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851.
PJ Giannasca KT Giannasca AM Leichtner MR Neutra 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,67(2):946-953
The biochemical features that distinguish human M cells from other intestinal epithelial cell types are important for understanding microbial pathogenesis and for targeting vaccines to the mucosal immune system. We applied a large panel of carbohydrate-specific monoclonal antibodies and lectins to Peyer's patch and cecum biopsy specimens from three normal individuals and a patient with inflammatory bowel disease. The results show that human M-cell glycosylation patterns are distinct from those of other species examined and that human M cells preferentially display the sialyl Lewis A antigen. This carbohydrate epitope is also present in a small subpopulation of enterocytes in the follicle-associated epithelium and in goblet cell mucins. 相似文献
852.
O Larbolette B Wollscheid J Schweikert PJ Nielsen J Wienands 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,19(2):1539-1546
Lymphocytes respond to antigen receptor engagement with tyrosine phosphorylation of many cellular proteins, some of which have been identified and functionally characterized. Here we describe SH3P7, a novel substrate protein for Src and Syk family kinases. SH3P7 migrates in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a 55-kDa protein that is preferentially expressed in brain, thymus, and spleen. It contains multiple amino acid sequence motifs, including two consensus tyrosine phosphorylation sites of the YXXP type and one SH3 domain. A region of sequence similarity, which we named SCAD, was found in SH3P7 and three actin-binding proteins. The SCAD region may represent a new type of protein-protein interaction domain that mediates binding to actin. Consistent with this possibility, SH3P7 colocalizes with actin filaments of the cytoskeleton. Altogether, our data implicate SH3P7 as an adapter protein which links antigen receptor signaling to components of the cytoskeleton. 相似文献
853.
PJ van de Ven R Kaatee JJ Beutler FJ Beek AJ Woittiez E Buskens HA Koomans WP Mali 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,353(9149):282-286
BACKGROUND: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for ostial atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis has poor results. Angioplasty with stent placement (PTAS) may be more effective. We undertook a randomised prospective study to compare PTA with PTAS in patients with ostial atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis. METHODS: Patients with ostial atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis were assigned to receive PTA or PTAS. Secondary PTAS was allowed if PTA failed immediately or during 6 months' follow-up. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: 42 patients were assigned PTA and 43 were assigned PTAS, but one patient in the PTAS group was excluded from the study. Primary success rate (<50% residual stenosis) of PTA was 57% (24 patients) compared with 88% (37 patients) for PTAS (difference between groups 31% [95% CI 12-50]). Complications were similar. At 6 months, the primary patency rate was 29% (12 patients) for PTA, and 75% (30 patients) for PTAS (46% [24-68]). Restenosis after a successful primary procedure occurred in 48% of patients for PTA and 14% for PTAS (34% [11-58]). 12 patients underwent secondary stenting for primary or late failure of PTA within the follow-up period: success was similar to that of primary PTAS. Evaluation based on intention to treat showed no difference in clinical results at six months for PTA or PTAS. INTERPRETATION: PTAS is a better technique than PTA to achieve vessel patency in ostial atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis. Primary PTAS and primary PTA plus PTAS as rescue therapy have similar outcomes. However, the burden of reintervention after PTA outweighs the potential saving in stents, so primary PTAS is a better approach to use. 相似文献
854.
Fang TY; Coutinho PM; Reilly PJ; Ford C 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1998,11(2):119-126
Glucoamylase mutations to reduce isomaltose formation from glucose
condensation and thus increase glucose yield from starch hydrolysis were
designed to produce minor changes in the active site at positions not
totally conserved. Tyr175-->Phe and Ser411-->Gly glucoamylases had
catalytic efficiencies on DP 2-7 maltooligosaccharides like those of
wild-type glucoamylase, while the catalytic efficiencies of Tyr116--
>Trp, Arg241-->Lys and Ser411-->Ala glucoamylases were reduced by
about half and Tyr48Phe49-->Trp glucoamylase had little remaining
activity. Tyr175-->Phe, Ser411-->Ala and Ser411-->Gly
glucoamylases had decreased ratios of the initial rate of isomaltose
formation from glucose condensation to that of glucose formation from
maltodextrin hydrolysis at both 35 and 55 degrees C compared with wild-type
glucoamylase. Arg241-->Lys glucoamylase had a very similar ratio, while
Tyr116-->Trp glucoamylase had a higher ratio. The highest glucose yields
from maltodextrin hydrolysis were by the mutant glucoamylases having the
lowest ratios of initial rates of isomaltose formation to glucose formation
and this predicted high glucose yields better than the ratio of catalytic
efficiency for maltose hydrolysis to that for isomaltose hydrolysis.
