Remanent magnetism of sintered diamond with cobalt

Remanent magnetism of sintered diamond with cobalt has been measured with an astatic magnetometer. The results of measurements show that the intensity of remanent magnetism strongly depends on Knoop microhardness value. It is also found, from alternating field demagnetization experiment, that a specimen with higher intensity of magnetization has good magnetic stability.     

High-precision voltage-measuring method using fast sampled data for electric power systems

Control and protection equipment in power systems requires higher sensitivity and operational reliability to meet today's changing power system requirements. The voltage-measuring deviation requirement for advanced voltage and var control equipment is less than 0.1 percent under conditions of harmonic distortion in the voltage waveform and power-system frequency variation. Studies on digital signal processing suitable for electric power systems showed that these requirements are satisfied using fast sampling and very fast 32-bit floating point operations by a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). This paper describes the design philosophy of a high-precision power system voltage-measuring method using fast sampled data. In addition, total voltage-measuring deviation characteristics under a combination of the techniques are described along with digital filter characteristics, frequency-measuring deviation characteristics, frequency variation versus gain-compensation characteristics of a digital filter, and peak value operating principles.     

In vivo evidence for non-universal usage of the codon CUG in Candida maltosa

An alkane-assimilating yeast Candida maltosa had been studied in order to establish systems suitable for biotransformation of hydrophobic compounds. However, functional expression of heterologous genes tested for this purpose had not been successful in several cases. On the other hand, it had been reported that the codon CUG, a universal leucine codon, is read as serine in C. cylindracea. The same altered codon usage had also been suggested by in vitro experiments in some Candida yeasts which are phylogenetically closely related to C. maltosa. In this study we have shown that the failure in functional expression of a heterologous gene is due to the fact that the codon CUG is read as serine in C. maltosa. This conclusion was drawn from the following experimental results: (1) when a cytochrome P450 gene of C. maltosa containing a CTG codon was expressed in C. maltosa, the corresponding amino acid was found to be serine, and not leucine; (2) a tRNA gene with an almost identical structure to that of the tRNA ^SerCAG gene of C. albicans could be isolated from the genome of C. maltosa; (3) the Saccharomyces cerevisiae URA3 gene, which has one CTG codon, could not complement the ura3 mutation of C. maltosa as itself, but when the CTG codon was changed to another leucine codon, CTC, the mutated gene could complement the ura3 mutation. The last result is the first example of succeeding in functional expression of a heterologous gene in Candida species having an altered codon usage by changing the CTG codon in the gene to another codon. The nucleotide sequence datum reported in this paper will appear in the GSDB, DDBJ, EMBL and NCBI nucleotide sequence databases with the Accession Number D26074.     

An Automatic Test-Generation System for Large Digital Circuits

A new test-generation system (FUTURE) for large digital circuits (more than 10K gates) is based on a nine-valued FAN algorithm. Fault simulation adopts a concurrent simulation adopts a concurrent simulation technique. The system consists of four major modules: fault modeling, random pattern generation, algorithmic pattern generation, and fault simulation. The system can be a powerful CAD tool and effectively generate test patterns for large sequential circuits with Scan Path.     

Interrelationships of clinical outcome, length of resection, and energy cost of walking after prosthetic knee replacement following resection of a malignant tumor of the distal aspect of the femur

An automated method for analysis of in vivo proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectra and reconstruction of metabolite distributions from MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data is described. A parametric spectral model using acquisition specific, a priori information is combined with a wavelet-based, nonparametric characterization of baseline signals. For image reconstruction, the initial fit estimates were additionally modified according to a priori spatial constraints. The automated fitting procedure was applied to four different examples of MRS data obtained at 1.5 T and 4.1 T. For analysis of major metabolites at medium TE values, the method was shown to perform reliably even in the presence of large baseline signals and relatively poor signal-to-noise ratios typical of in vivo proton MRSI. Identification of additional metabolites was also demonstrated for short TE data. Automated formation of metabolite images will greatly facilitate and expand the clinical applications of MR spectroscopic imaging.     

Automatic welding of pipeline in Japan: Part 2—The development of a method for the branch pipe joint in ship pipeline

The pipelines used in a ship amount to tens of thousands of metres per ship, and so automatic welding of the pipelines has been widely applied from the viewpoint of saving labour. In most cases the automatic welding process has been used for the welding of butt-joints which can be applied to the pipes in rotary motion, and it has also been used for fillet-welding of the connection between flange and piping. In the butt-welding of fixed pipings, automatic welding processes are now being partly used for position welding but up to the present time automatic welding has seldom been applied to the various types of branch pipe joints in which the welded lines form three-dimensional curves.In recent years, great progress has been made in the technique of constructing steel pipe structures and in the development of practical gas cutting processes to prepare the curves needed for the various welded joints used in piping. This paper deals with various conditions and performance requirements needed for automatic welding, such as the selection of shapes of prepared edges of pipings to be welded, the control of welding positions, the control of welding torches in operation, and the solution and control of other production variables.     

Rheo-optical studies on the deformation mechanism of semicrystalline polymers. VIII. Dynamic x-ray diffraction of a high-density polyethylene film having row-structure of C-axis orientation

Dynamic x-ray diffraction is employed to scrutinize the structural origin of the α mechanical dispersion of a highdensity polyethylene having preferentially oriented rownucleated cylindritic texture around the machine direction (MD). Results indicate that the α₁ dispersion is associated with two kinds of orientation processes of crystallites: (1) the orientation process involving the rotation of crystallites around the crystal b-axis (lamellar axis) dominates in the MD specimen; (2) the other process accompanying the rotation of crystallites or lamellar segments around their crystal a-axis dominates in the TD (transverse direction) specimen. The complex apparent crystal lattice compliances show no frequency dependence in the real component and no appreciable value in the imaginary component, indicating that the α₁ process is definitely associated with the intercrystalline process, but not relavent to the intracrystal process. However, at elevated temperatures, the complex lattice compliances exhibit a remarkable frequency dependence, suggesting that the α₂ dispersion concomitant to intracrystalline nature takes place in this time scale. The α₂ dispersion was found to be more pronounced upon stretching along the lamellar axis (TD) than normal to it (MD).     

Electron transport through the MOCVD grown GaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction barrier

We investigated the current/voltage characteristics of n+GaAs/undoped AlxGa1?xAs (200 A)/n+GaAs heterostructures grown by the metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) method between 77 K and 300 K. Both the voltage dependence and the temperature dependence of the current were in good agreement over a wide current range with the calculated results of the tunnelling and thermionic emission current.