Evaluation of applicability of 2D iron core model for two-limb configuration of GOLEM tokamak

This paper presents evaluation of applicability of 2D iron core model for highly non-axisymmetric two limb configuration of GOLEM tokamak (former CASTOR). Presented results explain the long-term discrepancy between measured magnitudes of external poloidal field and those calculated by air-core approach on this tokamak. The model has been applied to two poloidal planes at different toroidal angles in the vacuum vessel region and has shown that close to central column of the transformer, it is possible to correct for 3D effects by variation of chosen dimensions of axisymmetric iron core model. Satisfactory agreement of the 2D model results with the measured distribution of B_R field component was achieved.     

Towards a theoretical foundation for Laplacian-based manifold methods

In recent years manifold methods have attracted a considerable amount of attention in machine learning. However most algorithms in that class may be termed “manifold-motivated” as they lack any explicit theoretical guarantees. In this paper we take a step towards closing the gap between theory and practice for a class of Laplacian-based manifold methods. These methods utilize the graph Laplacian associated to a data set for a variety of applications in semi-supervised learning, clustering, data representation.We show that under certain conditions the graph Laplacian of a point cloud of data samples converges to the Laplace-Beltrami operator on the underlying manifold. Theorem 3.1 contains the first result showing convergence of a random graph Laplacian to the manifold Laplacian in the context of machine learning.     

Mechanisms of molecular interactions in polybase–polyacid complex formed by copolymers of N,N‐dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate with alkylmethacrylates and methacrylic acid with ethylacrylate

Mechanisms of molecular interaction in the blends of a polybase, a copolymer of N,N‐dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate with methylmethacrylate and butylmethacrylate (PDMAEMA–MMA/BMA), with a polyacid, a copolymer of methacrylic acid with ethylacrylate (PMAA‐co‐EA), and plasticizer, triethylcitrate (TEC), have been investigated with FTIR Spectroscopy and potentiometry. To evaluate the strengths of hydrogen and ionic bonds in the polyelectrolyte complexes, quantum‐chemical calculations were performed. According to this analysis, the energy of ionic and hydrogen bonding diminishes in the order: multi‐component complexes involving protonated aminogroup of DMAEMA (ammonium cation) in the presence of chlorine counterion with ionized or unchanged carboxyl groups and water molecules (690–520 kJ/mol) > ternary H‐bonded acid‐base complexes associated with molecule of water (520–420 kJ/mol) > binary ionic complex of carboxylate anion and ammonium cation (404 kJ/mol) > H‐bonded complex of carboxylate and ammonium ions (257 kJ/mol) > binary H‐bonded complex of uncharged carboxyl group with ammonium cation (114 kJ/mol) > ternary H‐bonded complex of uncharged carboxyl group, aminogroup and water molecule (43 kJ/mol) > binary H‐bonded complex between nonionized carboxyl and amino groups (26 kJ/mol). Proton‐donating capability of functional groups in the studied polyelectrolyte blends diminishes in the order: HN⁺(CH₃)₂ ? > HOOC? > HO? . The proton‐donating capacity can be significantly improved in the presence of Cl^? ions, the effect of which may be appreciably inhibited if Na⁺ cations are available in the blend or solution. Proton‐accepting capability weakens in the order: uncharged aminogroup > carboxylate anion > uncharged carboxyl group > hydroxyl group. The results of quantum chemical calculations facilitate interpretation of FTIR spectra. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Differential effects of hippocampectomy on classically conditioned rabbit nictitating membrane response related to interstimulus interval.

The effects of hippocampal ablation on acquisition rates and temporal characteristics of classically conditioned nictitating membrane responses were examined in 54 New Zealand albino rabbits trained with a 150-, 300-, or 600-msec interstimulus interval. Acquisition rates were accelerated in the 150- and 600-msec groups. No effect was present in the 300-msec group. Response onset latencies were also affected in the 150-msec group. Results indicate that damage to the hippocampus influences the acquisition of classically conditioned responses only when temporal parameters are relatively complex. Findings also support the notion that the hippocampus modulates learned motor behavior by a neural model of the response to be executed. (21 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The science and practice of empirically supported treatments.

