Pseudocysts of the adrenal glands in newborn infants

With diagnostic aims the author used direct laryngeal tomography in patients with median stenosis of the larynx. Tomography made it possible to define the width of the lumen of the sumplica area. Depending on the change of the subplica area the author varied the extent of surgical intervention. He used the extralaryngeal method of vocal plica laterification in all patients. With narrow subglottis he practiced complete mobilization of the elastic cone and its subsequent laterification; with wide subglottis he mobilized only the uper edge of the elastic cone. He succeeded in obtaining good functional results concerning respiration in all patients.     

The discussion of diagnosis continues

In Slovenia accurate data on caries trends have not been available. Therefore, in this epidemiological study the caries status of 12-year-old children was compared over time for the years 1970, 1985 and 1991. Each survey comprised examinations of around 150 children of similar socio-economic background, attending the same three schools in Ljubljana. Dental examinations in each survey were carried out by the same examiner. The mean number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) decreased from 8.15 in 1970 to 2.96 in 1991 (64%) and the mean number of decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS) decreased from 17.25 in 1970 to 5.11 in 1991 (70%). The mean number of carious surfaces per tooth dropped from 2.12 in 1970 to 1.72 in 1991. The greatest decline occurred on the approximal surfaces (92%), whereas the involvement of occlusal, lingual and buccal surfaces decreased by about 50-60%. The difference between mean DMFT in 1970 and 1985 was statistically significant. Similar differences were found for DMFS (p < 0.05). In the future, a further reduction in caries level may be expected following the introduction of fissure sealing for the preschool and schoolchild population.     

Principal axes and surface fitting methods for three-dimensional image registration

We evaluated the effect of the image acquisition parameters on the accuracy of the principal axes and surface-fitting techniques for three-dimensional image registration. Using two types of phantom objects, MR brain image and a mathematically defined ellipsoid, we simulated pairs of scans with known acquisition parameters, including longitudinal coverage, magnitude of mis-registration, number of sections and section thickness. Both methods are sensitive to the systematic deformation of contours. The principal axes method is also sensitive to incomplete scan coverage and to the x-axis and y-axis misangulation. Both methods are insensitive to the number of sections, section thickness and the number of points per section. Surface fitting performed well without user supervision. There is no need for routine inclusion of the scaling factors as search parameters. The results confirm the feasibility of three-dimensional multimodality registration of brain scans with accuracy 1-2 mm, with surface fitting being the method of choice.     

The effect of nitrate and nitrite on the respiration and cytochrome system of Rhizobium lupini]

Chromosome replication has been analysed in four species of Chilocorus. In C. ORBUS Csy., C. tricyclus Smith, and C. hexacyclus Smith, centric regions of all chromosomes are last to replicate, preceded in order by heterochromatic arms and euchromatic arms. In C. stigma Say, very late replication of centric regions can be detected only in otherwise wholly euchromatic chromosomes (= monophasics); in chromosomes with one arm heterochromatic ( = disphasics), these arms are last to replicate. Based on pachytene bivalent morphology and chromosome banding patterns, and supported by autoradiographic data, models are presented for the general organisation of Chilocorus chromosomes. All chromosomes in the first three species are subdivided into euchromatic arm, centric heterochromatin, and either a second euchromatic are (monophasics) or a heterochromatic arm (diphasics). Chilocorus stigma diphasics apparently lack distinct centric organisation, and are therefore divided into euchromatic and heterochromatic arms only.