Brownian motion model of nanoparticle considering nonrigidity of matter-a systems modeling approach

The variance models for Brownian motion are developed either using the diffusion equation method or by using spectral analysis with a Langevin equation. The diffusion method approach does not consider properties of matter like inertia, elasticity, and dissipative capabilities whereas in the Langevin equation approach, although based on the property concept, the matter is considered rigid and there are no attempts of inclusion of elastic and other properties to study the Brownian motion. The concept of absoluteness (in rigidity) is debatable in nanodomains, and instead an analytical model for Brownian motion of nanosize particles has been obtained and explored in this work using the Langevin equation considering nonrigidity and dissipative capabilities of matter.     

Periodic subgraph mining in dynamic networks

In systems of interacting entities such as social networks, interactions that occur regularly typically correspond to significant, yet often infrequent and hard to detect, interaction patterns. To identify such regular behavior in streams of dynamic interaction data, we propose a new mining problem of finding a minimal set of periodically recurring subgraphs to capture all periodic behavior in a dynamic network. We analyze the computational complexity of the problem and show that it is polynomial, unlike many related subgraph or itemset mining problems. We propose an efficient and scalable algorithm to mine all periodic subgraphs in a dynamic network. The algorithm makes a single pass over the data and is also capable of accommodating imperfect periodicity. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach on several real-world networks and extract interesting and insightful periodic interaction patterns. We also show that periodic subgraphs can be an effective way to uncover and characterize the natural periodicities in a system.     

Stopping power of Mylar for heavy ions up to copper

The stopping powers of Mylar for several heavy ions covering Z=11 to 29 in the energy range 0.3 to 2.3 MeV/n have been measured using the elastic recoil detection technique and twin detector system. The technique provided a unique method to generate a variety of variable energy ion species utilizing a fixed energy 140 MeV Ag¹³⁺ primary beam from the Pelletron accelerator facility at Nuclear Science Center, New Delhi, India. Most of these measurements are new. The experimentally measured stopping power values have been compared with those calculated using LSS theory, Ziegler et al. formulation and Northcliffe and Schilling tabulations. Merits and demerits of these formulations are highlighted. Stopping power calculations using the Hubert et al. formulation have been extended successfully beyond its recommended range of validity, i.e. 2.5–500 MeV/n down to energies as low as 0.5 MeV/n.     

A Novel FrWT Based Arrhythmia Detection in ECG Signal Using YWARA and PCA

Wireless Personal Communications - In general, Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal gets corrupted by variety of noise at the time of its acquisition. Unfortunately, these noise tend to mask the crucial...     

Some Thermodynamic Aspects of the Oxides of Chromium

To understand Cr emissions from slag melts to a vapor phase, an assessment of the stabilities of the chromium oxides at high temperatures has been carried out. The objective of the present study is to present a set of consistent data corresponding to the thermodynamic properties of the oxides of chromium, with special reference to the emission of hexavalent chromium from slags. In the current work, critical analysis of the experimental data available and a third analysis in the case of Cr₂O₃ have been carried out. Commercial databases, Fact Sage and ThermoCalc along with NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, have been used for the analysis and comparisons of the results that are presented. The significant discrepancies in the available data have been pointed out. The data from NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables have been found to provide a set of consistent data for the various chromium oxides. An Ellingham diagram and the equations for the ΔG° (standard Gibbs free energy change) of formation of CrO _x have been proposed. The present analysis shows that CrO₃(g) is likely to be emitted from slag melts at high oxygen partial pressures.     

