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61.
Mehdi Tarkhani Seyyed Abbas Mousavi Mahdieh Asadollahi Dariush Bastani Fatemeh Pourasad 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2023,63(3):986-1000
This study aims to investigate polysulfone (PSF) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) properties containing zirconium-based and titanium-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). for hemodialysis application. The nanoparticles were synthesized, and the membranes were produced by the phase inversion method. Membrane characterization conducted by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), field emission Scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed the presence of MOF nanoparticles. Also, the evaluation of the specific surface area of nanoparticles was done by BET. The water contact angle reduced from 64.4° to 51.2°, indicating the hydrophilicity improvement, enhancing the pure water flux from 46.8 L/m2h for the pristine membrane to 76.7 L/m2h for the pristine membrane M4. The total fouling resistance decreased from 30% to 21%, and the bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption of modified membranes was lower than that of the pristine membrane. Urea and creatinine were cleared significantly for modified ones, up to 82.6% and 72.1%, respectively, and all membranes showed BSA retention of more than 93%. A comparison between MMMs that contained UIO-66-NH2 and MIL-125-NH2 showed that the former had a better effect on the performance. M4 had better results, indicating high water flux, the lowest fouling resistance, high porosity, lower BSA adsorption, proper clearance for urea and creatinine, and 94.2% BSA retention. 相似文献
62.
H. A. Mannan H. Mukhtar T. Murugesan R. Nasir D. F. Mohshim A. Mushtaq 《化学工程与技术》2013,36(11):1838-1846
Polymeric membranes are extensively used for gas separations but their performance is limited by the upper bound trade‐off discovered by Robeson in 1991. Among the attractive modifications available to increase the performance of polymeric membranes, polymer blending is a unique technique because it offers a time‐ and cost‐effective method of tuning the properties of membranes. A variety of polymer blends has been explored in recent years. The application of polymer blends in gas separation membranes is described by critically analyzing the performance of polymer blend membranes. Polymer blend membranes of different polymer pairs are reviewed and evaluated in terms of phase behavior, permeability, and selectivity. 相似文献
63.
This paper analysed the performance of a membrane system over key design/operation parameters. A computation methodology is developed to solve the model of hollow fibre membrane systems for multicomponent gas feeds. The model represented by a nonlinear differential algebraic equation system is solved via a combination of backward differentiation and Gauss–Seidel methods. Natural gas sweetening problem is investigated as a case study. Model parametric analyses of variables, namely feed gas quality, pressure, area, selectivity and permeance, resulted in better understanding of operating and design optima. Particularly, high selectivities and/or permeabilities are shown not to be necessary targets for optimal operation. Rather, a medium selectivity (<60 in the given example) combined with medium permeance (∼300–500 × 10−10 mol/s m2 Pa in the given case study) is more advantageous. This model-based membrane systems engineering approach is proposed for the synthesis of efficient and cost-effective multi-stage membrane networks. 相似文献
64.
Nano sized polycrystalline soft ferrite particles with composition Cu1−xCoxFe2O4 (x =0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9) were synthesized by the sol–gel technique. The existence of well-defined single cubic spinel structure was confirmed in all the samples by X-ray diffraction. The crystallite size found by XRD varied from 14.8 to 34.0 nm. The microstructure was also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Slight expansion of the unit cell was detected with the increase of Cobalt concentration, which may be attributed due to larger ionic radius of Co2+. Lattice parameter ranged from 8.34 Å to 8.37 Å for Co2+ from 0.1–0.9. The distribution of cations amongst A- and B-sites of the lattice was estimated by X-ray diffraction by using the R-factor technique. The results showed that both Cu2+ and Co2+ ions occupy mainly the B-site while Fe3+ ions were equally distributed among A- and B-sites. The data obtained from cation distribution analysis was used to determine the magnetic moment for each sample and VSM studies were also carried out to validate these calculations. Magnetic measurements showed that the saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity (Hc) increased with increasing cobalt content. 相似文献
65.
Abbas Hodroj Patrick Simon Pierre Florian Marie‐Hélène Chopinet Yann Vaills 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2013,96(8):2454-2460
The morphological and structural properties of sodium silicate (Na2O–SiO2) glasses were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and light scattering following thermal treatments. AFM observations indicated that the glass surface microstructure evolves during the phase separation mechanisms from continuous interpenetrating phases in the spinodal decomposition process to separated droplets embedded in a continuous matrix for the nucleation/growth one. Raman mapping gave evidence of a phase separation through the nucleation/growth process with formation of silica‐rich clusters characterized by higher polymerization degree as separate droplets. The variations in inhomogeneities versus temperature investigated by Brillouin are exponential for spinodal decomposition and linear in the case of nucleation/growth mechanism. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to investigate the spatial distribution of the various Qn species present in thermally treated glasses and allows determining fractal dimension between two and three. 相似文献
66.
AbstractIn this study, chitosan was chemically modified with only diammonium phosphate (DAP) and DAP/EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) mixture for the removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. Modified chitosan forms were analyzed using thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the thermal degradation behavior, structural modifications, and the surface texture of the cross-linked chitosan adsorbents, respectively. The adsorption results were analyzed by well-known kinetic and isotherm models. The kinetics of metal adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum sorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir isotherm model were 126?mg/g for diammonium phosphate-modified Chitosan (DMC) and 137?mg/g for DAP/EDTA-modified chitosan (EDMC). The thermodynamic analysis showed that the metal removal process was endothermic in nature. 相似文献
67.
