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排序方式: 共有617条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Abstract— We theoretically modeled the optical plasmon absorption of anisotropic metallic nanoparticles in a liquid‐crystal host medium. Metallic nanorods and spheroids act as pleochroic dopants with virtually unlimited photostability. Calculations predict that full‐color displays based on nanorod orientation driven by the transition from homogeneous to homeotropic LC alignment are feasible. These displays are expected to have large viewing angles without the need for polarizers or LC anchoring surfaces. 相似文献
32.
Hossein Saiedian Nabil Ghanem Jeyabarathi Natarajan 《Annals of Software Engineering》2002,13(1-4):71-96
The success of building distributed object systems depends on important factors such as architecture, the distributed object model (DOM) selected, and the process adapted in the selection of the DOM. There are a number of DOMs. Although the primary goals of these models are the same, each model has a unique underlying architecture, maturity, and features provided. A critical evaluation of DOMs is thus needed by those organizations that are considering migrating to distributed object computing. The evaluation process can be time-consuming and may drain organizational resources. Most of the current evaluation processes adopted by organizations are not generic enough, and they concentrate only on the problem on hand. Hence, they cannot be used by any other organization, sometimes not even a different project at the same organization. Therefore, a more generalized framework or template is required to evaluate DOMs. This paper proposes a framework to evaluate DOMs. A number of important managerial items such as cost, personnel, and technology resources, training, enterprise changes, and time constraints have been identified, explained, and justified as the evaluation criteria. An evaluation of the most widely used DOMs, CORBA, DCOM, and RMI, is provided using the above criteria. Finally, a case study of a production web-based system is presented to demonstrate the use of the framework. 相似文献
33.
In situ dynamic observations of the deformation and fracture characteristics of alpha/beta brass two-phase bicrystals were made by the solid diffusion method. The results indicated clearly that the crack initiation site was at the interface. The crack propagation direction, in both the alpha and beta phases, was found to be orientation dependent. Complementary experiments on alpha and beta brass single crystals confirmed the theories and results obtained previously on ductile single crystals.On leave from the Mechanical Engineering Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. 相似文献
34.
Drugs and other chemical compounds are often modeled as polygonal
shapes, where each vertex represents an atom
of the molecule, and covalent bonds between atoms are represented by edges between
the corresponding vertices. This polygonal shape derived from a chemical
compound is often called its molecular graph, and can be a
path, a tree, or in general a graph. An indicator defined over this molecular graph,
the Wiener index, has been shown to be strongly correlated to various
chemical properties of the compound.
The Wiener index conjecture for trees states that for any integer n (except for
a finite set), one can find a tree with Wiener index n.
This conjecture has been open for quite some time, and many authors have presented incremental progress
on this problem. In this paper we present further progress towards proving this conjecture—through
the design of efficient algorithms, we show that enumerating all possible
trees to verify this conjecture (as done by all the previous approaches) is not necessary,
but instead searching in a small special family
of trees suffices, thus achieving the first polynomial (in n) time algorithm to verify the
conjecture up to integer n.
More precisely, we
(i) present an infinite family of trees and prove various properties of these trees,
(ii) show that a large number of integers, up to at least 108
(compared with the previous best 104) are representable as Wiener indices of trees in this
succinct family,
(iii) provide several efficient algorithms for computing trees with given Wiener indices, and
(iv) implement our algorithms and experimentally show that their performance is asymptotically
much better than their theoretical worst-case upper bound. 相似文献
35.
Ossama Nazih Nabil Benamar Mohamed Younis 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2020,33(9)
Opportunistic networking enables users to communicate in an environment where connectivity is intermittent or unstable. However, such networking scheme assumes that mobile nodes voluntary cooperate, which cannot be guaranteed. Some nodes can simply exhibit selfish behavior and thus diminish the effectiveness of the approach. In this paper, a game scenario is formulated in which the nodes try to convince each other to participate in packets forwarding. Each node is considered as a player in this game. When a node comes in the communication range of another, a bargaining game starts between them as part of the message forwarding process. Both players try to have a mutual agreement on a price for message forwarding. We present a new incentive mechanism called evolutionary bargaining‐based incentive scheme (EBIS) to motivate selfish nodes to cooperate in data forwarding. In EBIS, a node negotiates with other nodes to obtain an agreeable amount of credit for its forwarding service. Nodes apply a sequential bargaining game and then adapt their strategies using an evolutionary model to maximize the probability of reaching an agreement. Unlike classical bargaining games, nodes in our model are boundedly rational. In addition, we use the evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) concept to determine the adaptive strategies for the nodes. The comparison of EBIS with a benchmarked model demonstrates that EBIS performs better in terms of packet delivery ratio and average latency. 相似文献
36.
