Binary Controls on Interfacial Magnetism in Manganite Heterostructures

The complex interfacial correlations provide new routes toward tunable functionalities. Here, the wide range of tunabilities for magnetic properties are presented, including Curie temperature (from 245 to 320 K), coercive field (from 2 to 205 Oe), and saturated magnetic moment (from 0.9 to 2.8 µ_B Mn^?1), in a 9‐unit‐cell La_2/3Sr_1/3MnO₃ (LSMO) layer via modifying interfacial boundary conditions. Moreover, the LSMO/PbTiO₃‐based multilayers and superlattices that consist of PbTiO₃/LSMO/NdGaO₃ and PbTiO₃/LSMO/PbTiO₃ interfaces are characterized by two distinct Curie temperatures and coercive fields. The results reveal the feasibility of the interface‐resolved strategy based on boundary modification in fabricating potential devices with multiple accessible states for information storage. The wide‐range modulations on magnetic properties at LSMO/titanate interfaces are explained in terms of binary controls arising from the oxygen octahedral coupling (OOC) and magnetoelectric coupling (MEC). The results not only shed some light on understanding interfacial correlations in oxide heterostructures, but also pave an alternative path for exploring multiple accessible states in all‐oxide‐based electronic devices.     

Deposition of silver ions onto DBD and DCSBD plasma treated nonwoven polypropylene

The aim of this work is plasma activation of nonwoven polypropylene (PP) using two different ambient air plasma sources: volume dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge (DCSBD) and its functionalization by silver ion deposition.     

第四届宏宇奖助学金颁奖仪式举行

<正>本刊讯6月10日上午,景德镇陶瓷学院材料科学与工程学院第四届"宏宇奖助学金颁奖仪式"在景德镇陶瓷学院(湘湖校区)图书馆报告厅举行,广东宏宇集团副总经理欧家瑞、市场总监王勇,景德镇陶瓷学院院长江伟辉教授、校党委学工部部长王海波、教务处副处长吴晟、团委副书记常成玉、材料学     

Effect of Pretreatment on Carbon-Supported Au/TiO2 Catalysts for Preferential Oxidation of CO

The impact of thermal treatment at various preparation stages of carbon supported Au/TiO₂ catalysts prior to oxidation of CO in the presence and absence of hydrogen was studied. An increase in catalytic activity for thermally treated samples due to a more ordered structure of TiO₂ was observed. A reversible deactivation of the catalysts occurred in the absence of hydrogen. However, the activity was restored at preferential CO oxidation conditions in presence of hydrogen.     

Molecular Interactions in the Development of Brain Metastases

Brain metastases are a much-feared complication of cancer. The development of brain metastases requires a malignant cell to acquire characteristics that facilitate dissemination away from the primary site, entrance into the nervous system, and establishment in the brain. This review summarizes recent work focused on the molecular derangements leading to brain metastases and outlines areas in need of greater understanding.     

Defining a complex intervention: The development of demarcation criteria for “meditation”.

The authors used a 5-round Delphi study with a panel of 7 experts in meditation research to achieve agreement on a set of criteria for a working definition of “meditation” for use in a comprehensive systematic review of the therapeutic use of meditation. Participants agreed that essential to a meditation practice is its use of (a) a defined technique, (b) logic relaxation, and (c) a self-induced state. Participants also agreed that a meditation practice may (d) involve a state of psychophysical relaxation somewhere in the process; (e) use a self-focus skill or anchor; (f) involve an altered state/mode of consciousness, mystic experience, enlightenment or suspension of logical thought processes; (g) be embedded in a religious/spiritual/philosophical context; or (h) involve an experience of mental silence. The results of this study provide insight into the challenges faced by researchers who want to demarcate meditative practices from nonmeditative practices, and they describe an approach to this problem that may prove useful for researchers trying to operationalize meditation in the context of comparative research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Deodorization optimization of Camelina sativa oil: Oxidative and sensory studies

Camelina sativa oil (CO) is characterized by a high content (up to 40 wt %) of essential α‐linolenic acid and characteristic odour and flavour. Deodorization of highly unsaturated oils requires great attention as the refining process involves thermal treatment which affects oil integrity. In the present study RSM and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to optimize bench‐scale deodorization of CO. Mathematical models were generated through multiple regressions with backward elimination, describing the effects of process parameters (temperature, steam flow, time) on oil quality indicators [peroxide value (PV), p‐anisidine value (p‐AV), γ‐tocopherol (γ‐T) and oxidative stability (OS)]. Additionally, sensory evaluation was performed. RSM analysis showed a significant effect of deodorization temperature and to a lesser extent, deodorization steam flow and time on removal of oxidative compounds, flavour and odour. PCA of chemical and sensory results showed that deodorization temperature affected the sensory properties in the samples. The best conditions for removing undesirable flavour and odour were achieved by using a deodorization temperature of 195–210°C.     

Mechanochemistry of copper sulphides: phase interchanges during milling

Covellite, CuS and chalcocite, Cu₂S nanoparticles prepared in the explosive manner from elemental precursors were further ball-milled in order to observe additional changes caused by mechanical action. Three phases of chalcocite were interchanging during milling, monoclinic one being major at the equilibrium after 30 min. In the case of covellite synthesis, milling for 15 min brought about a significant diminishment in the content of digenite, Cu_1.8S, impurity. Covellite powder exhibited finer character than chalcocite, as documented by crystallite size, grain size and specific surface area analysis. Finally, the effect of milling speed on the explosive character of the reaction and phase composition of chalcocite was investigated. The most drastic conditions favored the formation of the monoclinic phase with the lowest symmetry and the time and intensity of the explosion was found to depend on the milling speed. The whole process is mechanically driven.