Present status of beryllides for fusion and industrial applications in Japan

Beryllides have remarkable characteristics besides their low density, such as high radiation resistance, high chemical stability, low hydrogen isotope retention and good high temperature mechanical strength especially for fusion applications. In order to have a practical usage for industrial applications, it is important to compile a set of quantitative data on such properties. It is also important to develop fabrication and processing paths to assure the processing of inherently brittle beryllides.The characterization and manufacturing technologies development have been carried out mainly on the Be₁₂Ti interemetallic compounds at the Be-rich side of the Be-Ti binary system. In the present paper, up-dated results on several properties are described for the compound fabricated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and ingot metallurgy. Mechanical properties of the compounds having a duplex microstructure with neighboring phases are evaluated by compressive tests from room temperature to 1273 K. Radiation damage of the compound is preliminary studied by charged particle irradiation. Oxidation in air and the interaction with water vapor are evaluated. Thermal desorption of the deuterium is examined by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermal desorption spectrometry (TDS). Through these evaluations it seems that Be₁₂Ti is superior as neutron multiplier with respect to pure Be metal.     

An Analytical Compact Circuit Model for Nanowire FET

In this paper, we propose a quasi-analytical device model of nanowire FET (NWFET) for both ballistic and drift-diffusion current transport, which can be used in any conventional circuit simulator like SPICE. The closed form expressions for current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage characteristics are obtained by analytically solving device equations with appropriate approximations. The developed model was further verified with the measured I-V characteristics of an NWFET device. Results show a close match of the model with measured data.     

Effect of Powder Injection on the Interfacial Fracture Toughness of Plasma-Sprayed Zirconia

Adhesive strength of the plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating is one of the most important parameters which influence their durability and reliability during service. While many methods exist to measure the adhesive strength, in general, they require cumbersome and time-consuming specimen preparation. Furthermore, considerations of the adhesion strength from the point-of-view of fracture toughness or for that matter, their systematic correlation to both processing variances are limited. Consequently, there is an opportunity to both simplify the measurement procedure and establish correlations among methods and linkages between processing parameters and interfacial fracture toughness. In this paper, we report results on adhesion strength of plasma-sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coating on aluminum substrates based on both interfacial indentation test (to measure interfacial fracture toughness) and the modified tensile adhesive test. Carrier gas flow for powder injection into the plasma torch was systematically varied to introduce variances in particle melting with concomitant impact on the measured adhesive strength. The results indicate the correlation between the particle melting index and the measured interfacial fracture toughness.     

An experience of the modified Norwood's operation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome with aberrant origin of right subclavian artery and persistent left superior vena cava--the procedure without total circulatory arrest and cardiac arrest

We reported a successful case of the modified Norwood operation for a 21-day-old neonate with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (MS and AS) associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery and a persistent left superior vena cava. The modified Norwood operation was performed without total circulatory arrest and Cardiac arrest. A 4 mm Gore-Tex graft, which was anastomosed between the right carotid artery and the right pulmonary artery for systemic-pulmonary shunt, was used for cerebral perfusion during aortic arch reconstruction. Coronary perfusion was performed with a small cannula placed on the relatively large ascending aorta during anastomosis between the main pulmonary artery and the ascending aorta. Equine pericardial patch was used for aortic arch reconstruction and the ascending aorta was directly anastomosed to a part of the main PA. Postoperative course was uneventful and postoperative MRI revealed no stenosis of the aortic arch and the pulmonary artery.     

Effect of culture conditions of acetic acid bacteria on cellulose biosynthesis

An attempt was made to clarify the effect of culture conditions of an acetic acid bacteria (Acetobacter xylinum) on cellulose biosynthesis using glucose as carbon source in complex medium. Synchronous culture conditions were first realised on cellulose biosynthesis by cooling the system to 4°C for 24 h. Under the synchronous conditions stepwise division of the cell and the stepwise production of cellulose were found. Furthermore, cellulose was proved to be produced when the cell number in the medium was constant.     

Critical Heat Flux of Boiling Heat Transfer in a Moderate Narrow Space

INTanDUCTI0NBoilingheattransferandcriticalheatflux(CHF)inaconfinednarrowspacehavebeenstudiedexperi-melltallybyanumberofinvestigatorsinthepastfewdecades.However,thereisnoanypopularlyacceptedmodelintheheattransferinnarrowspaceboiling,althoughsomepopularknowledgeabouttheboilingheattransferinthenarrowspacehavebeenacceptedbymanyresearchers.Theknowledgecanbecon-cludedasthatthenucleateboilingheattransferisenhancedatlowheatfluxregionanddeterioratedathighheatfiuxregi0nespeciallyatCHF.Theenhanceme…     

Opsin localization and rhodopsin photochemistry in a transgenic mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

In budding yeast, a protein kinase called Gin4 is specifically activated during mitosis and functions in a pathway initiated by the Clb2 cyclin to control bud growth. We have used genetics and biochemistry to identify additional proteins that function with Gin4 in this pathway, and both of these approaches have identified members of the septin family. Loss of septin function produces a phenotype that is very similar to the phenotype caused by loss of Gin4 function, and the septins are required early in mitosis to activate Gin4 kinase activity. Furthermore, septin mutants display a prolonged mitotic delay at the short spindle stage, consistent with a role for the septins in the control of mitotic events. Members of the septin family bind directly to Gin4, demonstrating that the functions of Gin4 and the septins must be closely linked within the cell. These results demonstrate that the septins in budding yeast play an integral role in the mitosis-specific regulation of the Gin4 kinase and that they carry out functions early in mitosis.     

Endoscopic evaluation of the depth of invasion of the depressed type early gastric cancer and apparently early advanced cancer in cases of a peptic ulcer within the cancer lesion

Depressed-type early and apparently early advanced cancers were divided into two groups according to whether or not an associated peptic ulcer was present within the cancer lesion, and the accuracy of preoperative endoscopic diagnosis was reviewed. As a result it was found that evaluation of depth of invasion was more difficult in the ulcer [UL(+)] group than in the group without an ulcer [UL(-)]. In the UL(+) group it was difficult to identify endoscopic findings which indicate depth of invasion at the tip of the folds, the volume of cancer invasion of the deeper layers was small, and there many cases of invasion of deeper layers in a portion of the margins of the peptic ulcers.