An overview of multi-antenna technologies for space-ground integrated networks

Multi-antenna technologies have already achieved a series of great successes in the development of information networks. For future space-ground integrated networks (SGINs), the traditional various kinds of separated information networks will converge to a whole fully connected information network to provide more flexible and reliable services on a world scale. Regarding their great successes in existing systems, multiantenna technologies will be of critical importance for the realization of SGINs and multi-antenna technologies are definitely one of the most important enabling technologies for future converged SGINs. In this article, a comprehensive overview on multi-antenna technologies is given. We first investigate multi-antenna technologies from a theoretical viewpoint. It is shown that we can understand multi-antenna technologies in a general and unified point of view. This fact has two-fold meanings. First, the research on multi-antennas can help us understand the relationships between different technologies e.g., OFDMA, CDMA, etc. On the other hand, multi-antenna technologies are easy to integrate into various information systems. Following that, we discuss in depth the potentials and challenges of the multi-antenna technologies on different platforms and in different applications case by case. More specifically, we investigate spaceborne multi-antenna technologies, airborne multi-antenna technologies, shipborne multi-antenna technologies, etc. Moreover, the combinations of multiantenna technologies with other advanced wireless technologies e.g., physical layer network coding, cooperative communication, etc., are also elaborated.     

On ADRC for non-minimum phase systems: canonical form selection and stability conditions

Active disturbance rejection control (ADRC), as proposed by Prof. Jingqing Han, reduces first the plant dynamics to its canonical form, normally in the form of cascade integrators, for which the standard controller can be employed to meet the design specifications. This paper concerns with the selection of the canonical form for non-minimum phase systems. In particular, it is shown that, by employing the well known controllable canonical form, the uncertainties of such systems can be divided into two terms in the state space model, one in the control channel and the other in the output channel. The necessary and sufficient condition is obtained for the stability of the closed-loop system with the proposed canonical form and ADRC. Also, by showing the necessity of the detectability of the extended system as well as certain information of the systemˉs “zeros”, we present the fundamental guidelines of design ADRC for non-minimum phase uncertain systems.     

A yield-enhanced global optimization methodology for analog circuit based on extreme value theory

The challenge in variation-aware circuit optimization with consideration of yield is the trade-off between optimized performance, yield and optimization runtime. This paper presents a practical variationaware circuit global optimization framework named GOYE, which shows the advantages on performance, yield and runtime. It uses an approach called constraint violation elimination (CVE) in global search phase to prune initial starting points and uses the gradient-based method in local search to locate optimum. The worst-case analysis (WCA), which is necessary for variation-aware circuit optimization, is nested in the local optimization process. The efficiency is significantly improved by a novel method based on extreme value theory (EVT). Our EVT-based method is also the first one that allows users to control the target yield such that under-design or over-design can be avoided. A design example in TSMC 65 nm technology is illustrated in the paper where all performance achieves three-sigma yield with consideration of environmental and inter-die/intra-die process variations.     

Active disturbance rejection control: between the formulation in time and the understanding in frequency

With the rapid deployments of the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) as a bonafide industrial technology in the background, this paper summarizes some recent results in the analysis of linear ADRC and offers explanations in the frequency response language with which practicing engineers are familiar. Critical to this endeavor is the concept of bandwidth, which has been used in a more general sense. It is this concept that can serve as the link between the otherwise opaque state space formulation of the ADRC and the command design considerations and concerns shared by practicing engineers. The remarkable characteristics of a simple linear ADRC was first shown in the frequency domain, followed by the corresponding analysis in time domain, where the relationship between the tracking error and the ADRC bandwidth is established. It is shown that such insight is only possible by using the method of solving linear differential equations, instead of the more traditional techniques such as the Lyapunov methods, which tend to be more conservative and difficult to grasp by engineers. The insight obtained from such analysis is further demonstrated in the simulation validation.     

