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41.
Patricia A. Miguez Stephen A. Tuin Adam G. Robinson Joyce Belcher Prapaporn Jongwattanapisan Kimberly Perley Vinicius de Paiva Gon«alves Arash Hanifi Nancy Pleshko Elisabeth R. Barton 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
This study evaluated the direct effect of a phytochemical, hesperidin, on pre-osteoblast cell function as well as osteogenesis and collagen matrix quality, as there is little known about hesperidin’s influence in mineralized tissue formation and regeneration. Hesperidin was added to a culture of MC3T3-E1 cells at various concentrations. Cell proliferation, viability, osteogenic gene expression and deposited collagen matrix analyses were performed. Treatment with hesperidin showed significant upregulation of osteogenic markers, particularly with lower doses. Mature and compact collagen fibrils in hesperidin-treated cultures were observed by picrosirius red staining (PSR), although a thinner matrix layer was present for the higher dose of hesperidin compared to osteogenic media alone. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated a better mineral-to-matrix ratio and matrix distribution in cultures exposed to hesperidin and confirmed less collagen deposited with the 100-µM dose of hesperidin. In vivo, hesperidin combined with a suboptimal dose of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) (dose unable to promote healing of a rat mandible critical-sized bone defect) in a collagenous scaffold promoted a well-controlled (not ectopic) pattern of bone formation as compared to a large dose of BMP2 (previously defined as optimal in healing the critical-sized defect, although of ectopic nature). PSR staining of newly formed bone demonstrated that hesperidin can promote maturation of bone organic matrix. Our findings show, for the first time, that hesperidin has a modulatory role in mineralized tissue formation via not only osteoblast cell differentiation but also matrix organization and matrix-to-mineral ratio and could be a potential adjunct in regenerative bone therapies. 相似文献
42.
Bernhard Kienesberger Beate Obermüller Georg Singer Barbara Mittl Reingard Grabherr Sigrid Mayrhofer Stefan Heinl Vanessa Stadlbauer Angela Horvath Wolfram Miekisch Patricia Fuchs Ingeborg Klymiuk Holger Till Christoph Castellani 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(12)
We aimed to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity and the in vivo effect on the murine fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound (VOC) profile of (S)-reutericyclin. The antimicrobial activity of (S)-reutericyclin was tested against Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus (S.) epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Propionibacterium acnes. Reutericyclin or water were gavage fed to male BALBc mice for 7 weeks. Thereafter stool samples underwent 16S based microbiome analysis and VOC analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). (S)-reutericyclin inhibited growth of S. epidermidis only. Oral (S)-reutericyclin treatment caused a trend towards reduced alpha diversity. Beta diversity was significantly influenced by reutericyclin. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis showed an increase of Streptococcus and Muribaculum as well as a decrease of butyrate producing Ruminoclostridium, Roseburia and Eubacterium in the reutericyclin group. VOC analysis revealed significant increases of pentane and heptane and decreases of 2,3-butanedione and 2-heptanone in reutericyclin animals. The antimicrobial activity of (S)-reutericyclin differs from reports of (R)-reutericyclin with inhibitory effects on a multitude of Gram-positive bacteria reported in the literature. In vivo (S)-reutericyclin treatment led to a microbiome shift towards dysbiosis and distinct alterations of the fecal VOC profile. 相似文献
43.
Patricia Muñoz-Escalona Shreyes Melkote Kai Liu 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2005,14(5):582-590
In recent years, the finite element method (FEM) has become the main tool for simulating the metal cutting process because
research based on trial and error is time consuming and requires high investment. Early studies were done by different investigators.
In this research AISI 52100, hardened steel (62 HRC) was selected for an orthogonal machining process as well as metal cutting
simulation using the software DEFORM-2D. This software is based on a forging process and has been adapted to an orthogonal
machining process. The results of simulated cutting forces were compared with experimental cutting force data to validate
the orthogonal cut simulation. Also, the surface roughness was measured, and the influence of the stress, strain, and temperature
on the surface roughness was studied. 相似文献
44.
The electrical heating of pipelines has received a lot of attention recently because of better controllability and maintenance experience than steam tracing. This paper describes a way of electrical heating with a variable resistance wire. The installation in a manufacturing area, with many zones of process piping to be heated is described. These methods reduced design and installation costs. 相似文献
45.
G. T. Jones L. A. Glasgow L. E. Erickson S. A. Patel C. H. Lee 《Chemical Engineering Communications》1990,97(1):181-196
Understanding the dynamic phenomena of viability loss of shear sensitive cells and bubble breakage and coalescence within airlift reactors requires knowledge of local, liquid-phase hydrodynamics. The laser-Doppler velocimeter (LDV) is a non-invasive instrument which may be used to obtain this information. Experimental procedures and software were developed to detect and measure Doppler bursts in two-phase flow in a split-cylinder airlift reactor. Off-line analysis of the data indicated a detection rate approximately one order of magnitude greater than that observed using an available commercial frequency tracker. Approximately 400 to 500 observations are needed for the ensemble mean to characterize the local mean velocity to within ±5% for a superficial gas velocity of 10.4 cm/s, the highest superficial gas velocity used in these studies. The limitations, prospects, and signal-processing options for LDV in this application are also discussed 相似文献
46.
