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71.
72.
JL Van Laethem M Cremer MO Peny M Delhaye J Devière 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,43(6):747-751
Microcapsules are used for the formulation of drug controlled release and drug targeting dosage forms. Encapsulated hydrophobic drugs are often applied as their solutions in plant oils. The uptake of the oils in the complex coacervate microcapsules can be improved by the addition of surfactants. In this study, soybean, olive and peanut oils were chosen as the representatives of plant oils. The well characterized complex coacervation of gelatin and acacia has been used to produce the microcapsules. The amount of encapsulated oil has been determined gravimetrically. The encapsulation of the oils was high (75-80%). When the surfactants with HLB values from 1.8 to 6.7 were used, the amount of encapsulated oil was high (65-85%). A significant decrease of the oil content in the microcapsules was found when Tween 61 with HLB = 9.6 had been added into the mixture. No oil was found inside the microcapsules from the coacervate emulsion mixture containing Tween 81 (HLB = 10) and Tween 80 (HLB = 15), respectively. The results of the experiment confirm the dependence of hydrophobic substance encapsulation on the HLB published recently for Squalan. 相似文献
73.
Solution of temperature fields in hydrodynamics bearings by the numerical network method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Solution to the 2-D steady-state nonlinear heat conduction equation, involving cylindrical coordinates, applied to a plain bearing by a simple and versatile numerical technique based on network method is presented in this work. These advantages of the technique are necessary for the status evaluation of industrial machines during operation because time and computing resources are limited. The pressure field in the fluid is previously solved from the Reynolds equation by finite element method. The main difficulty is associated with the exponential dependency of the viscosity on temperature. The proposed model is very efficient and requires negligible computing times. Solutions are very close to the experimental and numerical results of other researchers. 相似文献
74.
Reviews the book, Psychologie de la famille by Monique V. G. Morval (1985). Morval presents a book with two views: the first looks at the axis of the family in light of systemic approaches and the second centers on the cycle of family life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
75.
Disassembly sequence planning in a disassembly cell context 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper a two-phase approach is proposed for determining the optimal disassembly sequence when the disassembly system has a cellular configuration. Operations are first grouped into cells based on the resources they require with the goal of minimizing machine acquisition costs. The aim is to group together those operations that use similar equipment in order to achieve good utilization levels of such equipment. A maximum cell size may be imposed. Once the cells have been formed and the operations have been assigned to them, a metaheuristic algorithm (namely GRASP) is used to search for the disassembly sequence for each product that leads to the minimum number of intercellular movements. To account for uncertainty regarding the condition in which the product may arrive, each disassembly task is assumed to be required with a certain probability, regardless of the other tasks. AND/OR precedence relations among the disassembly tasks are also considered. The proposed approach is illustrated on a randomly generated disassembly problem. 相似文献
76.
F. -U. Gast P. S. Dittrich P. Schwille M. Weigel M. Mertig J. Opitz U. Queitsch S. Diez B. Lincoln F. Wottawah S. Schinkinger J. Guck J. Käs J. Smolinski K. Salchert C. Werner C. Duschl M. S. Jäger K. Uhlig P. Geggier S. Howitz 《Microfluidics and nanofluidics》2006,2(1):21-36
We describe a novel microfluidic perfusion system for high-resolution microscopes. Its modular design allows pre-coating of
the coverslip surface with reagents, biomolecules, or cells. A poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) layer is cast in a special molding
station, using masters made by photolithography and dry etching of silicon or by photoresist patterning on glass or silicon.
This channel system can be reused while the coverslip is exchanged between experiments. As normal fluidic connectors are used,
the link to external, computer-programmable syringe pumps is standardized and various fluidic channel networks can be used
in the same setup. The system can house hydrogel microvalves and microelectrodes close to the imaging area to control the
influx of reaction partners. We present a range of applications, including single-molecule analysis by fluorescence correlation
spectroscopy (FCS), manipulation of single molecules for nanostructuring by hydrodynamic flow fields or the action of motor
proteins, generation of concentration gradients, trapping and stretching of live cells using optical fibers precisely mounted
in the PDMS layer, and the integration of microelectrodes for actuation and sensing. 相似文献
77.
