Photo‐Stable Organic Thin‐Film Transistor Utilizing a New Indolocarbazole Derivative for Image Pixel and Logic Applications

Small molecule pentacene layer has been a representative among many organic thin‐film transistor (OTFT) channels with decent p‐type mobilities, but it is certainly light‐sensitive due to its relatively small highest occupied molecular orbital‐lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO‐LUMO) gap (1.85 eV). Although a few other small molecule‐based layers have been reported later, their photo‐stabilities or related device applications have hardly been addressed. Here, a new photostable organic layer is reported, heptazole (C₂₆H₁₆N₂), which has almost the same HOMO level as that of pentacene but with a higher HOMO‐LUMO gap (≈2.95 eV). This heptazole OTFT displays a decent mobility comparable to that of conventional amorphous Si TFTs, showing good photostability unlike pentacene OTFTs. An image pixel driving the photostable heptazole OTFT connected to a pentacene/Al Schottky photodiode is demonstrated. This heptazole OTFT also conveniently forms a logic inverter coupled with a pentacene OTFT, sharing Au for source/drain.     

Hierarchical Nanowire Arrays Based on ZnO Core−Layered Double Hydroxide Shell for Largely Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Well‐aligned hierarchical nanoarrays containing ZnO core and layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoplatelets shell have been synthesized via a facile electrosynthesis method. The resulting ZnO@CoNi–LDH core?shell nanoarray exhibits promising behavior in photoelectrochemical water splitting, giving rise to a largely enhanced photocurrent density as well as stability; much superior to those of ZnO‐based photoelectrodes. This is attributed to the successful integration of photogenerated electron–hole separation originating from the ZnO core and the excellent electrocatalytic activity of LDH shell. This work provides a facile and cost‐effective strategy for the fabrication of multifunctional nanoarrays with a hierarchical structure, which can be potentially used in energy storage and conversion devices.     

High‐Performance Dopamine Sensors Based on Whole‐Graphene Solution‐Gated Transistors

Solution‐gated graphene transistors with graphene as both channel and gate electrodes are fabricated for the first time and used as dopamine sensors with the detection limit down to 1 nM, which is three orders of magnitude better than that of conventional electrochemical measurements. The sensing mechanism is attributed to the change of effective gate voltage applied on the transistors induced by the electro‐oxidation of dopamine at the graphene gate electrodes. The interference from glucose, uric acid, and ascorbic acid on the dopamine sensor is characterized. The selectivity of the dopamine sensor is dramatically improved by modifying the gate electrode with a thin Nafion film by solution process. This work paves the way for developing many other biosensors based on the solution‐gated graphene transistors by specifically functionalizing the gate electrodes. Because the devices are mainly made of graphene, they are potentially low cost and ideal for high‐density integration as multifunctional sensor arrays.     

Hierarchical NiMn Layered Double Hydroxide/Carbon Nanotubes Architecture with Superb Energy Density for Flexible Supercapacitors

A hierarchical nanostructure composed of NiMn‐layered double hydroxide (NiMn‐LDH) microcrystals grafted on carbon nanotube (CNT) backbone is constructed by an in situ growth route, which exhibits superior supercapacitive performance. The resulting composite material (NiMn‐LDH/CNT) displays a three‐dimensional architecture with tunable Ni/Mn ratio, well‐defined core‐shell configuration, and enlarged surface area. An electrochemical investigation shows that the Ni₃Mn₁‐LDH/CNT electrode is rather active, which delivers a maximum specific capacitance of 2960 F g^–1 (at 1.5 A g^–1), excellent rate capability (79.5% retention at 30 A g^–1), and cyclic stability. Moreover, an all‐solid‐state asymmetric supercapacitor (SC) with good flexibility is fabricated by using the NiMn‐LDH/CNT film and reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/CNT film as the positive and negative electrode, respectively, exhibiting a wide cell voltage of 1.7 V and largely enhanced energy density up to 88.3 Wh kg^–1 (based on the total weight of the device). By virtue of the high‐capacity of pseudocapacitive hydroxides and desirable conductivity of carbon‐based materials, the monolithic design demonstrated in this work provides a promising approach for the development of flexible energy storage systems.     

