The process of sex-role integration in psychotherapy: Contributions from a training experience.

Feminist therapists face contradictions between avoiding abuse of power and accepting legitimate authority; between affective sharing and the use of intimacy to circumvent relational conflicts; between their feminist beliefs and internalized, unconscious sex-role norms; and between their collaborative values and the hierarchical nature of their discipline and of psychotherapy. These contradictions are most accessible to therapists-in-training for whom supervision can heighten an awareness of the interplay between personal influences and technical requirements. Two developmental models are provided for delineating feminine therapists' evolving use of these contradictions in their formulations of client dynamics and in the therapy relationship. Case examples from therapists in training translate these models into specifics of clinical practice. (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Calculating the parameters of full lightning impulses usingmodel-based curve fitting

A brief review is presented of the techniques used for the evaluation of the parameters of high voltage impulses and the problems encountered. The determination of the best smooth curve through oscillations on a high voltage impulse is the major problem limiting the automatic processing of digital records of impulses. Nonlinear regression, based on simple models, is applied to the analysis of simulated and experimental data of full lightning impulses. Results of model fitting to four different groups of impulses are presented and compared with some other methods. Plans for the extension of this work are outlined     

Template-assisted growth of nominally cubic (100)-oriented three-dimensional crack-free photonic crystals

Three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals (PhCs) are now beginning to acquire functionality via the use of dopants and heterostructures. However, the self-organized fabrication of large-area single crystals that are free of cracks and stacking faults has remained a challenge. We demonstrate a technology for the fabrication of (100)-oriented thin film 3D opal PhCs that exhibit no cracks over areas having no intrinsic size limit via a modified template-assisted colloidal self-assembly approach onto a patterned substrate. This technology potentially makes available large area regions of single photonic crystal, which can be used for optoelectronic devices.     

Measuring cognitive workload in automated knowledge work environments: a systematic literature review

Cognition, Technology & Work - Traditionally, automation was introduced to alleviate workload associated with tedious and repetitive tasks. Recently, automation is being used to augment...     

Coupling of protein HPLC to MALDI-TOF MS using an on-target device for fraction collection, concentration, digestion, desalting, and matrix/analyte cocrystallization

Multidimensional protein chromatography offers an alternative to gel-based separations for large-scale proteomic analyses of highly complex mixtures. However, these liquid separations divide the original mixtures into multitudes of discrete samples, each of which may require numerous steps of sample manipulation, such as fraction collection, buffer exchange, protease digestion, peptide desalting, and, in the case of MALDI-MS, matrix and analyte cocrystallization on target. When traditional high-flow liquid chromatography is used, large volumes of solvent must also be removed from fractions to maximize MS sensitivity. Although robotic liquid-handling devices can facilitate these steps and reduce analyst/sample contact, they remain prototypic and expensive. Here, we explore the use of a novel, one-piece elastomeric device, the BD MALDI sample concentrator, which affixes to a MALDI target to create a prestructured 96-well sample array on the target surface. We have developed methodologies to process high-flow HPLC fractions by collecting them directly into the elastomeric device and then subjecting them to sequential on-target sample concentration, buffer exchange, digestion, desalting, and matrix/analyte cocrystallization for MALDI-MS analyses. We demonstrate that this methodology enables the rapid digestion and analysis of low amounts of proteins and that it is effective in the characterization of an HPLC-fractionated protein mixture by MALDI-TOF MS followed by peptide mass fingerprinting.     

Eutrophication in peel inlet—III : A model for the nitrogen scenario and a retrospective look at the preliminary analysis

In this third paper of a series, the structure of and results from an a priori speculative simulation model of the nitrogen dynamics of eutrophic Peel Inlet are described. This simulation exercise indicated that nitrogen limitation of Cladophora growth rarely occurred.The results of this simulation exercise, and those of the earlier study of the phosphorus scenario, are then compared with field and laboratory data collected subsequently. This comparison indicates that the preliminary speculative simulation technique is a powerful method for the definition of the critical uncertainties in the knowledge of an environmental system, and therefore for the direction and planning of future research. Furthermore, the simulations correctly identified phosphorus, rather than nitrogen, as the major limiting nutrient for macroalgal growth in Peel Inlet.     

Anomalous Oxidation States in Multilayers for Fuel Cell Applications

Significant recent interest has been directed towards the relationship between interfaces and reports of enhanced ionic conductivity. To gain a greater understanding of the effects of hetero‐interfaces on ionic conductivity, advanced analytical techniques including electron microscopy (TEM/STEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) are used to characterize CeO₂/Ce_0.85Sm_0.15O₂ multilayer thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition. High quality growth is observed, but ionic conductivity measured by impedance spectroscopy and ¹⁸O tracer experiments is consistent with bulk materials. EELS analysis reveals the unusual situation of layers containing only Ce(IV) adjacent to layers containing both Ce(III) and Ce(IV). Post oxygen annealing induced oxygen diffusion and mixed oxidation states in both layers, but only in the vicinity of low angle grain boundaries perpendicular to the layers. The implications of the anomalous behavior of the Ce oxidation states on the design of novel electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells is discussed.     

STO/BTO Modulated Superlattice Multilayer Structures with Atomically Sharp Interfaces

A comparative study is carried out investigating the microstructure and the electrical properties of Ba_xSr_1‐xTiO₃ films with x = (0.25, 0.5, 0.75) deposited as modulated superlattice (SL) multilayer structures by laser ablation on both LaAlO₃ and MgO substrates. The SL structures are examined using high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy . Their interfaces and chemical composition are investigated using energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, complemented with electron energy loss spectra analysis performed to give insight to the local chemistry, structure and bonding. It is found that all modulated SL samples consisted of continuous well defined 1 nm SrTiO₃ and 4 nm BaTiO₃ layers. When modulated SL multilayered structures are compared with their single target deposited equivalents, they exhibit similar electrical properties (e.g. dielectric constant and dielectric loss) but undergo phase transition in a broader temperature region. A very important observation is that the oxygen K‐edges in SrTiO₃ and BaTiO₃ layers are distinctive. Therefore it can be used as finger‐print signature for analysis of ultra‐thin SrTiO₃/BaTiO₃ layers and their interfaces. Finally it is demonstrated that by varying the modulation period it is possible to develop structures with engineered ferroelectric properties and improved thermal stability.     

Uncovering Buried Structure and Interfaces in Molecular Photovoltaics

The processes that generate current in organic photovoltaics are highly dependent on the micro‐ and nano‐structure in the semiconductor layers, especially at the donor‐acceptor interface. Elucidating film properties throughout the thickness of the devices is therefore key to their further development. Here, a methodology is developed to gain unprecedented insights into the structure and composition of the molecular layers within the depth of device structure using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The technique was applied to three archetypical solar cell configurations consisting of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and C₆₀, which have been cross‐sectioned using a focused ion beam method optimized to minimize sample damage. The HRTEM images exhibit lattice fringes in both CuPc and C₆₀, confirming the crystallinity and texture of both materials, and offering novel insight into the growth of C₆₀ onto molecular materials. The donor‐acceptor interface morphology is further studied using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) in combination with energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy, extending the scope of our methodology to amorphous heterostructures.