AAV13 Enables Precise Targeting of Local Neural Populations

As powerful tools for local gene delivery, adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are widely used for neural circuit studies and therapeutical purposes. However, most of them have the characteristics of large diffusion range and retrograde labeling, which may result in off-target transduction during in vivo application. Here, in order to achieve precise gene delivery, we screened AAV serotypes that have not been commonly used as gene vectors and found that AAV13 can precisely transduce local neurons in the brain, with a smaller diffusion range than AAV2 and rigorous anterograde labeling. Then, AAV13-based single-viral and dual-viral strategies for sparse labeling of local neurons in the brains of C57BL/6 or Cre transgenic mice were developed. Additionally, through the neurobehavioral test in the ventral tegmental area, we demonstrated that AAV13 was validated for functional monitoring by means of carrying Cre recombinase to drive the expression of Cre-dependent calcium-sensitive indicator. In summary, our study provides AAV13-based toolkits for precise local gene delivery, which can be used for in situ small nuclei targeting, sparse labeling and functional monitoring.     

Synergistic Function between Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardant and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes towards Fire Safe Polystyrene Composites with Enhanced Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

As a universal polymer material, polystyrene (PS) is widely applied in electrical devices and construction. Thus, it is necessary to improve the flame retardancy and electromagnetic shielding properties of PS material. In this work, PS/silicon-wrapped ammonium polyphosphate/Inorganic acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites (PS/SiAPP/aMWCNT, abbreviated as PAC) were prepared via methods of filtration-induced assembly and hot-pressing. Morphology and structure characterization demonstrated that SiAPP and aMWCNT had good dispersion in PS and excellent compatibility with the PS matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the addition of aMWCNT to PS improved its thermal stability and carbon-forming characteristics. The peak heat release rate, the peak carbon monoxide production rate, and the peak smoke production rate of the PAC10 composite decreased by 53.7%, 41.9%, and 45.5%, respectively, while its electromagnetic shielding effectiveness reached 12 dB. These enhancements were attributed to the reason that SiAPP and aMWCNT synergistically catalyzed the char generation and SiAPP produced free radical scavengers and numbers of incombustible gases, which could decrease the oxygen concentration and retard the combustion reaction. Therefore, the assembled PS/SiAPP/aMWCNT system provides a new pathway to improve the flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding properties of PS.     

Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis of Hair Follicle Morphogenesis Reveals That lncRNA-H19 Promotes Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation through the Chi-miR-214-3p/β-Catenin Axis in Cashmere Goats

Cashmere is initiated and develops in the fetal stages and the number and density of secondary hair follicles (SHFs) determine cashmere production and quality. Growing evidence indicates that both microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) play an indispensable role in hair follicle (HF) growth and development. However, little is known about miRNAs, lncRNAs, and their functions as well as their interactions during cashmere initiation and development. Here, based on lncRNA and miRNA high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, we identified 10,485 lncRNAs, 40,639 mRNAs, and 605 miRNAs in cashmere goat skin during HF induction, organogenesis, and cytodifferentiation stages. Among them, 521 lncRNAs, 5976 genes, and 204 miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE). KEGG analysis of DE genes indicated that ECM–receptor interaction and biosynthesis of amino acids were crucial for HF development. Notch, TGF-beta, and Wnt signaling pathways were also identified, which are conventional pathways associated with HF growth and development. Then, the ceRNA regulatory network was constructed, and the impact of lncRNA H19 was investigated in dermal papilla (DP) cells. The MTT, CCK-8, and EdU assays showed that the viability and proliferation of DP cells were promoted by H19, and mechanistic studies suggested that H19 performed its function through the chi-miR-214-3p/β-catenin axis. The present study created a resource for lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA studies in cashmere morphogenesis. It could contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of ncRNAs involved in the regulation of HF growth and development.     

濮城油田沙三中6-10油藏活性纳米粉体降压增注技术研究

濮城油田沙三中6-10油藏为低渗油藏,因注入水质差,造成对地层的伤害,注水压力不断上升。通过分析造成地层伤害的主要因素,为控制注水压力的上升,提出了活性纳米降压增注技术,并在室内进行了研究,从活性材料选择、表面修饰剂选择、分散介质选择以及纳米粉体水分散最佳浓度进行了室内筛选,指出了纳米酸化技术的可行性。在室内研究的基础上,在现场开展了10口井活性纳米技术的应用,取得了良好的效果。     

2205双相不锈钢摩擦焊接头显微组织及微区蠕变性能

对2205不锈钢进行连续驱动摩擦焊接,通过光学显微镜观察接头显微组织,利用纳米压痕仪对接头组织中铁素体(δ相)和奥氏体(γ相)进行硬度测试及压痕蠕变行为分析。结果表明,摩擦焊接头由塑性变形区及焊合区构成,变形区内γ相与δ相相比,因塑性流动而硬化的现象更为显著,且具有更高的纳米硬度和弹性模量;基于保载过程中应变率和硬度对数关系,经线性拟合得到蠕变应力指数n,能够较好地反映δ相和γ相的蠕变特性,而且纳米硬度值越高,蠕变应力指数越小。     

VOD冶炼超纯铁素体不锈钢脱碳脱氮

要利用VOD冶炼超纯铁素体不锈钢脱碳脱氮模型,研究了在吹氧脱碳阶段氧气利用率以及脱氮能力与初始碳含量的关系,分析了自由脱碳阶段的VOD脱碳和脱氮能力,并讨论了停氧后碳含量对脱碳以及温度控制的影响.研究结果为VOD冶炼超纯铁素体不锈钢合理脱碳脱氮提供技术指导.     

A simple analytical model to predict liquid unloading in the horizontal gas well

An accurate prediction of the critical gas velocity for the liquid loading is of great importance for operators to select the tubing diameter for the newly dril...     

Energy Model for UAV Communications:Experimental Validation and Model Generalization

Wireless communication involving un-manned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is expected to play an important role in future wireless networks.However,different from conve...     

板形板厚综合系统的解耦神经网络预测控制方法

给出了板形板厚综合控制模型,提出了基于TH神经网络的动态矩阵设计方法并分析了其收敛特性.使用不变性原理对板形板厚综系统进行了解耦设计,并对板形板厚解耦神经网络预测控制系统,进行了仿真研究.结果表明神经网络可在儿百ns的时间内达到稳定状态,不仅满足了轧钢过程的快速性要求,而且控制精度也得到了提高.