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81.
K Tanaka T Miyairi J Matsumoto H Inaba A Mizuno 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,49(7):552-556
Between September 1994 and January 1995, the inferior epigastric artery (IEA) was used as a free graft for direct coronary artery bypass grafting in 4 patients. The IEA is excised from its origin from the external iliac artery as a pedicle with an "oval cuff" of 3 mm in diameter to facilitate the direct anastomosis with the aorta. The 4-week postoperative angiographic study showed that the IEA grafts were patent in all patients. We found that the IEA varies in length, diameter, and the pattern of branching between patients and between the right and left sides in the same patient. The preoperative digital subtraction angiography was useful for evaluating the suitability of IEA. 相似文献
82.
Takashi Noji Yoji Koike Hideo Iwasaki Masatsune Kato Norio Kobayashi Yoshitami Saito 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》1996,9(1):65-71
Anisotropie properties of the single crystal Pb2Sr2Ho0.5Ca0.5Cu3O8 have been investigated by measuring the electrical resistivity in theab-planeρ ab (H, θ,T), which depends on the angleθ between theab-plane and the magnetic-field direction, in various constant fieldsH perpendicular to the current direction. All the angle-dependent values ofρ ab (H, θ,T) at a constant temperature are scaled to be on one curve as a function of reduced field. The anisotropic parameter γ≡(m c * /m ab * )1/2 is estimated as 12–13, which is larger than that of YBa2Cu3O7 and much smaller than that of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. It has been concluded that the anisotropy does not always depend on the thickness of the blocking layer but seems to depend on the overlap of the electronic wave functions along thec-axis. Anisotropy in the pinning potential has also been discussed from the resistive tail in the temperature dependence ofρ ab (H,θ,T). 相似文献
83.
Tatsuhiko Matsumoto Satoru Kubota Yuta Kubota Kenta Imabayashi Kazuyuki Kishimoto Seiichi Goshi Shigeki Imai Youichi Igarashi Shuichi Haga Takehiro Nakatsue 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2011,19(11):813-820
Abstract— To understand actual viewing conditions at home is important for TV design. And the preferred luminance level of LCD TVs under actual viewing conditions is also important in order to obtain both good picture quality and low power consumption. The actual viewing conditions of households and the preferred luminance levels was investigated. In a field test of 83 households, the display luminance, screen illuminance, and viewing locations were measured on site. In laboratory experiments, young and elderly subjects adjusted the luminance of an LCD‐TV screen to their preferred levels under different screen illuminance levels, angular screen sizes, and average luminance levels (ALL) of the images. As a result, two equations, which represent the preferred luminance level of LCD‐TV screens corresponding to different viewing conditions for young and elderly subjects were obtained. When the ALL of the images was 25% and the screen illuminance and angular screen size were set at 100 lx and 20°, respectively, the preferred luminance was 1 60 cd/m2 for the young subjects and 248 cd/m2 for the elderly subjects. By using the setting of the preferred luminance of an LCD TV under actual viewing conditions, it is possible to conserve energy consumption. 相似文献
84.
We consider the minimum maximal matching problem, which is NP-hard (Yannakakis and Gavril (1980) [18]). Given an unweighted simple graph G=(V,E), the problem seeks to find a maximal matching of minimum cardinality. It was unknown whether there exists a non-trivial approximation algorithm whose approximation ratio is less than 2 for any simple graph. Recently, Z. Gotthilf et al. (2008) [5] presented a -approximation algorithm, where c is an arbitrary constant.In this paper, we present a -approximation algorithm based on an LP relaxation, where χ′(G) is the edge-coloring number of G. Our algorithm is the first non-trivial approximation algorithm whose approximation ratio is independent of |V|. Moreover, it is known that the minimum maximal matching problem is equivalent to the edge dominating set problem. Therefore, the edge dominating set problem is also -approximable. From edge-coloring theory, the approximation ratio of our algorithm is , where Δ(G) represents the maximum degree of G. In our algorithm, an LP formulation for the edge dominating set problem is used. Fujito and Nagamochi (2002) [4] showed the integrality gap of the LP formulation for bipartite graphs is at least . Moreover, χ′(G) is Δ(G) for bipartite graphs. Thus, as far as an approximation algorithm for the minimum maximal matching problem uses the LP formulation, we believe our result is the best possible. 相似文献
85.