L. Serra-Majem L. Bassas R. Garcí a-Glosas L. Ribas C. Ingl s I. Casals P. Saavedra A. G. Renwick 《Food Additives & Contaminants》2003,20(12):1097-1104
Cyclamate and its metabolite cyclohexylamine affect male fertility in high dose animal studies, but this affect has not been investigated in epidemiological studies. This paper reports the first epidemiological study designed to investigate the possibility of a relationship between cyclamate and cyclohexylamine and male fertility in humans, in which 405 cases of clinically defined infertility in men and 379 controls were surveyed. Semen evaluation, urine analysis for cyclamate and cyclohexylamine and dietary questionnaires were compared between cases and controls. No evidence was found of a significant association between cyclamate intake and male infertility; neither high cyclamate nor high cyclohexylamine excretion were associated with elevated risk. The lack of association remained after adjusting by age, area of residence, education, total energy intake and other variables. No significant correlations were observed between cyclamate intake, metabolism or excretion, and sperm count and motility. The results demonstrate no effect of cyclamate or cyclohexylamine on male fertility at the present levels of cyclamate consumption. 相似文献
78.
Peter Eaton Andrea Ragusa Caroline Clavel Cristina T Rojas Paul Graham Raúl V Durán Soledad Penadés 《IEEE transactions on nanobioscience》2007,6(4):309-318
Glyconanoparticles which present carbohydrate and amino groups motifs at their surface were produced. These particles were highly stable and soluble in aqueous solutions. The presence of the carbohydrate groups also allowed the inclusion of more strongly binding groups, without affecting solubility. The binding of a model DNA, plasmid by these nanoparticles was studied by atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and gel electrophoresis. Significant differences between the nanoparticles based on their affinities for the DNA were found, with implications for their potential use as nonviral gene delivery agents. 相似文献
79.
Hybrid Approach for Addressing Uncertainty in Risk Assessments 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Dominique Guyonnet Bernard Bourgine Didier Dubois Hélène Fargier Bernard C?me Jean-Paul Chilès 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,129(1):68-78
Parameter uncertainty is a major aspect of the model-based estimation of the risk of human exposure to pollutants. The Monte Carlo method, which applies probability theory to address model parameter uncertainty, relies on a statistical representation of available information. In recent years, other uncertainty theories have been proposed as alternative approaches to address model parameter uncertainty in situations where available information is insufficient to identify statistically representative probability distributions, due in particular to data scarcity. The simplest such theory is possibility theory, which uses so-called fuzzy numbers to represent model parameter uncertainty. In practice, it may occur that certain model parameters can be reasonably represented by probability distributions, because there are sufficient data available to substantiate such distributions by statistical analysis, while others are better represented by fuzzy numbers (due to data scarcity). The question then arises as to how these two modes of representation of model parameter uncertainty can be combined for the purpose of estimating the risk of exposure. This paper proposes an approach (termed a hybrid approach) which combines Monte Carlo random sampling of probability distribution functions with fuzzy calculus. The approach is applied to a real case of estimation of human exposure, via vegetable consumption, to cadmium present in the surficial soils of an industrial site located in the north of France. The application illustrates the potential of the proposed approach, which allows the uncertainty affecting model parameters to be represented in a way that is consistent with the information at hand. Also, because the hybrid approach takes advantage of the “rich” information provided by probability distributions, while retaining the conservative character of fuzzy calculus, it is believed to hold value in terms of a “reasonable” application of the precautionary principle. 相似文献
80.
María Pinto Dora Sales Anne-Vinciane Doucet Andrés Fernández-Ramos David Guerrero 《Scientometrics》2007,72(2):345-370
The purpose of the study proposed in this paper is to evaluate the Spanish public university websites dedicated to the European
Higher Education Area (EHEA). To do so, the quality of these resources has been analysed in the light of data provided by
a series of indicators grouped in seven criteria, most of which were used to determine what information is made available
and in what way. The criteria used in our analysis are: visibility, authority, updatedness, accesibility, correctness and
completeness, quality assessment and navigability.
All in all, the results allow us to carry out an overall diagnosis of the situation and also provide us with information about
the situation at each university, thus revealing their main strengths, namely authority and navegability, and also their chief
shortcomings: updatedness, accessibility and quality assessment. In this way it is possible to detect the best practices in
each of the aspects evaluated so that they can serve as an example and guide for universities with greater deficiencies and
thus help them to improve their EHEA websites. 相似文献