The impact on Canadian professional psychological treatment practices of the American Psychological Association""s Division 12 (Clinical Psychology) Task Force""s development of criteria and listings for empirically supported psychological treatments, along with other industrial efforts to standardize the identification of treatments with established efficacy is described in the article by J. Hunsley et al (see record 1999-01869-001). Here Hunsley et al extend their previous discussion and reply to other commentaries (see records 1999-01869-002, 1999-01869-003, 1999-01869-004, 1999-01869-005, 1999-01869-006) by viewing the current emphases in the Canadian health care system on accountability and empirically supported treatment (ESTs) as an unparalleled opportunity for professional psychology to deliver on its birthright. The generalizability of US experiences to Canadian contexts is discussed. Clinical practice guidelines should and will become the norm for providing evidence-based services in psychology, yet it would be impossible to develop such a guideline without empirical evidence proving that there are "best" interventions for a given problem. Canadian research issues in this light are discussed along with future challenges to professional psychology in Canada. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Yellow–green organic light-emitting diode based on tris(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate) scandium

Efficient yellow–green electroluminescence emission at λ_max = 530 nm with CIE coordinates x = 0.3913, y = 0.4947 was obtained with organic light-emitting devices based on tris(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate) scandium (1). The device with the configuration of indium tin oxide/N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine/1/Yb exhibits current efficiency of 3.1 cd/A and power efficiency of 1.8 lm/W at a luminance of 100 cd/m². The DFT calculations demonstrate that structural changes of the scandium complex 1 influence the electroluminescence spectrum, the better agreement with experimental data being achieved when monodentate ligands are taken into consideration.     

The first ribbed functionalized tris-dioximate clathrochelates with inherent hydroxyl substituents: Synthesis, spectra and X-ray structure

The controlled hydrolysis of the dichlorine-containing iron(II) clathrochelate FeBd₂(Cl₂Gm)(BF)₂ precursor (where Bd²⁻ and Cl₂Gm²⁻ are α-benzyldioxime and dichloroglyoxime dianions, respectively) afforded the hydroxy-containing clathrochelate derivatives with the hydroxyl substituent inherently bound to the ribbed chelate fragment of the macrobicyclic ligand. The triethylammonium and tetra-n-butylammonium salts of the clathrochelate [FeBd₂(OClGm)(BF)₂]⁻ anion have been characterized using elemental analysis, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, IR, UV–Vis, ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer and ¹H, ¹³C{¹H}, ¹¹B and ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopies, and X-ray crystallography. The X-ray structural data for this deprotonated anion showed strong delocalization of its negative charge into the clathrochelate framework.     

Non-linear analysis of FRP chimneys under thermal and wind loads

Due to their high corrosion and chemical attack resistance, Fiber Reinforced Plastic materials (FRP) are increasingly being used in the construction of industrial chimneys. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the current study represents the first analytical investigation aimed at describing the behavior of FRP chimneys under the effect of both thermal and wind loads. The study is conducted numerically using a consistent shell element model which includes the effect of large deformations. A simple material non-linearity model that accounts for cracks occurring in the resin is added to the shell element model. The finite element model is used to describe the typical structural behavior of FRP chimneys, assess the effect of cracking and determine the critical through-thickness temperature profile.     

Failure of hippocampectomy to facilitate classical conditioning at an optimal interstimulus interval is not due to a "ceiling effect."

Examined the effects of amphetamine injection (2 mg/kg), hippocampal lesions, and cortical lesions in 30 naive New Zealand albino rabbits during classical conditioning of the rabbit nictitating membrane response. An optimal interstimulus interval (ISI) was employed. Whereas neocortical and hippocampal damage had no significant effect on the rate of acquisition, amphetamine treatment produced a marked facilitation. A control group of amphetamine-treated Ss receiving explicitly unpaired presentations of the conditioned stimulus/stimuli (CS) and unconditioned stimulus/stimuli (UCS) failed to exceed spontaneous response rates throughout training. The failure of hippocampectomy to accelerate conditioning under an optimal ISI does not appear to be due to a ceiling effect. Rather, it is suggested that the response system is predisposed to conditioned responses of a given latency. Optimal ISIs may fall within this range. Thus, in short or long intervals, temporal aspects of the motor response must be adjusted to conform to the stimulus configuration. It appears that the hippocampus is a likely source of response modulation. Thus, loss of hippocampal input accelerates conditioning under nonoptimal intervals at the expense of proper timing. Conditioning under an optimal interval would occur at normal rates because no modulation is required. (19 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane over monoliths at short contact times

A specially designed tubular microreactor with independent control of feed preheat as well as catalyst temperature and allowing to rapidly quench reaction products was used to test performance of supported Pt-based monolithic catalysts in the reaction of propane oxidative dehydrogenation at short contact times. To minimize the impact of undesired homogeneous reactions capable of decreasing propylene selectivity, proprietary straight-channel thin-wall high cell density corundum micromonoliths were chosen as supports. Catalytic properties of supported platinum were modified by using promoters known as dehydrogenation catalysts (tin, zinc aluminate spinel, transition metal pyrophosphates) as well as by tuning reaction mixture composition (propane/oxygen ratio, water and hydrogen content). In the operation temperature range up to 900°C with contact times 0.03–0.1 s, ethylene/propylene selectivities were found to strongly depend upon the chemical composition of the active component and type of feed. The results thus obtained demonstrate that for Pt-based catalysts, propylene yield can be substantially improved by suppressing secondary reactions of deep oxidation and cracking.