The standard function for a platinum resistance thermometer above the setting point of silver

A method and apparatus are described for measuring the characteristics W(T) at 962– 1085 °C for a hightemperature platinum resistance thermometer. A special design has been used containing a radiating cavity of black-body type localized around the sensitive element. The measurements were made with a spectropyrometric comparator by brightness comparison at the Ag, Au, and Cu reference points, and also at temperatures representing multiple and fractional brightnesses. The results are compared with the W(T) obtained by interpolating measurements made by the contact method at the Zn, Al, and Cu reference points. The differences in the W(T) constituted the temperature equivalent of 0.16, – 0.14, and 0.04 at the reference points correspondingly for Ag, Au, and Cu. The over- all measurement error is estimated as 0.19°C. An interpolation formula is proposed that is based on the standard function W_ref(T₉₀) given in the definition of ITS- 90.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 9, pp. 39–42, September, 1993.     

Structural changes in membranes of proliferating leukocytes L-41 as affected by low doses of ionizing radiation

The dose-dependent effects of gamma-radiation on the leucocyte cultures L-41 has been investigated. Irradiation by the dose of 0.25 Gy stimulates the cell proliferation while that by the doses of 1.0 and 2.0 Gy inhibits this process. In this dose range the radiohormesis effects characterizing structural organization of the probed membranes have been also registered for fluorescence parameters. The zone of qualitative transition of response of the cell membranes to radiation is individual for various effects. The action of radiation in the doses of 0.25 and 0.50 Gy induces a decrease of ANS fluorescence intensity and a decrease of membrane protein immersion in the lipid bilayer of leukocyte membranes. The values of these parameters rise at the doses of 1.0 and 2.0 Gy that reflects different directions of structural changes in various membrane regions. The irradiation in the range of 0.25-1.0 Gy induces the increase of microviscosity in deep regions of membrane lipid matrix while at the dose 2.0 Gy it causes its decrease. Radioactive radiation does not change the membrane protein conformation of leukocytes and polarity of lipid bilayer hydrophobic zones as recorded by fluorescent methods used.     

Use of conduction anesthesia for the development of movements in the knee joint after arthrotomy

An investigation of the possible significance of 'stress' as a factor in the retention of bovine fetal membranes has been carried out, together with the investigation as to the possible variation of progesterone levels at parturition, as a cause of retention. No evidence of abnormal progesterone levels has been established, but from the evidence it is concluded that retention may well be yet another example of production disease.