Development of Fiber-Optic Voltage Sensors and Magnetic-Field Sensors

The principle, temperature characteristics, and frequency characteristics of fiber-optic voltage sensors and magnetic field sensors are reported, along with the results of an aging test on these sensors. The fiber-optic voltage sensor utilizes the "Pockels" effect of Bi12SiO20 single crystal and the fiber-optic magnetic-field sensor utilizes the "Faraday" effect of ZnSe polycrystal and Bi12SiO20 single crystal. The basic performance of these sensors has been investigated from the perspective of their use as parts in electrical apparatuses. In addition, in this paper some practical applications in electrical substations and transmission lines are presented. These include a fault section detecting system for gas insulated transmission line (GIL), an optical voltage transformer and optical current transformer which are embedded in gas insulated switchgear (GIS), and a surge voltage receiving system.     

Multivariable circle criteria for multiparameter singularlyperturbed systems

A direct approach to the Lur'e problem for singularly perturbed systems (SPS) is proposed. In contrast to previous results, the feedback connection between the linear and nonlinear parts of SPS is allowed to depend essentially on both the slow and the fast variables. The Lur'e problem for multiparameter SPS is studied by the same framework     

An elementary state space approach to RH optimal control

This paper presents a new elementary approach to the H-infinity optimal control problem. No knowledge about function spaces is needed to derive the solutions. Only a few results in linear system theory, some matrix manipulations and the classical Cauchy integral theorem are used.     

Activation of protein kinase C induces cortical granule exocytosis in a Ca(2+)-independent manner, but not the resumption of cell cycle in porcine eggs

N-Acetylneuraminic acid (1) is a common sugar in many biological recognition processes. Neuraminidase enzymes recognize and cleave terminal sialic acids from cell surfaces. Viral entry into host cells requires neuraminidase activity, thus inhibition of neuraminidase is a useful strategy for development of drugs for viral infections. A recent crystal structure for influenza viral neuraminidase with sialic acid bound shows that the sialic acid is in a boat conformation [Prot Struct Funct Genet 14: 327 (1992)]. Our studies seek to determine if structural pre-organization can be achieved through the use of sialyllactones. Determination of whether siallylactones are pre-organized in a binding conformation requires conformational analysis. Our inability to find a systematic study comparing the results obtained by various computational methods for carbohydrate modeling led us to compare two different conformational analysis techniques, four different force fields, and three different solvent models. The computational models were compared based on their ability to reproduce experimental coupling constants for sialic acid, sialyl-1,4-lactone, and sialyl-1,7-lactone derivatives. This study has shown that the MM3 forcefield using the implicit solvent model for water implemented in Macromodel best reproduces the experimental coupling constants. The low-energy conformations generated by this combination of computational methods are pre-organized toward conformations which fit well into the active site of neuraminidase.     

On a time-domain characterization of the numerator polynomials of the Smith McMillan form

A short and direct new proof is given to Moore and Silverman's theorem that the set of transmission polynomials of a linear system is equal to the set of numerator polynomials in the Smith McMillan form of its transfer function.