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51.
Although many link patterns have been identified at the university level, departmental interlinking has been relatively ignored.
Universities are multidisciplinary by nature and various disciplines may employ the Web differently, thus patterns identified
at the university level may hide subject differences. Departments are typically subject-oriented, and departmental interlinking
may therefore illustrate interesting disciplinary linking patterns, perhaps relating to informal scholarly communication.
The aim of this paper is to identify whether and how link patterns differ along country and disciplinary lines between similar
disciplines and similar countries. Physics, Chemistry and Biology departments in Australia, Canada and the UK have been chosen.
In order to get a holistic picture of departments' Web use profiles and link patterns, five different perspectives are identified
and compared for each set of departments. Differences in link patterns are identified along both national and disciplinary
lines, and are found to reflect offline phenomena. Along national lines, a likely explanation for the difference is that countries
with better research performances make more general use of the Web; and, with respect to international peer interlinking,
countries that share more scholarly communication tend to interlink more with each other. Along disciplinary lines, it seems
that departments from disciplines which are more willing to distribute their research outputs tend to make more general use
of the Web, and also interlink more with their national and international peers. 相似文献
52.
Mike Lafferty Mark J. Dycaico 《Journal of The Association for Laboratory Automation》2004,9(4):200-208
Recombinant approaches for tapping into the biodiversity present in nature for the discovery of novel enzymes and biosynthetic pathways can result in large gene libraries. Likewise, laboratory evolution techniques can result in large but potentially valuable libraries. Thorough screening of these libraries requires ultra high-throughput methods. The GigaMatrix™ screening platform addresses this opportunity using reusable high-density plates with 100,000 to 1,000,000 through-hole wells in a microplate footprint. In addition to throughputs of over 107 wells per day, the platform offers a significant reduction in reagent use and waste, has fully integrated automated “cherry picking,” and uses no complicated dispensing equipment. Wells containing putative hits from targeted fluorescent liquid phase assays are revealed by a fluorescent imaging system. Vision-guided robotics are utilized to recover hits by accessing individual 200 μm and smaller wells with a disposable sterile needle. The GigaMatrix platform has proven to be an effective and efficient tool for screening gene libraries for both discovery and evolution applications. 相似文献
53.
Definition of the problem
The concept of “ethics” has recently been incorporated into both the 2014 Model Professional Code for Dentists and the current version of the “National Competence-Based Catalog of Learning Objectives in Dental Medicine” (NKLZ, Nationaler Kompetenzbasierter Lernzielkatalog Zahnmedizin). The study presented here addresses the question which relevance this has for the relevance of the new concept accomplished for the dental profession and society.Arguments
To this end, the societal processes that are related to the autonomous freedom of action of the dental profession are discussed. Therefore the sociological fields of discourse such as profession (and the effect of its constitutive antinomies), trust, education, expertise, practice of treatments and sanction are reviewed for their potential of having connections to each other and serving as a structural frame concerning an ethically reflected acting of the professional. The basis of the professional freedom of action is the trust of society and the individual patient in the professionally acting dentist.Conclusion
The study arrives at the conclusion that it was a serious omission for many decades not to make young dentists aware of the ethical foundations of dental activity on an institutionally established basis and thus failing to encourage them to constantly reflect their professional expertise in relation to the problems to be solved. This deficit has now been identified. It is absolutely essential to implement an institutionalized structure dealing with ethical questions within the scope of dental medicine.54.
55.
56.
Scientometrics - The lack of females in many Science Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects in the USA is an ongoing concern, with many initiatives attempting to redress this... 相似文献
57.
Young men from poorer backgrounds are associated with high road traffic collision levels. However, solving this problem has proven very difficult. Hence this paper summarises the findings of a UK government funded two-year trial of a cross-discipline intervention to reduce aggressive driving amongst this group. 相似文献
58.
Scientometrics - Citation-based indicators are often used to help evaluate the impact of published medical studies, even though the research has the ultimate goal of improving human wellbeing. One... 相似文献
59.
Sebastian Weise Paul Coulton Mike Chiasson 《Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)》2017,26(4-6):927-958
Adapting and changing the systems and technologies involved in civic engagement with local government is among the key challenges of collaborative technologies for political participation. In such contexts, both existing sets of technologies and ingrained, often formalised practices, the ‘rules of the game’, constrain any opportunity for intervention. Additionally, ‘civic’ and expert groups with conflicting agendas and divergent demands on public choices assert their influence in these transformation programmes. The article argues that established methods in collaborative systems design have thus far overlooked the role of recurring actions involved in public participation as well as the formal rules and ingrained practices that construct them. Yet, such patterns present a valuable resource for design interventions. Thus, based on an institutional approach, the article outlines a methodology for requirement gathering by mapping the relations of actors, software and their use along identifiable action situations. The method called for a dialogue between socio-technical-spatial contexts of public service and specific actions taking place within it. Drawing on a case of organising civic engagement in urban planning, the article discusses how to find and trace existing practices across social settings, information technologies and material contexts where engagements take place. The approach underscores the existing institutional contexts in inspiring, opening and constraining the opportunities to support ‘civics’. 相似文献
60.
Da-Wei Luo P. V. Pyshkin Michele Modugno Mike Guidry J. Q. You Lian-Ao Wu 《Quantum Information Processing》2018,17(9):238
We propose an exact mathematical mapping that can be useful for making an analog quantum simulator that uses ion-based systems to realize the many-body electron–electron Coulomb interaction of an electron gas. This exact mathematical mapping allows us to deal with a system that is difficult to solve and control using a potentially more experimentally feasible setup. We show that ions can efficiently simulate electronic Coulomb interactions by using a unitary dilatation transform. The transformation does not need to be physically implemented if only the energy spectrum is desired, eliminating the complexity overhead. This proposal works in any number of dimensions and could be used to simulate different topological phases of electrons in graphene-like structures, by using ions confined in honeycomb lattices. 相似文献