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991.
Martin Sulzmann Kenny Zhuo Ming Lu 《Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science》2006,148(2):239
We consider the problem of integrating XDuce into ML. This is difficult because of incompatible type and value representations. Our solution is a type-driven translation scheme from XDuce to ML based on a structured representation of XDuce values. XDuce type inference guides the insertion of appropriate coercion functions to translate regular expression pattern matching and uses of semantic subtyping. We can extend our translation scheme to include ML function calls and patterns into XDuce. Thus, we can embed XDuce into ML. Our results allow to enrich the ML language with support for dealing with semi-structured data. 相似文献
992.
Marielle Montginoul 《Water Resources Management》2007,21(5):861-871
This paper presents the results of a 2003 national survey of urban water pricing structure implemented by 429 district level
water utilities. After providing some background elements on the diversity of existing water pricing structures, the paper
shows how each structure can be used to achieve different management objectives (water allocation efficiency, costs recovery,
and equity). It then describes the structures adopted by French water utilities, showing that flat rate are rarely adopted;
declining blocks frequently used; and increasing blocks pricing which should be used to promote water use efficiency remain
extremely rare. A statistical clustering is then conducted and a typology of situations elaborated. The paper concludes with
highlighting that current pricing structures are influenced by past practices and that the dominant objective of water utilities
is to cover costs. 相似文献
993.
吉林油田浅层定向井、浅层水平井举升工艺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
浅层定向井、浅层水平井是近两年来吉林油田为解决受地面条件限制无法正常钻井问题而采取的一项技术措施。井眼条件的限制给正常举升工作带来极大的挑战。目前各种举升技术的应用仍集中于直井及直斜井,对于定向井、水平井特别是浅层定向井、浅层水平井无论是设计理论还是现场应用,仍处于摸索试验中。为此,针对吉林油田部分地区所面临的浅层定向井、浅层水平井有效举升实际需求,通过对浅层定向井、浅层水平井举升核心防磨设计思路的探讨,从偏磨产生的机理、磨损程度影响因素分析入手,提出了改善杆管间受力及降低偏磨程度的基本技术对策,采取以优化扶正器设计、应用玻璃衬里油管为主的防磨措施。现场应用表明,浅层定向井、浅层水平井的举升是可行的。 相似文献
994.
Bong-Un Lee Hwa-Suk Oh Ja-Young Kang 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2007,21(3):436-447
The geometric singularity problem is one of principal difficulty when using single-gimbal control moment gyros as spacecraft
attitude control devices. To overcome singularity, new steering logics are suggested in this paper which results in a reduction
in the difficulty of generating gimbal rates around a singular state. One of the suggested steering laws presented is the
reduced dimensional singular value decomposition steering law, which adopts the singular value decomposition in reduced dimensional
forms. Two other steering laws make use of the least square method in reduced dimensional forms. All of the suggested steering
laws have been generated for the compensation of the torque insufficiency. These logics are verified mathematically and simulations
at a singular condition and non-singular condition are performed to see how well they work. 相似文献
995.
湖南省江垭大坝10号坝段由于温度变化影响及该坝段坝型狭高,出现了两条内裂缝和不密实混凝土所构成的渗水通道.经过前期勘探后,在采取了有效的安全监测措施下,运用了化学灌浆和超细水泥灌浆进行了加固处理,灌区混凝土体疏松区与裂缝得到了有效充填,混凝土体完整性得到了很大改善,经压水试验检查完全满足预期要求,达到了加固处理的目的. 相似文献
996.
997.
Use of climate scenarios to aid in decision analysis for interannual water supply planning 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This work addresses the issue of climate change in the context of water resource planning on the time scale of a few years.
Planning on this time scale generally ignores the role of climate change. However, where the climate of a region has already
shifted, the use of historical data for planning purposes may be misleading. In order to test this, a case study is conducted
for a region, the Australian Capital Territory, where long term drought is raising concerns of a possible climate shift. The
issue is cast in terms of a particular planning decision; the option to augment water supply in the next few years to hedge
against the drought persisting. A set of climate scenarios are constructed for the region corresponding to the historical
climate regime and to regimes where progressively greater levels of change are assumed to have already taken place (5%, 10%,
20% reductions in mean rainfall). Probabilities of the drought persisting are calculated for each of the scenarios. The results
show substantial increases in the probability of the drought persisting for even moderate reductions in mean rainfall. The
sensitivity of the decision to augment supply to the scenario results depends ultimately on the planners tolerable thresholds
for the probability of the drought persisting. The use of different scenarios enables planners to explore the sensitivity
of the decision in terms of their risk tolerance to ongoing drought and to their degree of belief in each of the scenarios
tested. 相似文献
998.
Ram Devanathan William J. Weber 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》2007,59(4):32-35
The safe immobilization of nuclear waste in geological repositories is one of the major scientific challenges facing humanity
today. Crystalline ceramics hold the promise of locking up actinides from nuclear fuel and excess weapons plutonium in their
structure thereby isolating them from the environment. This paper presents the atomistic details of radiation damage in a
model ceramic, zircon. 相似文献
999.
ElectronmicroscopicobservationsandDNAchainfragmentationstudiesonapoptosisinbonetumorcelsinducedby153SmEDTMPZhuShouPeng,Xia... 相似文献
1000.
Kow Ming Chang Yuan Hung Chung Gin Ming Lin 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》2002,23(5):255-257
Studies the anomalous variations of the OFF-state leakage current (IOFF) in n-channel poly-Si thin-film transistors (TFTs) under static stress. The dominant mechanisms for the anomalous IOFF can be attributed to (1) IOFF increases due to channel hot electrons trapping at the gate oxide/channel interface and silicon grain boundaries and (2) IOFF decreases due to hot holes accumulated/trapped near the channel/bottom oxide interface near the source region. Under the stress of high drain bias, serious impact ionization effect will occur to generate hot electrons and hot holes near the drain region. Some of holes will be injected into the gate oxide due to the vertical field (~(V_Gstress V_Dstress)/T OX) near the drain and the others will be migrated from drain to source along the channel due to lateral electric field (~V_Dstress/LCH) 相似文献