相似文献
855.
J Vion-Dury AM Salvan S Confort-Gouny PJ Cozzone 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,27(27):1398-1405
NONINVASIVE EXPLORATION: Proton localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive human neurochemistry method based on the magnetic resonance phenomenon. ADVANTAGES: This exploration of brain metabolism, performed without any injection, detects neuronal, glial, and membrane markers, and can be performed after an MRI examination without moving the patient. INDICATIONS: In vivo brain MRS plays a major role (i) in early diagnosis of HIV-related encephalopathy, (ii) in differential diagnosis of HIV-related encephalopathy versus psychiatric symptoms or occurring in AIDS patients, (iii) in differential diagnosis of HIV-related encephalopathy versus other brain lesions related to AIDS, and (iv) in the follow-up of patient response to therapy. In these indications, MRS is frequently more reliable than neuropsychologic testing and more sensitive than MRI. 相似文献
856.
AP West PJ Bjorkman DA Dougherty HA Lester 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,272(41):25468-25473
To provide material suitable for structural studies of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, we have expressed and purified the NH2-terminal extracellular domain of the mouse muscle alpha subunit. Several constructs were initially investigated using Xenopus oocytes as a convenient small scale expression system. A fusion protein (alpha210GPI) consisting of the 210 NH2-terminal amino acids of the alpha subunit and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchorage sequence conferred surface alpha-bungarotoxin binding in oocytes. Coexpression of alpha210GPI with an analogous construct made from the delta subunit showed no evidence of heterodimer formation. The alpha210GPI protein was chosen for large scale expression in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. The alpha210GPI protein was cleaved from these cells and purified on an immunoaffinity column. Gel and column chromatography show that the purified protein is processed as expected and exists as a monomer. The purified protein also retains the two distinct, conformation-specific binding sites expected for the correctly folded alpha subunit. Circular dichroism studies of alpha210GPI suggest that this region of the receptor includes considerable beta-sheet secondary structure, with a small proportion of alpha-helix. 相似文献
857.
PK Woodard D Li EM Haacke PJ Dhawale S Kaushikkar B Barzilai AC Braverman PA Ludbrook AN Weiss JJ Brown SA Mirowitz TK Pilgram FR Gutierrez 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,170(4):883-888
OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to study the ability of three-dimensional MR angiography with retrospective respiratory gating to reveal stenoses in proximal coronary arteries on source and projection images. CONCLUSION: Proximal coronary artery stenoses can be identified using three-dimensional MR angiography with retrospective respiratory gating, both with projection images and on source images alone. Reasons for missed lesions included collateral vessels and retrograde flow distal to complete occlusion and volume averaging of vessels with adjacent structures. Causes of false-positive interpretations included small foci of decreased signal intensity distal to complete occlusion, partial volume effects on individual partitions, and regions of distal vessels leaving the imaging plane. 相似文献
858.
859.
A trial of a continuous intravenous infusion of Althesin is described for sedation during cardiac catheterisation, both for children and adults. The conditions produced for the procedure were very satisfactory. The advantages and problems of its use are discussed. The technique justifies further trials. 相似文献
860.
M Korbonits PJ Trainer JA Little R Edwards PG Kopelman GM Besser F Svec AB Grossman 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,46(6):751-757
Modern liver surgery is based upon deep knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the liver and improvements with ultrasounds imaging techniques have provided multidimensional interpretations of the liver anatomy intraoperatively. The technical advances with real-time scanning combined with the pioneering efforts of the Japanese liver surgeons have permitted the dynamic adaptation of the functional liver anatomy to the real anatomy, thus intimately aiding in segment oriented anatomical resection. Intraoperative ultrasound afford several advantages such as viewing the internal anatomy in direct relationship to the surface landmarks under the probe, enabling higher frequencies resulting in greater image resolution. The utilization of intraoperative ultrasound can modify the tactics involved with resection of both primary and metastatic liver tumours. The routine use of intraoperative ultrasound is strongly advocated since more complex procedures can be performed safely since the surgeon proceeds with complete knowledge of the real liver anatomy when deciding the feasibility and extent of liver resection. 相似文献