Specificity of Ubiquitin-Binding Proteins: Recognition of Different Faces of Ubiquitin

To further understand ubiquitin-binding proteins, we have developed a panel of monoubiquitin affinity resins linked through six different positions: residues 6, 11, 29, 48, 63, and 76. Each resin bound a different subset of yeast proteins. MALDI-TOF MS analysis of the eluted proteins identified several of these proteins. Adding excess free ubiquitin competes for the binding of specific ubiquitin-binding proteins. Thus, putative monoubiquitin-binding proteins could be identified by this method. Analysis of yeast protein with this panel of resins demonstrates clear differences in the protein-binding pattern, depending on what ubiquitin residue is coupled to the resin. The results suggested that certain proteins show a preference for binding to different faces of ubiquitin. Sap185, an effector of the Sit4 protein phosphatase, has been identified as a putative ubiquitin-binding protein that binds to a face of ubiquitin other than that containing the hydrophobic patch. The combined affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry approach is a powerful tool for identifying ubiquitin-binding proteins.     

Tools: An environment for time-shared computing and programming

The Yale Tools environment provides integrated modern computing facilities to a mixed group of programmers and users on time-shared machines. Hundreds of people use the environment every day for systems and applications programming, word-processing and university business. The success of the environment is in its integration and engineering detail. Building such a system without a high-level language and a run-time library would have been impossible.     

Stability of the centred finite difference scheme for the three-dimensional equations of elastodynamics

The displacement equations of motion for elastodynamics in 3 space dimensions are approximated by difference equations using 2nd order centred finite differences in space and time. The stability criterion of the difference scheme without boundary conditions is taken to be that condition on the ratio of step sizes which prevents the growth of an arbitray disturbance, and it requures the ratio of time step size to the space grid size to be less than a certain function of the ratio of the shear wave speed to the compressional wave speed. For this ratio less than 0.5, the condition is more stringent than that obtained by a simple extension from the two-dimensional case.     

Development and validation of revisions in the Counselor Rating Form.

A Counselor Rating Form–Short Version (CRF-S) was developed and tested with 133 undergraduates in a replication of A. Bank and M. B. LaCrosse's (1975) procedure and with 155 clients receiving outpatient treatment. Results indicate that the reliabilities of scales in the CRF-S were comparable to those for the longer CRF. Factor analytic comparison of 5 theoretical models showed that the structure of ratings was best explained by 3 correlated factors corresponding to the Attractiveness, Expertness and Trustworthiness scales. Mediating effects for client individual and treatment differences were also revealed. (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effectiveness of a psychoeducational approach to HIV risk behavior reduction.

The effectiveness of a psychoeducational treatment program for reducing high-risk HIV transmission behaviors was compared with that of an information only group evaluated in a sample of 127 inpatients (aged 22–62 yrs), mostly African-American, on a drug abuse treatment unit. Both treatments were effective in increasing factual knowledge about AIDS, proficiency at demonstrating correct procedures for needle cleaning and condom use, and perceived susceptibility to and response efficacy for avoiding HIV infection. At posttreatment, Ss in the psychoeducation condition obtained higher scores on the condom demonstration test; however, at 1-mo follow-up, the performance of both groups on this test was equivalent. In terms of HIV knowledge, the psychoeducation group was superior at follow-up, but not at posttreatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Autombile bumper standoff and collision repair cost

Measurements were made on thirty-six 1977–1980 cars concerning the relative placement of certain components known to exhibit high collision repair cost. The intention was to help identify car features that increase collision repair cost. The measurements were developed from a concept termed BUMPER STANDOFF, defined as the shortest head-on distance from the bumper (either the inner edge, or the reference barrier placed at the outer edge, perpendicular to the car's longitudinal axis, depending on the component distance being measured) to specific components exhibiting high repair cost or frequency. High correlations in the range of r = 0.47–0.82 (p < 0.05-< 0.01) were found between the front fender standoff distance and headlamp standoff distance vs. claim cost and claim frequency. The first structure likely to be impacted for our overall sample in a simple head-on collision, after the bumper, was the headlamp(s), front fender, hood, or grille, with correlations between 0.48 and 1.00 (p < 0.05-0.00). The front fender was singled out among the subcompacts, while the grille predominated for the compacts and intermediates (r = 1.000, p = 0). Results from these laboratory measurements are essentially in agreement with those results obtained from actual crashes in other studies. That is, they all share very high damage frequency and claim or repair cost rankings for the front fender and headlamp(s). Likewise, measurements relating to the first structure impacted, after the bumper, hold promise as predictors of component damage frequency and claim frequency, in relation to headlamp, front fender, and possibily hood and grille measurements. Bumper standoff measurements are proposed as useful indications of a passenger car's damageability in low speed collisions.