Quick-freeze deep-etch replica electron microscopy gives high contrast snapshots of individual protein molecules under physiological conditions in vitro or in situ. The images show delicate internal pattern, possibly reflecting the rotary-shadowed surface profile of the molecule. As a step to build the new system for the "Structural analysis of single molecules", we propose a procedure to quantitatively characterize the structural property of individual molecules; e.g. conformational type and precise view-angle of the molecules, if the crystallographic structure of the target molecule is available. This paper presents a framework to determine the observed face of the protein molecule by analyzing the surface profile of individual molecules visualized in freeze-replica specimens. A comprehensive set of rotary-shadowed views of the protein molecule was artificially generated from the available atomic coordinates using light-rendering software. Exploiting new mathematical morphology-based image filter, characteristic features were extracted from each image and stored as template. Similar features were extracted from the true replica image and the most likely projection angle and the conformation of the observed particle were determined by quantitative comparison with a set of archived images. The performance and the robustness of the procedure were examined with myosin head structure in defined configuration for actual application. 相似文献
86.
Alexander-Kaufman K Cordwell S Harper C Matsumoto I 《Proteomics. Clinical applications》2007,1(1):62-72
Alcoholic patients commonly experience cognitive decline. It is postulated that cognitive dysfunction is caused by an alcohol-induced region-selective brain damage, particularly to the prefrontal region, and grey and white matter may be affected differently. We used a proteomics-based approach to compare protein expression profiles of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 9 (BA9)) from human alcoholic and healthy control brains. Changes in the relative expression of 110 protein 'spots' were identified in the BA9 grey matter, of which 54 were identified as 44 different proteins. In our recent article, 60 protein spots were differentially expressed in the BA9 white matter and 18 of these were identified (Alexander-Kaufman, K., James, G., Sheedy, D., Harper, C., Matsumoto, I., Mol. Psychiatry 2006, 11, 56-65). Additional BA9 white matter proteins are identified here and discussed in conjunction to our grey matter results. Thiamine-dependent enzymes transketolase and pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1β ubunit) were among the proteins identified. To our knowledge, this is the first time a disruption in thiamine-dependent enzymes has been demonstrated in the brains of 'neurologically uncomplicated' alcoholics. By identifying protein expression changes in prefrontal grey and white matter separately, hypotheses may draw upon more mechanistic explanations as to how alcoholism causes the structural alterations associated with alcohol-related brain damage and cognitive dysfunction. 相似文献
87.
88.
A new heat-resistant Fe-based cast alloy has been designed making the best use of the CALPHAD method. The objective was to replace the material for precision cast products made from Ni-based superalloys with improved Fe-based alloys originally developed for lower temperature applications.The key to the design is to balance the amount of strengthening - Ni3(Ti,Al) precipitates and brittle phase, and to simultaneously decrease as-cast microsegregation. Contours of the equal phase fraction were calculated over the isothermal diagrams of the Fe–Ni–Cr–Ti–Al–Nb system, and provided useful guidelines for compositional modifications. The microsegregation was also evaluated by Scheil-type simulation in order to reduce micropores caused by oxidation of the solidifying front.The developed cast Fe-based alloy showed desirable strength at the envisioned service temperatures and filled the open range of heat resistance between Ni-based superalloys and the original alloy. 相似文献
89.
90.
Particle-free silicon and nickel thin films were successfully fabricated by laser-ablating a melted section of their target surface, which gives a high evaporation pressure at the melting point. The influence of direct evaporation from a melted target was reduced negligibly by melting the target only locally with a focused electron beam (e-beam) and increasing the laser frequency. The silicon films fabricated by the present method, pulse laser deposition of a partially molten target, were able to firmly adhere to the substrates and withstood steel needle scratching, unlike e-beam-evaporated films. 相似文献