Patricia M. Cooney J. E. Hodge C. D. Evans 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1958,35(4):167-171
Summary Amino reductones derived from hexoses were evaluated for color development in heated, oxidizing fat systems. Browning was
observed to some extent with all the amino-hexose-reductones. The brown color frequently faded upon long heating of the oils.
The density of color increased with reductone concentration and varied markedly among the different amino reductones. Morpholino-hexose-reductone
could be used in lard and vegetable oils at concentrations up to 0.01% without introducing visually detectable amounts of
color. Heating soybean oil solutions of the amino reductones at 100°C. under vacuum slowly destroyed the reductone but did
not cause development of color. Air or oxygen was required for color production. Addition of citric acid along with the reductone
reduced the amount of color developed. Reductones in fat systems show similarities in browning to reductones in aqueous systems.
New considerations for the mechanism of antioxidation by polyphenols and reductones in oils are presented.
Presented at the spring meeting, American Oil Chemists’ Society. New Orleans, La., April 28-May 1, 1957. 相似文献
47.
Ming-Jen Pan Patricia A. Hoffman David J. Green John R. Hellmann 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1997,80(3):692-698
The spontaneous microcracking of particulate TiB2 –SiC composites is studied as a function of TiB2 volume fraction. The degree of microcracking was examined by measuring elastic properties from room temperature to 1300°C. The results showed that only one composition contains microcracks. All other compositions did not microcrack regardless of TiB2 volume fraction. This was attributed to the difference in the sintering aids. In particular, the Al2 O3 sintering aid needed in these compositions had reacted with SiO2 to form an amorphous grain boundary phase that allowed residual stresses to relax by viscous flow at moderate to high temperatures. The existence of this amorphous grain boundary phase was directly observed by transmission electron microscopy. 相似文献
48.
Acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (EC2.3.1.26, ACAT), responsible for intracellular esterification of cholesterol, may
play an important role in cholesterol trafficking within the cell, and thus, in maintenance of cellular cholesterol homeostasis.
Bile acids are potential regulators of cholesterol trafficking in the liver. Therefore, the effect of bile salts on hepatic
ACAT activity was studied in the perfused rat liver. ACAT activity was increased after liver perfusion with either taurocholate
or taurochenodeoxycholate. However, addition of these bile salts at physiological concentrationsin vitro had little effect on microsomal ACAT activity. The increase in hepatic ACAT activity due to perfusion with bile salts was
accompanied by reduced accumulation of very low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the perfusate, but there was no effect
on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity. Hepatic ACAT activity was decreased after bile diversion for four hours
in the intact animal. This treatment had no statistically significant effect on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity.
These data suggest that bile salts induce changes in hepatic compartmentation and traffic of cholesterol within the hepatocyte
accompanied by response of ACAT activity to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis. 相似文献
49.
Richard Kotek Dong‐Wook Jung Joon Ho Kim Brent Smith Patricia Guzman Benjamin Schmidt 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,92(3):1724-1730
The surface alkaline hydrolysis of fibers made from poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) was studied after extruding the polymer at high spinning speeds from 2000 to 6000 m/min and heat setting in the range of temperatures from 100 to 180°C. Fiber weight loss increased with an increasing heat‐setting temperature but it was also dependent on the spinning speed. Some of the partially hydrolyzed fibers had a well‐developed, hydrophilic surface, and pore size in the range of 0.69 to 1.20 μm. The optimum reaction and morphological conditions for increasing porosity in PTT fibers depends on spinning speed and heat‐setting temperature. A temperature of 180°C is the upper limit for heat‐setting PTT filaments but seems to be the most effective for making porous fibers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1724–1730, 2004 相似文献
50.
Sarala Arunagiri Yipkei Kwok Patricia J. Teller Ricardo A. Portillo Seetharami R. Seelam 《International journal of parallel programming》2014,42(1):165-197
Providing differentiated service in a consolidated storage environment is a challenging task. To address this problem, we introduce FAIRIO, a cycle-based I/O scheduling algorithm that provides differentiated service to workloads concurrently accessing a consolidated RAID storage system. FAIRIO enforces proportional sharing of I/O service through fair scheduling of disk time. During each cycle of the algorithm, I/O requests are scheduled according to workload weights and disk-time utilization history. Experiments, which were driven by the I/O request streams of real and synthetic I/O benchmarks and run on a modified version of DiskSim, provide evidence of FAIRIO’s effectiveness and demonstrate that fair scheduling of disk time is key to achieving differentiated service in a RAID storage system. In particular, the experimental results show that, for a broad range of workload request types, sizes, and access characteristics, the algorithm provides differentiated storage throughput that is within 10% of being perfectly proportional to workload weights; and, it achieves this with little or no degradation of aggregate throughput. The core design concepts of FAIRIO, including service-time allocation and history-driven compensation, potentially can be used to design I/O scheduling algorithms that provide workloads with differentiated service in storage systems comprised of RAIDs, multiple RAIDs, SANs, and hypervisors for Clouds. 相似文献