建设方造价专业人员在工程设计和实施中的地位及作用

从工程建设方出发,结合具体实例,针对工程设计方案、施工组织设计、工程建设实施三个阶段中的工程造价管理问题,论述造价专业人员的地位和作用.建设方应在整个工程建设周期内始终占主导地位,在工程造价管理工作中有意识地组织协调设计方、施工方和造价咨询方,正确处理造价合理与技术先进两者之间的统一关系.     

Human-tracking strategies for a six-legged rescue robot based on distance and view

Human tracking is an important issue for intelligent robotic control and can be used in many scenarios, such as robotic services and human-robot cooperation. Most of current human-tracking methods are targeted for mobile/tracked robots, but few of them can be used for legged robots. Two novel human-tracking strategies, view priority strategy and distance priority strategy, are proposed specially for legged robots, which enable them to track humans in various complex terrains. View priority strategy focuses on keeping humans in its view angle arrange with priority, while its counterpart, distance priority strategy, focuses on keeping human at a reasonable distance with priority. To evaluate these strategies, two indexes(average and minimum tracking capability) are defined. With the help of these indexes, the view priority strategy shows advantages compared with distance priority strategy. The optimization is done in terms of these indexes, which let the robot has maximum tracking capability. The simulation results show that the robot can track humans with different curves like square, circular, sine and screw paths. Two novel control strategies are proposed which specially concerning legged robot characteristics to solve human tracking problems more efficiently in rescue circumstances.     

膀胱癌化疗药物增敏机制研究进展

近年来化疗耐药严重制约着膀胱癌的治疗效果,术后复发率和转移率居高不下。因此,逆转膀胱癌化疗耐药性,寻找有效的化疗增敏靶点并探究其机制十分重要。目前临床上多采用经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术,术后选择辅助化疗药物进行治疗,常用化疗药物包括顺铂、吉西他滨、阿霉素、表柔比星等。目前实现这些药物化疗增敏的靶点基因和分子在膀胱癌细胞中呈现不同的表达状态,且通过这些靶点实现增敏的机制也各有不同。本文将就膀胱癌化疗药物增敏靶点及机制的研究进展进行综述,以期为膀胱癌的化疗增敏探索新的思路。     

Synthesis and optimization of high-performance amine-based polymer for CO2 separation

Membrane technology features inspiring excellence from numerous separation technologies for CO₂ capture from post-combustion gas. Polyvinylamine (PVAm)-based facilitated transport membranes show significantly high separation performance, which has been proven promising for industrial scale-up. However, commercialized PVAm with low molecular weight and excessive crystallinity is not available to prepare high-performance membranes. Herein, the synthesis process of PVAm was optimized by regulating polymerization and acidic hydrolytic conditions. The membranes based on PVAm with a molecular weight of 154 kDa and crystallinity of 11.37% display high CO₂ permeance of 726 GPU and CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 55 at a feed gas pressure of 0.50 MPa. Furthermore, we established a PVAm synthesis reactor with an annual PVAm solution (1%(mass)) capacity of over 7000 kg and realized the scaled-up manufacture of both PVAm and composite membranes.     

磷化工"双废"联用工艺研究

以磷化工"双废"——磷石膏、磷尾矿为原料,通过硫酸循环酸浸磷尾矿,经盐酸分解磷尾矿、碳化磷石膏、转晶、酸化、析钙、析磷、浓缩、析镁等过程,得到了转化率为96.94％ 的CaCO 3,CaO质量分数为23.38％ 的二水石膏,MgO质量分数为8.27％、P2O5质量分数为23.89％、氮质量分数为6.83％ 的氮镁磷肥,氮质量分数为23.76％ 的氯化铵以及M g O质量分数为30.04％ 的碳酸镁等,所得产品均符合工业应用要求.讨论了循环酸浸过程中离子浓度的变化情况,为联合处理磷石膏、磷尾矿提供了新思路.     

Numerical Modeling and Experimental Study of Laser Assisted Machining of Fused Silica

Silicon - Fused silica is a kind of high-strength optical material, which is widely used in industry. It is slow and inefficient to process hard and brittle materials by conventional machining (CM)...     

浅议集团检测单元技术创新管理与实践

检测部门是集团公司重要的辅助单元,履行着集团公司“产品质量守护神”、“集团海关”和“生产的眼睛”的神圣职责,在外购原料把关和产品出产检验等方面发挥着重要的作用。创新在检测进步的过程中发挥了越来越重的作用,基于这-.现状,本文从创新的目的和方向、创新的思维、激励机制、创新手段创新团队五个方面,结合检测中心近年来技术进步管理工作,就如何强化检测的技术创新管理提出了几点浅见。     

Determination of Viscoelastic Poisson’s Ratio of Solid Propellants using an Accuracy‐enhanced 2D Digital Image Correlation Technique

Poisson’s ratio plays a significant role in the structural response of solid propellants, which is, in essence, a nearly incompressible viscoelastic material. Numerical models that assume a constant Poisson’s ratio generally cannot achieve good results, thus requiring an accurate knowledge of time‐dependent viscoelastic Poisson’s ratio of solid propellants. In this work, accurate determination of tensile strains and viscoelastic Poisson’s ratio of solid propellants using an accuracy‐enhanced 2D digital image correlation (DIC) technique is described. To achieve high‐accuracy measurement, great improvements were made to regular 2D‐DIC technique to maximally eliminate the errors caused by non‐ideal loading conditions, specimen deformation and lens distortion. Rigid body translation tests with zero strain state are first performed to verify the accuracy of the proposed DIC technique. Then application of the proposed technique for determining the time‐varying viscoelastic Poisson’s ratios of solid propellants in stress relaxation tests are demonstrated. The results reveal that, by adequately eliminating the measurement errors associated with the unavoidable out‐of‐plane displacements and lens distortion, the present DIC technique can be used for precise determination of viscoelastic Poisson’s ratio of solid propellants, which is found to be increasing nonlinearly to the incompressible value of 0.50 as time increases.     

Rhodium‐Catalyzed Direct C7 Alkynylation of Indolines

An efficient rhodium(III)‐catalyzed direct C7 alkynylation of indoline C H bonds with the alkynylated hypervalent iodine reagents has been developed. This reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions over a wide structural scope with high site‐selectivity and excellent functional‐group tolerance. N‐Acetyl as well as other N‐acyls served as effective directing groups (DG). This procedure allows for the synthesis of a variety of 7‐alkynyl‐substituted indolines in good to excellent yield. More significantly, C7‐alkynylated indoles through further transformations have been successfully accessed.