A systematic literature review for network intrusion detection system (IDS)

International Journal of Information Security - With the recent increase in internet usage, the number of important, sensitive, confidential individual and corporate data passing through internet...     

Modelling of the Boronizing Kinetics of Vanadis 6 Steel by the Integral Diffusion Model

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - In this work, the Vanadis 6 steel was subjected to the solid boronizing treatment in the range of 950–1050°C, and for the...     

Lysosomes Targeting pH Activable Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Agents

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry-based medical treatment combining light at a specific wavelength and a photosensitizer (PS) in the presence of oxygen. Application of PDT as a conventional treatment is limited and clearly the approval in clinics of new PS is challenging. The selective accumulation of the PS in the targeted malignant cells is of paramount importance to reduce the side effects that are typical of the current worldwide approved PS. Here we report a new series of aniline- and iodine-substituted BODIPY derivatives ( 1 – 3 ) as promising lysosome-targeting and pH-responsive theranostic PS, which displayed a significant in vitro light-induced cytotoxicity, efficient imaging properties and low dark toxicity (for 2 and 3 ). These compounds were obtained in few reproducible synthetic steps and good yields. Spectroscopic and electrochemical measurements along with computational calculations confirmed the quenching of the emissive properties of the PS, while both fluorescence and ¹O₂ emission were obtained only under acidic conditions inducing amine protonation. The pK_a values and pH-dependent emissive properties of 1 – 3 being established, their cellular uptake and activation in the lysosomal vesicles (pH≈4-5) were confirmed by their co-localization with the commercial LysoTracker deep red and light-induced cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ between 0.16 and 0.06 μM) against HeLa cancer cells.     

Chemical Synthesis of Organo-siloxene 2D Materials from Calcium Di-Silicide: Characterization,Dielectric and Electrochemical Studies

Silicon - Silicon is one of the most used materials in semiconductors and electronic devices. Its miniaturization in two-dimensional (2D) scale is now a great challenge to improve and/or extend its...     

First-principles investigations of structural,electronic and thermoelectric properties of β-Sb/GeI2 van der Waals heterostructures

Journal of Computational Electronics - Two-dimensional materials offer the potential to attain nanoscale optoelectronic and thermoelectric devices. In this paper, the electronic structure and...     

Second-harmonic generation and structural rearrangements in multicomponent antimonite glasses by electrothermal poling

Electrothermal poling is shown here to effectively induce second-order nonlinear effects in heavy-metal oxide antimonite glasses. In M₂O–PbO–WO₃–Sb₂O₃ (M = Li, Na, K) glasses, the poling-induced second-harmonic generation intensity is five times larger than in silica (Infrasil) for M = Na, twice as large as in silica for M = Li, and smaller than in silica for M = K. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that antimony ions exist predominantly in the trivalent oxidation state in the studied glass samples. Raman and infrared spectroscopy confirm that the glass network is comprised of SbO₃, WO₄, WO₆, and PbO₄ units—with some SiO₄ moieties due to leaching from the silica crucible. The WO₄ units appear to exist in two distinct sites, as evidenced by comparison of the vibrational spectra of alkali–tungsten–antimonite glasses with those of previously reported crystalline tungstate phases. The alkali type influences the equilibrium between tetrahedral tungstate anions, [WO₄]²⁻, and the isomeric partially polymerized octahedral tungstate units, [WØ₄O₂]²⁻ (Ø denotes a bridging oxygen). Raman spectroscopy line scans were used to track near-surface structural changes on the anode side of poled glasses. They reveal that the tungstate equilibrium is also affected by poling. At the anode side, the population of partially polymerized [WØ₄O₂]²⁻ species increases at the expense of anionic [WO₄]²⁻ species. This yields a net increase in the average bond length of the network forming constituents, which is commensurate with poling-induced structural changes observed in other systems experimentally and computationally.