基于云服务的计算化学社区

中国科学院超算环境是由中国科学院统筹规划建设的“院总中心-分中心-所级中心”三层结构的超级计算环境,环境的资源聚合使用网格中间件 SCE,并使用 API 接口对外提供服务。依托超算环境建设的科学计算学云服务社区采用软件即服务的模式,使用浏览器/服务器结构来提供专业交互式的计算化学科学计算服务,以“降低使用门槛、提高使用效率,助跑计算化学用户的科学研究工作”为目标,为广大科研用户提供“一站式”计算的 Web 服务模式和异构资源协同工作模式。本文同时介绍了社区的建设应用情况以及环境的运行、监控情况。     

Efficient identity-based signature over NTRU lattice

Identity-based signature has become an important technique for lightweight authentication as soon as it was proposed in 1984. Thereafter, identity-based signature schemes based on the integer factorization problem and discrete logarithm problem were proposed one after another. Nevertheless, the rapid development of quantum computers makes them insecure. Recently, many efforts have been made to construct identity-based signatures over lattice assumptions against attacks in the quantum era. However, their efficiency is not very satisfactory. In this study, an efficient identity-based signature scheme is presented over the number theory research unit (NTRU) lattice assumption. The new scheme is more efficient than other lattice- and identity-based signature schemes. The new scheme proves to be unforgeable against the adaptively chosen message attack in the random oracle model under the hardness of the γ-shortest vector problem on the NTRU lattice.     

A scalable and automatic mechanism for resource allocation in self-organizing cloud

Taking advantage of the huge potential of consumers’ untapped computing power, self-organizing cloud is a novel computing paradigm where the consumers are able to contribute/sell their computing resources. Meanwhile, host machines held by the consumers are connected by a peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay network on the Internet. In this new architecture, due to large and varying multitudes of resources and prices, it is inefficient and tedious for consumers to select the proper resource manually. Thus, there is a high demand for a scalable and automatic mechanism to accomplish resource allocation. In view of this challenge, this paper proposes two novel economic strategies based on mechanism design. Concretely, we apply the Modified Vickrey Auction (MVA) mechanism to the case where the resource is sufficient; and the Continuous Double Auction (CDA) mechanism is employed when the resource is insufficient. We also prove that aforementioned mechanisms have dominant strategy incentive compatibility. Finally, extensive experiment results are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed strategies in terms of procurement cost and execution efficiency.     

A cross-layer approach for partition detection at overlay layer for structured P2P in MANETs

Due to limited radio range and mobility of nodes in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), the network partitioning and merging could occur frequently. When structured peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are running over MANETs, then network partition in the physical network can also cause network partition at the overlay layer. Existing approaches for structured P2P overlay over MANETs do not detect network partition at the overlay layer. This paper proposes a cross-layer approach to detect network partition at the overlay layer for structured P2P overlay over MANETs. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is highly effective and efficient in terms of routing overhead, success ratio and false-negative ratio.     

渭河关中段水污染状况与防治对策

根据渭河典型断面水环境监测资料,对渭河关中段水污染状况、成因进行了研究。结果表明:"十五"期间,中下游的咸阳铁桥和潼关吊桥两个断面COD、NH3-N严重超标,几乎完全丧失了河流生态功能;"十一五"以来,咸阳铁桥和潼关吊桥两个断面COD、NH3-N浓度明显下降,水质持续好转;NH3-N浓度与径流量关系密切,枯水期NH3-N浓度明显高于丰水期;与NH3-N浓度丰水期、枯水期差别较大不同,随着COD浓度的大幅降低,加之丰水期非点源污染物产生量大,丰水期、枯水期COD浓度无明显差别;渭河水污染的成因一是水资源短缺、水环境容量小,二是入河污染物量大。针对以渭河为代表的缺水重污染河流,提出水污染防治对策:控制工业污染来源,减少入河污染物量;完善城镇生活污水和农业污染源的收集、处理;保障河道生态基流,提高水环境容量;制定水环境治理战略。     

论经济新常态下水利水电工程建设管理之完善

在经济新常态背景下,从节约国家资源、降低成本、提高质量效率、保护生态环境、最大限度发挥水利水电工程作用出发,水利水电工程建设与管理工作也应适应新常态。水利水电事业的发展应告别过去传统粗放的高速增长模式,放稳速度,抓质量,重效益,求精细,保持科学合理的可持续稳定增长。对新常态下如何完善水利水电工程建设与管理展开了探讨,旨在解决当前水利水电工程建设与管理中存在的问题,促进水利水电事业的科学发展。