Mesoporous electroactive silver doped calcium borosilicates: Structural,antibacterial and myogenic potential relationship of improved bio-ceramics

In this work improved electroactive mesoporous Ag-doped bio-ceramics for medical usages are developed, examining their structural, electrical, in-vitro bioactivity, cell cultures and antibacterial properties against various classical pathogenic bacteria. Ag-containing mesoporous bio-ceramics (MBCs): xmol%Ag₂O - (100-x)[45.8CaO-8.4B₂O₃-45.8SiO₂] where x = 2, 5, 7.5 and 10 were synthesized through a sol-gel method. The small angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopy studies reveal the embedment of silver nanoparticles in the samples. Existence of silver as Ag⁺/Ag⁰ forms in the samples is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The N₂ adsorption-desorption analysis evidence the mesoporous structure of the samples. The electrical conductivity of samples increases from 5.4 x 10^?8 S cm^?1 for x = 2 to 1.9 x 10^?6 S cm^?1 for x = 7.5 and then decreases to 0.9 x 10^?6 S cm^?1 for x = 10 at 110 °C. In vitro bioactivity studies revealed that Ag-containing MBCs hold the bone-like hydroxyapatite formation after immersion in human blood plasma like-solution such as Dulbecco's Modi?ed Eagle's Medium. The antibacterial effect of samples against pathogenic bacteria (S. aureus, E. coli, P. monas aeruginosa, and B. cereus) increases with Ag concentration (x = 7.5) and then decreases with Ag content (x = 10). Antibacterial effect is greater for the sample with high electrical conductivity. The cell culture studies evidence not considerable cytotoxic effects for Ag-containing MBCs. Finally, the C2C12 myoblast cell culture studies reveal the significant cell growths and differentiation (myogenesis) for high electrical conducting Ag-containing MBCs.     

Measurement of Bulk Mechanical Properties and Modeling the Load-Response of Rootzone Sands. Part 1: Round and Angular Monosize and Binary Mixtures

The bulk mechanical properties of two different types of rootzone sands (round and angular) were measured using a cubical triaxial tester. Two monosize sands (d 50 = 0.375 mm and 0.675 mm) and their 50:50 binary mixtures (d 50 = 0.500 mm) were studied. The compression, shear, and failure responses of the above-mentioned six compositions were analyzed, compared, and modeled. Two elastic parameters (bulk and shear moduli) and two elastoplastic parameters (swelling and consolidation indices) of the six sand compositions were also calculated and compared. The angular sand was more compressible than round sand during isotropic compression. In addition, the angular sands tended to have lower initial bulk density and high porosity values. Among the three different size fractions, the 0.375 mm mixture was least compressible for both sand shapes. The failure strength and shear modulus of the angular sand were higher than the round sands. In addition, due to their simplicity, phenomenological models were developed to predict the compression and shear behavior of the sands. The prediction models were validated using subangular and subround sands. Average relative difference values were calculated to determine the effectiveness of the prediction models. The mean average relative difference values for compression profiles, i.e., volumetric stress vs. volumetric strain, were from 16 % to 39 %, except for the initial load-response portion (< 1 % volumetric strain). The predictive models were effective in reproducing the failure responses: at 17.2 kPa confining pressure, the mean of average relative difference was 23 %; at 34.5 kPa , the mean difference was 24 %.     

TSTL: the template scripting testing language

International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer - A test harness, in automated test generation, defines the set of valid tests for a system, as well as their correctness properties....     

Effect of amphiphilic compatibilizers on the filler dispersion and properties of polyethylene—thermally reduced graphene nanocomposites

Compatibilizers of different chemical structures and specifications were used to enhance the filler exfoliation in nanocomposites of polyethylene and thermally reduced graphene prepared by melt mixing route. The mechanical performance of the compatibilized nanocomposites was observed to be better than PE/G nanocomposites due to enhanced extent of filler exfoliation and distribution. Highest increase of 45% in tensile modulus and 13% in peak stress was observed in the composites. Overall, from the mechanical, rheological, thermal, and calorimetric properties, the compatibilizers with best performance were ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE25). Furthermore, the extent of filler exfoliation was observed to increase with increasing EAA content thus confirming positive interactions between EAA and thermally reduced graphene, though no specific chemical interactions could be detected. The composite properties were observed to reach maximum around 7.5 wt % EAA content, followed by reduced performance due to extensive matrix plasticization. The observed behaviors were a result of interplay of opposing factors like filler exfoliation due to compatibilizer addition and matrix plasticization due to its lower molecular weight, thus the observed optimum comaptibilizer amount was specific to the compatibilizer. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42484.