited photocatalytic activity for the decomposition of 2-propanol in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity increased with the decrease of doped N atoms in O site, while decreased with decrease of the other sites. Degradation of photocatalytic activity based on the release of nitrogen atoms was observed for the reaction in the aqueous suspension system. 相似文献
97.
Tessui Nakagawa Takayuki Ichikawa Keiji Shimoda Masami Tsubota Hiroki Miyaoka Shigehito Isobe Tetsuo Honma Shinji Michimura Fumitoshi Iga Somei Ohnuki Yoshitsugu Kojima 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2013
The mixtures of scandium hydride ScH2 and metal boride MBn, which is MgB2 or CaB6, were hydrogenated by mechanical milling under hydrogen pressure at room temperature. ScH2–MgB2 and ScH2–CaB6 desorbed 3.4 and 2.3 mass% of H2, respectively, with peaks below 300 °C. The results of synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Sc K-edge indicated that ScB2 was produced by milling. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that hydrogen was stored as B–H bonds in the as-milled samples. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy clarified the presence of metal borohydrides M(BH4)2 (M = Mg and Ca) in the as-milled ScH2–MBn mixtures. These results indicate that M(BH4)2 is synthesized by milling the ScH2–MBn mixtures under hydrogen pressure at room temperature, and hydrogen was desorbed from M(BH4)2. The by-products of M(BH4)2 are MgH2 in the M = Mg case, which was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and ScB2 in both cases. 相似文献
98.
Rakan Matsui Masaaki Hasegawa Masami Ishida Toshiya Ebata Noriyuki Namiki Kenji Sugibayashi 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2013,39(8):729-738
ABSTRACTIn vitro permeation of lidocaine (lidocaine base, LID) through excised rat skin was investigated using several LID-suspended oily formulations. The first skin permeation of LID from an LID-suspended oily solution such as liquid paraffin (LP), isopropyl myristate (IPM), polyoxyethylene (2) oleylether (BO-2), and diethyl sebacate (DES) was evaluated and compared with that from polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) solution, a hydrophilic base. The obtained permeation rate of LID, Japp, from PEG400, LP, IPM, BO-2, and DES was in the order of DES>BO-2 = IPM>LP>PEG400, and increased with LID solubility in the oily solvents, although LID crystals were dispersed in all solvents. Subsequently, oily formulations that consisted of different ratios of the first oily solvent (IPM, BO-2, or DES) (each 0–20%), the second oily solvent (LP) and an oily mixture of microcrystalline wax/white petrolatum/paraffin (1/5/4) were evaluated. BO-2 groups at a concentration of 5% and 10% had the highest Japp among the oily formulations, although a higher BO-2 resulted in lower skin permeation. In addition, pretreatment with BO-2 increased the skin permeation of LID. These results suggest that the penetration enhancing effect by the system may be related to the skin penetration of BO-2 itself. Finally, mathematical analysis was done to evaluate the effect of BO-2, and it was shown that BO-2 improved the LID solubility in stratum corneum lipids to efficiently enhance the LID permeation through skin. 相似文献
99.
The distribution behavior of n-alcohols, ketones and nitroalkanes in aqueous liquid chromatography with a column packed with polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel, TSKgel Ether-250, was compared with that in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) formed from PEG and Na2SO4 or (NH4)2SO4. The plots of the distribution data obtained for the PEG gel system against those for the ATPS reveal that the separation selectivities exerted by the PEG gel system and the PEG-based ATPS are approximately the same. Differential scanning calorimetry studies on aqueous PEG solutions suggest that PEG polymer forms a hydration structure of which the composition is 50% (w/w) PEG or the hydration number per ethylene oxide is 2.4 and the separation selectivity of the PEG-water systems can be attributed to partition of solute compounds into the hydrated PEG polymer structure. 相似文献
100.
Cryogenic optical measurements of 12-segment-bonded carbon-fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composite mirror with support mechanism 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kaneda H Nakagawa T Onaka T Enya K Makiuti S Takaki J Haruna M Kume M Ozaki T 《Applied optics》2008,47(8):1122-1128
A 720 mm diameter 12-segment-bonded carbon-fiber-reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC) composite mirror has been fabricated and tested at cryogenic temperatures. Interferometric measurements show significant cryogenic deformation of the C/SiC composite mirror, which is well reproduced by a model analysis with measured properties of the bonded segments. It is concluded that the deformation is due mostly to variation in coefficients of thermal expansion among segments. In parallel, a 4-degree-of-freedom ball-bearing support mechanism has been developed for cryogenic applications. The C/SiC composite mirror was mounted on an aluminum base plate with the support mechanism and tested again. Cryogenic deformation of the mirror attributed to thermal contraction of the aluminum base plate via the support mechanism is highly reduced by the support, confirming that the newly developed support mechanism is promising for its future application to large-aperture cooled space telescopes. 相似文献