Atef Rebhi Thabet Makhlouf Yannick Champion Jean-Philippe Couzinié Nabil Njah 《Journal of Materials Science》2011,46(7):2185-2193
Microstructure evolution of 99.1% aluminum after equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) and subsequent heat-treatment was
investigated. After deformation the samples were annealed at different temperatures. The deformed and annealed states were
characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and microhardness tests. It was shown that
the observed microstructure changes during subsequent annealing have to be associated with recovery and cells formation. The
initial stages of recovery were investigated using weak-beam technique. The microstructure obtained after annealing for 1 h
at 100 °C consists of some arrangements of the dislocations into sub-grain boundaries within the wide preexisting grains.
Annealing at 300 °C led to the appearance of a duplex microstructure consisting of bands of slightly coarsened grains associated
with refined grains. No growth of dislocation cells was observed up to 400 °C. In XRD measurements, the lattice parameter
increase with subsequent heating. This indicates a continuous grain growth during annealing. This is due to the important
increase of coherency length, D observed parallel to a substantial decrease of rms-strain, ε. 相似文献
37.
Nabil A. Khabbaz 《Acta Informatica》1974,4(1):77-85
Summary This paper defines a hierarchy of languages which is properly contained in the context sensitive languages and which starts with the context free family. The hierarchy is defined inductively by controlling labeled linear grammars with languages in one family to yield languages in the next larger family. The families of the hierarchy have properties analogous to those of the context free family, in particular, the new mechanism introduced is very suitable for parsing.A language in the n-th family is specified by a sequence of n — 1 labeled linear grammars and a context free grammar. By assuming that the reversals of the first n — 1 grammars and the last labeled linear grammar are precedence grammars, the concepts and parsing algorithm of Wirth and Weber extend to yield a parsing algorithm within the hierarchy. This considerably enhances the usefulness of the construction and allows much of the power of the context sensitive languages to become accessible in measured amounts for potential programming applications. 相似文献
38.
Modeling and Analysis of Workflows Using Petri Nets 总被引:37,自引:0,他引:37
Nabil R. Adam Vijayalakshmi Atluri Wei-Kuang Huang 《Journal of Intelligent Information Systems》1998,10(2):131-158
A workflow system, in its general form, is basically a heterogeneous and distributed information system where the tasks are performed using autonomous systems. Resources, such as databases, labor, etc. are typically required to process these tasks. Prerequisite to the execution of a task is a set of constraints that reflect the applicable business rules and user requirements.In this paper we present a Petri Net (PN) based framework that (1) facilitates specification of workflow applications, (2) serves as a powerful tool for modeling the system under study at a conceptual level, (3) allows for a smooth transition from the conceptual level to a testbed implementation and (4) enables the analysis, simulation and validation of the system under study before proceeding to implementation. Specifically, we consider three categories of task dependencies: control flow, value and external (temporal).We identify several structural properties of PN and demonstrate their use for conducting the following type of analyses: (1) identify inconsistent dependency specifications among tasks; (2) test for workflow safety, i.e. test whether the workflow terminates in an acceptable state; (3) for a given starting time, test whether it is feasible to execute a workflow with the specified temporal constraints. We also provide an implementation for conducting the above analyses. 相似文献
39.
The effect of nano-sized PbO (10–30 nm) addition on the transport critical current density, Jc of (Bi1.6Pb0.4)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (PbO)x (x=0–0.15 wt%) was investigated. Jc of PbO added pellet samples showed the maximal value at x=0.05 wt%. Using this result, Ag-sheathed (Bi1.6Pb0.4)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (PbO)x/Ag tapes (x=0 and 0.05 wt %) were fabricated by the powder-in-tube (PIT) method. The tapes were sintered for 50 h and 100 h at 845 °C. The temperature dependence of Jc for the non-added and PbO added tapes in applied field was investigated. Jc of the non-added tapes was 4510 A/cm2 at 40 K and 949 A/cm2 at 77 K. Jc of (Bi1.6Pb0.4)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (PbO)0.05/Ag tape sintered for 100 h was 26,800 A/cm2 at 40 K and 10,700 A/cm2 at 40 K, which was higher than the tapes sintered for 50 h (8590 A/cm2 at 40 K and 1880 A/cm2 at 77 K). Nano-sized PbO added tapes sintered for 100 h showed a higher Jc (more than 10 times) under magnetic field (0–0.75 T) compared with the non-added tape. A combined effect of enhanced flux pinning and improved microstructure led to the significant increase in Jc of the nano-sized PbO added tapes. 相似文献
40.
Fat-Halla Nabil Takasugi Takayuki Izumi Osamu 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》1979,10(9):1341-1349
The deformation up to fracture at 150 K was undertaken on α-β brass two-phase bicrystals. The variation of the slip systems
during the proceeding deformation was studied and explained on the basis of incompatible stresses. The normal stress-strain
curves were analyzed for various types of bicrystals and the bending that appeared in the specimens when unloaded was explained
with respect to the occurrence of the Bauschinger effect in the α phase. Fracture modes other than those observed at room
temperature were present. The results, and other minor problems, were discussed. 相似文献