Analysis of nutritional transport through a capillary: Normal and stenosed

Presented herein are the studies of nutritional transport from capillary to tissues in normal and stenosed arteries. The model incorporates modified Casson's fluid representation for the blood and symmetric stenosis has been assumed at some distance from the entry. Assessment of the severity of the disease could be made possible through the variation of a parameter named as retention parameter. Nutritional flux at the capillary wall is affected by the growing stenosis and its variation has been observed through a decreasing trend of the retention parameter from 1 to 0. Results for local variation of viscosity contrary to Fahraeus-Lindquist effect have been explained. Symmetry of the distribution of the wall shearing stress and resistance to flow and their growth with the developing stenosis is another important feature of this analysis. Taylor diffusivity coefficient increases considerably with growing stenosis and the nutritional transport to the deeper cells of the tissue will naturally decrease.     

Review on recent advances of zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: Synthesis characterization and diverse applications

Researchers have taken a prodigious consideration in characterizing and synthesizing zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles because of their substantial applications across diverse technological and industrial fields. Zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are a class of lenient magnetic nanomaterials, which have potentially high magnetic, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties. These properties include a high value of permeability, low power losses, permittivity, saturation magnetization, coercivity, resistivity, and other beneficial properties that make them promise candidates for applications in various fields. These ferrites are also used in biomedical areas such as MRI and cancer treatments. In electronic fields, zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are used to make transducers, transformers, biosensors, and sensors. Apart from these advantages, they are found in our everyday electronic and electrical appliances like LED bulb, refrigerator, mobile charger, TV, microwave oven, juicer, washing machine, mixer, iron, printer, laptop, mobile, desktop, etc. Hence, the current review reports some properties of these spinel ferrites and emphasizes the different synthesis techniques that can be used to prepare them. Afterward, the impact of dopant on the materials' properties, the characterization techniques, and the momentous application in the present era have been well discussed.     

Design and analysis of a sleep and wake-up CMOS low noise amplifier for 5G applications

Telecommunication Systems - This brief proposes a two-stage cascoded CMOS LNA with common drain envelope detection based power reduction method for the 5G applications of 28 GHz frequency....     

Hybrid Cluster Head Election for WSN Based on Firefly and Harmony Search Algorithms

Wireless Personal Communications - Design of energy efficient routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a great challenge for researchers. Recently, WSNs have gained lot of popularity...     

Secure visual cryptography for medical image using modified cuckoo search

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Optimal secure visual cryptography for brain MRI medical image is proposed in this paper. Initially, the brain MRI images are selected and then discrete wavelet...     

Investigation on one-pot hydrothermal synthesis,structural and optical properties of ZnS quantum dots

The advantage of hydrothermal synthesis of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) over the control of particles size, morphology and stability is reported here. In a typical synthesis procedure, the zinc and sulfur precursor molar ratio of 1:3 was used in an aqueous solution at 150 °C. The cubic phase of ZnS with average particles size of 5 nm was confirmed and estimated from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The composition and purity of the sample were analyzed from (energy dispersive-ray analysis) EDAX and (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis) XPS spectra. The absorption spectrum shows the large shift in the absorption band over 90 nm due to the quantum confinement of carriers. The emission spectrum of quantum dots carry more evidence on the presence of shallow trap, deep trap in the band gap of the material responsible for weak emission in the spectral region of 450–500 nm. High resolution transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope studies reveal the structural and morphological features of ZnS with slightly distorted spherical morphology. We found that the coordinating ability of solvent strongly influences the reaction process and morphology of the products.     

Fabrication of highly porous poly (ε-caprolactone) microfibers via electrospinning

Highly porous Poly (ε-caprolactone; PCL) microfibers were successfully fabricated by collecting the fibers into a water bath during electrospinning. The morphology of the fibers collected with and without the water bath was investigated. We observed that altering the pH of the water bath affected both the fiber diameter and the size of pores on the fibers. Acidic or basic condition was found to be more favorable than neutral conditions for the formation of well-porous fibers. The morphology and pore size of the microfibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The average diameter of the fibers and the pore size on the surface of the microfibers were found to be 12–14.5 and 0.3–0.7 μm, respectively. The crystallinity and thermal properties of the PCL mats were investigated by DSC. This highly porous nature of the microfibers makes PCL less crystalline and increases the surface to volume ratio of the mat. Therefore, the PCL mat obtained by water bath electrospinning may be more effective for tissue scaffolds and drug delivery than the mat obtained without water bath.     

Magnetic properties and magnetic structure of the Mn5Si3-type Tb5Si3 compound

Neutron diffraction and magnetization measurements have been performed on the Tb₅Si₃ compound (hexagonal Mn₅Si₃-type, hP16, P6₃/mcm) to understand its magnetic structure and magnetic properties. The temperature-dependent neutron diffraction results prove that this intermetallic phase shows a complex flat spiral magnetic ordering, presenting three subsequent changes in magnetization at on cooling. However, the magnetization data depict two transitions at 72 K (T_N1) and 55 K (T_N2). The extended temperature range between and over which the neutron diffraction patterns slowly evolve might correspond to the high-temperature antiferromagnetic transition at T_N1 and low-temperature antiferromagnetic transition at T_N2 of the magnetic data. Between Tb₅Si₃ shows a flat spiral antiferromagnetic ordering with a propagation vector K₁ = [0,0, ±1/4]; then, between the flat spiral type ordering is conserved, but by two coexisting propagation vectors K₁ = [0,0, ±1/4] and K₂ = [0,0, ±0.4644(3)]. The terbium magnetic moments arrange in the XY(ab) plane of the unit cell. Below the magnetic component with K₁ = [0,0, ±1/4] vanishes and magnetic structure of Tb₅Si₃ is a flat spiral with K₂ = [0,0, ±0.4644(3)], only. Low field magnetization measurements confirm the occurrence of complex, multiple magnetic transitions. The field dependence of the magnetization indicates a metamagnetic transition at a critical field of 3 T.     

Potential Field from an Active Nerve in an Inhomogeneous, Anisotropic Volume Conductor?The Inverse Problem

A previously described, forward solution for the problem of determining surface potentials on a long circular limb arising from electrical nerve activity within the limb is used to solve the inverse problem, namely, the recovery of source nerve potentials from limb surface potentials. The inverse problem is solved by means of a two-dimensional (2-D) digital filter which has the advantages of simplicity, speed, and ease of implementation compared to any other solution method.