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31.
Josée Drillet Nathalie Valle Thierry Iung 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2012,43(13):4947-4956
The current trend toward producing lighter vehicles in the automotive industry is driven by the need to conform to the new exhaust emission control regulations. This objective presents a challenge to steel manufacturers. The difficulty lies in designing new alloys with an optimum strength/formability/cost balance for the various components. Here, the key to success lies in controlling the steel microstructure and especially the phase transformations at the smallest possible scale. Among the different alloying elements, light elements such as carbon and boron are of prime importance due to their major effects on the kinetics of phase transformations. Characterization tools combining high spatial and analytical resolution such as secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and field emission gun-transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used. In this article, the examples presented are as follows. (1) Boron segregation and precipitation effects to control hardenability in martensitic steels. (2) Local carbon distribution in advanced high-strength steels, with a specific emphasis on martensite tempering. Links have been established between the boron and carbon distribution and the formability. 相似文献
32.
Marie-Hélène Masson Sébastien Destercke Thierry Denoeux 《Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications》2016,20(3):939-950
In this paper, we introduce a generic way to represent and manipulate pairwise information about partial orders (representing rankings, preferences, ...) with belief functions. We provide generic and practical tools to make inferences from this pairwise information and illustrate their use on the machine learning problems that are label ranking and multi-label prediction. Our approach differs from most other quantitative approaches handling complete or partial orders, in the sense that partial orders are here considered as primary objects and not as incomplete specifications of ideal but unknown complete orders. 相似文献
33.
Duhamel Cécilie Caballero Jacqueline Couvant Thierry Crépin Jérôme Gaslain Fabrice Guerre Catherine Le Hong-Thaï Wehbi Mickaël 《Oxidation of Metals》2017,88(3-4):447-457
Oxidation of Metals - The present work focuses on the intergranular oxidation of Alloy 600 and its weld material Alloy 82 after exposure in simulated primary water at 340–360 °C... 相似文献
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35.
Nicolas Clabaux Thierry BrenacChristophe Perrin Joël MagninBastien Canu Pierre Van Elslande 《Accident; analysis and prevention》2012
Previous research on motorcycle crashes has shown the frequency and severity of accidents in which a non-priority road user failed to give way to an approaching motorcyclist without seeing him/her, even though the road user had looked in the approaching motorcycle's direction and the motorcycle was visible. These accidents are usually called “looked-but-failed-to-see” (LBFS) accidents. This article deals with the effects that the motorcyclist's speed has in these accidents. It is based on the in-depth study and precise kinematic reconstruction of 44 accident cases involving a motorcyclist and another road user, all occurring in intersections. The results show that, in urban environments, the initial speeds of motorcyclists involved in “looked-but-failed-to-see” accidents are significantly higher than in other accidents at intersections. In rural environments, the difference in speed between LBFS accidents and other accidents is not significant, but further investigations would be necessary to draw any conclusions. These results suggest that speed management, through road design or by other means, could contribute to preventing “looked-but-failed-to-see” motorcycle accidents, at least in urban environments. 相似文献
36.
Gabriel Kalyon Tristan Le Gall Hervé Marchand Thierry Massart 《Discrete Event Dynamic Systems》2012,22(2):121-161
We propose algorithms for the synthesis of state-feedback controllers with partial observation of infinite state discrete
event systems modelled by Symbolic Transition Systems. We provide models of safe memoryless controllers both for potentially
deadlocking and deadlock free controlled systems. The termination of the algorithms solving these problems is ensured using
abstract interpretation techniques which provide an overapproximation of the transitions to disable. We then extend our algorithms
to controllers with memory and to online controllers. We also propose improvements in the synthesis of controllers in the
finite case which, to our knowledge, provide more permissive solutions than what was previously proposed in the literature.
Our tool SMACS gives an empirical validation of our methods by showing their feasibility, usability and efficiency. 相似文献
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38.
Damien Trentesaux Cyrille Pach Abdelghani Bekrar Yves Sallez Thierry Berger Thérèse Bonte Paulo Leitão José Barbosa 《Control Engineering Practice》2013,21(9):1204-1225
Benchmarking is comparing the output of different systems for a given set of input data in order to improve the system’s performance. Faced with the lack of realistic and operational benchmarks that can be used for testing optimization methods and control systems in flexible systems, this paper proposes a benchmark system based on a real production cell. A three-step method is presented: data preparation, experimentation, and reporting. This benchmark allows the evaluation of static optimization performances using traditional operation research tools and the evaluation of control system's robustness faced with unexpected events. 相似文献
39.
This paper addresses the problem of navigating in a provably safe manner a mobile robot with a limited field-of-view placed
in a unknown dynamic environment. In such a situation, absolute motion safety (in the sense that no collision will ever take
place whatever happens in the environment) is impossible to guarantee in general. It is therefore settled for a weaker level
of motion safety dubbed passive motion safety: it guarantees that, if a collision takes place, the robot will be at rest. 相似文献
40.