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211.
Maxime Schwertz Pierre Ranque Sébastien Lemonnier Elodie Barraud Adele Carradò Marie‐France Vallat Michel Nardin 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2015,132(9)
The present study deals with the optimization of polyimide (PI) mechanical properties, obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS), by using a method combining Design of Experiments (DOE) with physical, structural, and mechanical characterizations. The effects of SPS parameters such as temperature, pressure, dwell time, and cooling rate on the density, mechanical properties, and structure of PI were investigated. The experimental results revealed that the mechanical properties of the material were optimized by raising the sintering temperature up to 350°C. The optimized SPS processing parameters were a temperature of 350°C, a pressure of 40 MPa, and a dwell time of 5 min. Under these conditions, a relative density of 99.6% was reached within only a few minutes. The corresponding mechanical properties consisted of Young's modulus of 3.43 GPa, a Shore D hardness of 87.3, and a compressive strength of 738 MPa for a maximum compressive strain of 61.8%. Moreover, when working at 320°C and at 100 MPa, an increase in the dwell time was necessary to enhance the properties. Contrary to the other parameters, the cooling rate appeared to be a non‐significant parameter. Finally, correlations between the PI structure and the mechanical properties were made to demonstrate the densification mechanisms. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41542. 相似文献
212.
Laurent Bédouet Florentina Pascale Michel Bonneau Alexandre Laurent 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2015,41(1):85-94
Intra-articular drug delivery systems (DDSs) are envisaged as interesting alternative to locally release non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen to reduce pain in patients with osteoarthritis. The present study examines the efficacy of S-(+)-ibuprofen on cartilage degradation as drug candidate for DDS loading. Humeral cartilage and joint capsule explants were collected from healthy sheep shoulder joints and they were cultured in mono- or in co-culture for 13?days with LPS in combination with S-(+)-ibuprofen at 50?µM and 1?mM. S-(+)-ibuprofen (50?µM) blocked prostaglandins production in LPS-activated explants but did not reduce cartilage degradation. By contrast, 1?mM S-(+)-ibuprofen treatment of cartilage explants reduced nitric oxide synthesis by 51% (p?=?0.0072), proteoglycans degradation by 35% (p?=?0.0114) and expression of serum amyloid protein – the main protein induced upon LPS challenge – by 44% (p?0.0001). On contrary, in presence of synovial membrane, the protective effects of S-(+)-ibuprofen on cartilage damages were significantly diminished. At 1mM, S-(+)-ibuprofen reduced the cell lysis during culture of cartilage and joint capsule either in mono- or in co-culture. This study performed on sheep explants shows that 1?mM S-(+)-ibuprofen inhibited cartilage degradation via a mechanism independent of cyclooxygenase inhibition. Reduction of prostaglandins synthesis at 50?µM in all treatment groups and reduction of cartilage degradation observed at 1?mM suggest that S-(+)-ibuprofen could be considered as a promising drug candidate for the loading of intra-articular DDS. 相似文献
213.
Plasmonic Absorbers: A Switchable Mid‐Infrared Plasmonic Perfect Absorber with Multispectral Thermal Imaging Capability (Adv. Mater. 31/2015) 下载免费PDF全文
214.
Kamilla Soares de Mendonça João Renato de Jesus Junqueira Michel Cardoso de Angelis Pereira Marina Barbosa Vilela 《Drying Technology》2016,34(4):386-394
Osmotic dehydration assisted by ultrasound (ODAU) at low temperatures reduces water activity (aw) and maintains nutrients. The influence of solution concentration (SC; 20 to 60° Brix, xylitol and sorbitol) and ultrasound application time (tus, 0 to 40 min) in ODAU of yacon was studied with the aid of a response surface method. The optimum condition with respect to mass transfer parameters, aw, and fructan retention was SC of 60° Brix for both solutions and tus of 2.67 min for xylitol samples and 0 min for sorbitol samples. The application of ultrasound improved dehydration but resulted in depolymerization of fructans. 相似文献
215.
High‐Temperature Neutron Diffraction,Raman Spectroscopy,and First‐Principles Calculations of Ti3SnC2 and Ti2SnC 下载免费PDF全文
Grady W. Bentzel Michael Naguib Nina J. Lane Sven C. Vogel Volker Presser Sylvain Dubois Jun Lu Lars Hultman Michel W. Barsoum El'ad N. Caspi 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2016,99(7):2233-2242
Herein, we report—for the first time—on the additive‐free bulk synthesis of Ti3SnC2. A detailed experimental study of the structure of the latter together with a secondary phase, Ti2SnC, is presented through the use of X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and high‐resolution transmission microscopy (HRTEM). A previous sample of Ti3SnC2, made using Fe as an additive and Ti2SnC as a secondary phase, was studied by high‐temperature neutron diffraction (HTND) and XRD. The room‐temperature crystallographic parameters of the two MAX phases in the two samples are quite similar. Based on Rietveld analysis of the HTND data, the average linear thermal expansion coefficients of Ti3SnC2 in the a and c directions were found to be 8.5 (2)·10?6 K?1 and 8.9 (1)·10?6 K?1, respectively. The respective values for the Ti2SnC phase are 10.1 (3)·10?6 K?1 and 10.8 (6)·10?6 K?1. Unlike other MAX phases, the atomic displacement parameters of the Sn atoms in Ti3SnC2 are comparable to those of the Ti and C atoms. When the predictions of the atomic displacement parameters obtained from density functional theory are compared to the experimental results, good quantitative agreement is found for the Sn atoms. In the case of the Ti and C atoms, the agreement is more qualitative. We also used first principles to calculate the elastic properties of both Ti2SnC and Ti3SnC2 and their Raman active modes. The latter are compared to experiment and the agreement was found to be good. 相似文献
216.
Shea butter solid nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation: Influence of nanoparticles size on drug loading 下载免费PDF全文
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219.
Michel Piliougine David Elizondo Llanos Mora‐Lpez Mariano Sidrach‐de‐Cardona 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2015,23(4):513-523
A neural network for modelling photovoltaic modules using angle of incidence and clearness index is proposed. Engineers require methods to estimate the output of a photovoltaic plant depending on meteorological conditions. Therefore, models for the grid inverter and the generator must be provided, and their outputs must be combined. The connection between both models is related to the maximum power point of the generator and how it is tracked by the inverter. That maximum power point under specific conditions of irradiance and module temperature is determined by the I–V curve of the module, which must be simulated under those conditions. Algebraic procedures were used to simulate the I–V curve. Recently, neural networks have been used for the same purpose. Previous methods only take into account the irradiance and the module temperature. The model proposed is based on neural networks, and it uses not only the irradiance and the module temperature but also the angle of incidence and the instantaneous clearness index as additional inputs. The normalised clearness replaces the standard clearness index because it allows the removal of the hourly trend found in this last index. This new model improves the results obtained with previous ones as it can distinguish amongst samples with the same solar irradiance and temperature values but with different angle of incidence and instantaneous clearness index. Results show that this model could be used to improve the accuracy of the tools used to forecast the output of photovoltaic plants. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
220.
Lu Shen Jianming Xue Michel W. Barsoum Qing Huang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2014,97(12):3721-3724
Inspired by pressure resistance welding of metallic materials, herein we describe how two MAX phases—Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2—were successfully joined by a rapid electric current heating method in a pulsed electric current sintering furnace. No welding agent was employed and the total processing time was less than 6 min. When the bulk temperature of the joint couple exceeded 1070°C, good joints, with shear strength above 50 MPa, were achieved in both homo‐ and heterojunction joints. 相似文献