Use of parallel Erlang density functions to analyze first-pass pulmonary uptake of multiple indicators in dogs

The gamma and Erlang density functions describe a large class of lagged, right-skewed distributions. The Erlang distribution has been shown to be the analytic solution for a chain of compartments with identical rate constants. This relationship makes it useful for the analysis of first-pass pulmonary drug uptake data following intravenous bolus administration and the incorporation of this analysis into an overall systemic drug disposition model. However, others have shown that one Erlang density function characterizes the residence time distribution of solutes in single tissues with significant systematic error. We propose a model of two Erlang density functions in parallel that does characterize well the arterial appearance of indocyanine green, antipyrine, and alfentanil administered simultaneously by right atrial bolus injection. We derive the equations that permit calculation of the higher order moments of a system consisting of two parallel Erlang density functions and use the results of these calculations from the data for all three indicators to estimate pulmonary capillary blood volume and mean transit time in the dog.     

Preparation of aligned discontinuous fiber pre-pregs by deposition from a suspension

In a process for production of aligned short fiber pre-pregs, fiber suspension passes through a converging channel to emerge as a thin free-surf ace sheet which is laid down onto a reciprocating horizontal filter surface. Following our previous work on fiber alignment in the channel, detailed studies are reported of the suspension sheet falling under gravity, and of the deposition stage. Close agreement is found between computed and experimental velocity profiles for sheets of fiber-free liquid. Modification of the velocities resulting from the presence of fibers aligned in the flow direction is taken into account using an increased extensional viscosity. This is evaluated using pre-existing theory which is tested experimentally and found satisfactory. A simple relationship between velocity and fiber alignment change in the falling sheet is derived and tested experimentally. Alignment is marred by surface disturbances to the sheet. Comments are made on the stability of the free-surface sheet. An experimental study is made of alignment changes as fibers are deposited on the filter, and the results related qualitatively to operating conditions. In general there is little difference in alignment before and after deposition, except close to the leading edge of the filter where alignment loss occurs. Previous work is reviewed and recommendations made on optimum operating conditions.     

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome represents a series of clinical findings that has been observed primarily in Japanese children. The disease now appears to be migrating to this country. It involves the cervical lymph nodes, the skin, and mucus membranes. Although the course is usually benign and self-limiting, a number of deaths have resulted from coronary artery disease.     

Papillary-like bladder calcifications following intravescical mitomycin C. A case report

Hyperplastic pulpitis, which is regarded as one type of asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis, occurs usually in young teeth where pulps are exposed by caries or trauma. If apices are mature, root canal therapy is recommended. In this case, the success of partial pulpotomy in a crown-fractured permanent incisor with hyperplastic pulpitis, which had been contaminated with oral microflora for six months is reported.     

Salen-Co配合物在核-壳结构的Silica上的接枝及催化性能的研究

分别以球状纳米silica和悬浮聚合法制备的核-壳型silica-苯乙烯与丙烯酸甲酯共聚物杂化体为载体,采用化学接枝方法,制备了Salen—Co配合物固载型催化剂。采用FT—IR、TG—DTA和TEM对这些催化剂进行了表征。结果表明：核-壳型催化剂其壳层性质可通过改变两个单体的比例来调变,随单体丙烯酸甲酯比例的增加,壳层由聚苯乙烯占优逐渐过渡到以聚丙烯酸甲酯为主,接枝的钴配合物负载量也相应增加。在以分子氧作氧化剂,异丁醛作牺牲醛,催化环己烯氧化反应中。核-壳型催化剂在反应速度和环氧选择性上均优于silica型催化剂;相反,在反式二苯乙烯氧化反应中,则是后者明显优于前者。造成这种差别的原因很可能与壳层表面聚合物与两个反应底物的亲和力差异显著有关。     

SBA-15-supported ionic liquid compounds containing silver salts: Novel mesoporous π-complexing sorbents for separating polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters

Novel π-complexing sorbents were prepared by covalently immobilizing ionic liquids (ILs) onto mesoporous SBA-15 using a one-pot sol–gel process followed by coating these SBA-15-supported IL compounds with silver salts. The mesoporous π-complexing sorbents were characterized by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), FTIR, TEM, SEM, nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherm, NMR, and nitrogen elemental analysis. Two advantages were obtained using these novel mesoporous π-complexing sorbents versus the traditional π-complexing sorbents formed by directly anchoring silver salts onto silica gel. (1) Higher extraction capacities were found. The extraction capacity for the polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl ester (PUFAME), methyl all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoate (20:5 or EPA), was 195 mg/g sorbent using the mesoporous AgBF₄/SBA-15 · IL · PF₆ sorbent. The capacity decreased to 121 mg/g sorbent with microporous complexing sorbent AgBF₄/SiO₂ · IL · PF₆. (2) Better reusability was also achieved. The supported IL phase immobilized and retained silver salt on SBA-15 due to the interaction between the ionic liquid’s imidazolium cations and silver ions. Eight successive sorption runs with the AgBF₄/SBA-15 · IL · PF₆ sorbent showed a satisfactory reusability. The traditional π-complexing sorbent has a silver salt directly anchored on silica without the supported ionic liquid phase. Higher silver leaching into organic solution occurred from the AgBF₄/SBA-15 sorbent determined by ICP-AES. The combined percentage (wt%) of the omega-3 PUFAMEs: 20:5 and methyl all-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoate (22:6 or DHA) stripped from the AgBF₄/SBA-15 · IL · PF₆ by 1-hexene was significantly enriched from 18% in the original cod liver oil to 90.5%.