Muhammad Saif Ullah Khan Zareen Akhter Touseef Naz Arshad Saleem Bhatti Humaira M Siddiqi Mohammad Siddiq Abbas Khan 《Polymer International》2013,62(2):319-334
Some novel ferrocene‐containing polyamide‐based block copolymer materials with telechelic polydimethylsiloxane oligomer and their organic analogues were prepared by solution‐phase polycondensation of ferrocene‐based organometallic and terephthaloyl‐ as well as isophthaloyl‐based organic acyl chlorides with a series of semi‐aromatic diamines having ether linkages together with variable aliphatic character. The corresponding polyamides of the synthesized materials, without polydimethylsiloxane segment, were also prepared for comparison of physicochemical properties. None of the synthesized organometallic and organic block copolymers along with their respective polyamides melted below 300 °C and their structural features were confirmed by their physical properties and spectroscopic studies. The weight‐average molecular weights and molecular parameters of all these materials were determined by the static laser light scattering technique. The materials were soluble in sulfuric acid and partially soluble in common organic solvents, and yet became readily soluble upon N‐trifluoroacetylation. The synthesized materials were further characterized by their water absorption characteristics, X‐ray diffraction studies and surface morphology (SEM and AFM) and thermal (DSC and TG) analyses, and their structure–property relationships were elucidated from these studies. The energies of pyrolysis for these materials were calculated by the Horowitz and Metzger method. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
68.
Genome-Wide Investigation of Multifocal and Unifocal Prostate Cancer—Are They Genetically Different?
Chinyere Ibeawuchi Hartmut Schmidt Reinhard Voss Ulf Titze Mahmoud Abbas Joerg Neumann Elke Eltze Agnes Marije Hoogland Guido Jenster Burkhard Brandt Axel Semjonow 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(6):11816-11829
Prostate cancer is widely observed to be biologically heterogeneous. Its heterogeneity is manifested histologically as multifocal prostate cancer, which is observed more frequently than unifocal prostate cancer. The clinical and prognostic significance of either focal cancer type is not fully established. To investigate prostate cancer heterogeneity, the genetic profiles of multifocal and unifocal prostate cancers were compared. Here, we report observations deduced from tumor-tumor comparison of copy number alteration data of both focal categories. Forty-one fresh frozen prostate cancer foci from 14 multifocal prostate cancers and eight unifocal prostate cancers were subjected to copy number variation analysis with the Affymetrix SNP 6.0 microarray tool. With the investigated cases, tumors obtained from a single prostate exhibited different genetic profiles of variable degrees. Further comparison identified no distinct genetic pattern or signatures specific to multifocal or unifocal prostate cancer. Our findings suggest that samples obtained from multiple sites of a single unifocal prostate cancer show as much genetic heterogeneity and variability as separate tumors obtained from a single multifocal prostate cancer. 相似文献
69.
Soheila Kafian Abbas Sadeghzadeh-Attar 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2022,19(6):3347-3357
In an attempt to develop nanostructured photocatalysts with high performance, SrTiO3/Ag3PO4 hetero-nanostructures were successfully fabricated. The formed binary heterojunctions were composed of SrTiO3 nanotubes prepared using liquid-phase deposition, and Ag3PO4 nanoparticles prepared using a sol–gel method. Synthesis details, including morphology, structure, and optical properties of the prepared photocatalysts, were characterized and comparatively discussed. The results showed that at an optimal ratio of SrTiO3 to Ag3PO4 (20–80), the photocatalytic degradation of Basic Blue 41 under 80-min visible light irradiation is the maximum amount of 99%, which is about 4.4 and 1.5 times higher than that of pristine SrTiO3 nanorods and Ag3PO4 nanoparticles, respectively. It can be due to the synergistic effect of two materials that provide high light absorption and charge carriers’ separation. Finally, a detailed possible mechanism for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of the SrTiO3/Ag3PO4 hetero-nanostructures was proposed. 相似文献
70.
Thermodynamic Equilibrium Analysis of Propane Dehydrogenation with Carbon Dioxide and Side Reactions
Farnaz Tahriri Zangeneh Abbas Taeb Khodayar Gholivand Saeed Sahebdelfar 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2016,203(4):557-565
A thermodynamic analysis of propane dehydrogenation with carbon dioxide was performed using constrained Gibbs free energy minimization method. Different reaction networks corresponding to different catalytic systems, including non-redox and redox oxide catalysts, were simulated. The influences of CO2/C3H8 molar ratio (1–10), temperature (700–1000 K), and pressure (0.5–5 bar) on equilibrium conversion and product composition were studied. In the presence of CO2 with a molar ratio of CO2/C3H8 = 1, the temperature of dehydrogenation can be 30 K lower than that of dehydrogenation in the presence of steam (H2O/C3H8 = 1) and about 50 K lower than that of simple dehydrogenation without dilution to achieve 60% propane conversion. It was found that the occurrence of dry reforming of propane and coke-forming side reactions could strongly impact the equilibrium product composition of the multireaction system and, therefore, these reactions should be kinetically controlled. Comparison of the simulated reactant conversions with those reported in the literatures revealed that the experimental conversion levels of propane are far below the corresponding equilibrium values due to rapid catalyst deactivation by coke, implying that research efforts should be directed toward formulation of more active and selective catalysts. 相似文献