Scientometric analysis of literature on distributed vehicular networks : VOSViewer visualization techniques

Artificial Intelligence Review - The idea of vehicular communication has evolved dramatically over the past two decades apparently with technological advancements that accord low power and memory...     

G-C3N4 nanosheets adhered with Ag3BiO3 and carbon dots with appreciably promoted photoactivity towards elimination of several contaminants

Herein, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (signified as CN-NS) were anchored with Ag₃BiO₃ and carbon dots (abbreviated as CDs) by hydrothermal procedure with appreciably promoted photoactivity towards elimination of several contaminants. The CN-NS/CDs/Ag₃BiO₃ (30%) system, as optimal photocatalyst, demonstrated extremely high elimination efficiency for several pollutants such as methylene blue (MB), malachite green (MG), Rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO) under visible light, which is 55.5, 36.5, 39.2, and 32.1 folds premier than CN material, respectively. Besides, PL, EIS, and transient photocurrent response data corroborated that the CN-NS/CDs/Ag₃BiO₃ (30%) material has the highest charge carriers segregation efficiency compared with the pure and binary systems. Energy band structure analysis demonstrated that the improved performance of CN-NS/CDs/Ag₃BiO₃ photocatalyst is allocated to Z-scheme heterojunction. Scavenging tests demonstrated that h⁺, ^?OH, and ^?O₂^? are the crucial species in the RhB degradation. Enhancement of elimination ability can be allocated to more generation of the charge carries and improvement of the segregation rate of them promoted through the Z-scheme mechanism.     

Incentive based scheme for improving data availability in vehicular ad-hoc networks

Vehicular networks are popular in recent years to provide low cost communication medium during mobility. Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are one of the major categories of emerging technology. DTNs work on carry and forward mechanism to deliver data to the destination. The network performance gets severely affected due to reluctance shown by selfish nodes where few nodes show no interest in forwarding others data due to lack of any personal profit. The proposed mechanism is based on coalition game theory and discusses about incentive based mechanism which provides incentive to nodes which are forwarding data to forward to destination and motivates other vehicles in the network to participate in coalition to forward data. This scheme not only encourages other selfish nodes to forward their private data and other nodes’ public data as early as possible to destination but also increases reliability in the network as more nodes show their interest in selected routing protocol. The proposed scheme outperforms in overall benefit earned by individual node and whole coalition, and increases mutual cooperation which improves availability of data in the network.     

Nitrate and fluoride contamination in groundwater of an intensively managed agroecosystem: A functional relationship

A study was conducted to assess the potential of nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N) and fluoride (F) contamination in drinking groundwater as a function of lithology, soil characteristics and agricultural activities in an intensively cultivated district in India. Two hundred and fifty two groundwater samples were collected at different depths from various types of wells and analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), NO₃-N load and F content. Database on lithology, soil properties, predominant cropping systems, fertilizer and pesticide uses were also recorded for the district. The NO₃-N load in groundwater samples were low ranging from 0.12 to 6.58 μg mL^− 1 with only 8.7% of them contained greater than 3.0 μg mL^− 1 well below the 10 μg mL^− 1, the threshold limit fixed by WHO for drinking purpose. Samples from the habitational areas showed higher NO₃-N content over the agricultural fields. The content decreased with increasing depth of wells (r = − 0.25, P ≤ 0.01) and increased with increasing rate of nitrogenous fertilizer application (r = 0.90, P ≤ 0.01) and was higher in areas where shallow- rather than deep-rooted crops (r = − 0.28, P = ≤ 0.01, with average root depth) are grown. The NO₃-N load also decreased with increasing bulk density (r = − 0.73, P ≤ 0.01) and clay content (r = − 0.51, P ≤ 0.01) but increased with increasing hydraulic conductivity (r = 0.68, P ≤ 0.01), organic C (r = 0.78, P ≤ 0.01) and potential plant available N (r = 0.82, P ≤ 0.01) of soils. Fluoride content in groundwater was also low (0.02 to 1.15 μg mL^− 1) with only 4.0% of them exceeding 1.0 μg mL^− 1 posing a potential threat of fluorosis. On average, its content varied little spatially and along depth of sampling aquifers indicating little occurrence of F containing rocks/minerals in the geology of the district. The content showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.234, P = ≤ 0.01) with the amount of phosphatic fertilizer (single super phosphate) used for agriculture. Results thus indicated that the groundwater of the study area is presently safe for drinking purpose but some anthropogenic activities associated with intensive cultivation had a positive influence on its loading with NO₃-N and F.     

Investigation of Silicon Carbide Based Optical Fiber Coupled Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

The performance parameter of a surface plasmon resonance sensor having silicon carbide as an additional layer is theoretically investigated. Using the transfer matrix method, the reflectivity and performance parameter in terms of sensitivity, detection accuracy and quality parameter have been calculated. To understand the dependency of sensitivity and detection accuracy in the proposed sensor, the model electric field, propagation length and penetration depth in aqueous media as well as the metal layer are calculated. It is observed that the sensitivity and detection accuracy of the proposed waveguide based sensor depend on the thickness of the silicon carbide layer. Therefore, by choosing a suitable value of thickness of the silicon carbide layer the overall performance of the proposed waveguide can be increased.     

A novel technique for generating desired vibrations in structure

A novel technique is presented for exciting desired transient vibrations in a structure. A cantilevered plate instrumented with piezoelectric sensor and actuator is used as a test-structure. Finite element model of the test-plate is developed using Hamilton's principle. Finite element model is reduced to first two modes using orthonormal modal truncation and then this reduced model is converted into a state-space model. Tracking optimal control is then employed to obtain desired transient curves simultaneously, of first two modes of vibration. Theoretical findings are verified by conducting experiments, for experimentation, Kalman observer is used to estimate first two modes and Labview software is used for interfacing. Presented strategy can be used to do dynamic vibration testing of a product by forcing the product to experience same transient vibrations that it is expected to experience in field.     

Escrow-Less Identity-Based Signature Scheme with Outsourced Protection in Cloud Computing

Wireless Personal Communications - The identity-based cryptosystem (IBC) outfits with the most beneficial key management procedures. The IBC is bounded to the small network system due to the...