Three‐Dimensional Branched Nanowire Heterostructures as Efficient Light‐Extraction Layer in Light‐Emitting Diodes

A facile method to fabricate three‐dimensional branched ZnO/MgO nanowire heterostructures and their application as the efficient light‐extraction layer in light‐emitting diodes are reported. The branched MgO nanowires are produced on the hydrothermally‐grown ZnO nanowires with a small tapering angle towards the tip (≈6°), by the oblique angle flux incidence of MgO. The structural evolution during the growth verifies the formation of the MgO nanoscale islands with strong (111) preferred orientation on very thin (5–7 nm) MgO (110) layer. The MgO nanobranches, then grown on the islands, are polycrystalline consisting of many grains oriented in specific directions of <200> and <220>, supported by the nucleation theory. The LEDs with the branched ZnO/MgO nanowire arrays show a remarkable enhancement in the light output power by 21% compared with that of LEDs with pristine ZnO nanowires. Theoretical calculations using a finite‐difference time‐domain method reveal that the nanostructure is very effective in breaking the wave‐guiding mode inside the ZnO nanowires, extracting more light especially in radial direction through the MgO nanobranches.     

采用温控镂空发热网的热像仪与3D激光雷达配准

在热像仪与3D 激光雷达组合感知系统上,对基于特征点的配准问题进行了研究遥结合热像仪与3D 激光雷达的工作特性,设计制作了温控镂空发热网配准靶,可同时为热像仪与3D 激光雷达提供特征点遥红外图像特征点使用Harris 角点探测器进行采集曰为减小混合像素和激光点稀疏的影响,对配准靶平面进行了拟合并对点云进行了配准平面符合度检查,确定了深度图边缘曰使用计算角点附近深度边缘均值的方法提取深度特征点坐标,并对坐标进行了修正曰最后使用NMSM-EM 优化方法对配准结果进行了优化遥基于以上研究成果,使组合感知系统能够在微光条件下完成对移动机器人行驶环境的感知遥     

能效与资源优化的超蜂窝移动通信系统基础研究

移动通信网的发展正面临以受限的频谱与能量大幅度提高网络容量的严峻挑战,需要从系统和网络的角度探索频谱与能量的高效利用机理与方法.提出一种全新的超蜂窝体系架构,将网络中的控制信令与业务数据传输在覆盖上进行适度分离,实现资源与业务的弹性匹配,联合优化频谱和能量效率,满足未来移动通信网大容量和低能耗的双重需求.分别介绍了超蜂窝体系架构下的网络能效理论、高能效的传输与网络协作、业务建模与高能效服务,最后给出了超蜂窝系统的演示验证平台.     

金属膜对单介质板太赫兹波导传输特性的影响

理论分析了对称金属薄膜镀层对厚单介质板太赫兹波导TM模传输特性的影响,发现镀膜前后TM模损耗相差巨大,并且随太赫兹频率的增加TM模损耗差异会更大。对低损耗厚单介质板,金属膜对TM模损耗的影响不可忽视。进一步研究了镀膜对TM模模场分布的影响,发现镀膜前后厚单介质板内TM模模场分布显著不同。     

联合低秩与稀疏先验的高光谱图像压缩感知重建

本文建立了一种新的高光谱图像压缩感知重建模型,编码端采用块对角的Noiselet测量矩阵对每一谱带进行独立采样,解码端首先建立高光谱图像低秩稀疏表示模型,分解为低秩与稀疏成分,并对低秩成分在空间维进行稀疏分解,进而构建联合谱间低秩性先验与谱内空间稀疏性先验的凸优化重建模型,并提出模型求解的增广拉格朗日乘子迭代算法,通过引入辅助变量与线性化技巧,使得每一子问题均存在解析解,降低了模型求解的复杂度。实验结果验证了本文模型及其算法的有效性。     

分光计最小偏向角法测量方案及其误差产生原因与改进

本文介绍了使用分光计测量三棱镜折射率的实验原理,分析了在传统的分光计测量最小偏向角的方法中,还存在着一些不足之处,导致测量结果误差较大,并介绍了一种减小分光计最小偏向角测量误差的改进的实验方法,进而对该方法进行了较详实的分析和介绍。