主流电子交易网站账户安全登录模式缺陷与安全设计

账户的使用是互联网的基础应用之一。由于传统账户登录方式存在极大的安全隐患,不少大型电子交易网站如银行、淘宝等逐步采用了安全控件登录的方式。文章对安全登录、传输以及身份认证过程进行了分析,指出了其中存在的重放攻击漏洞,提出了采用时间戳的公钥登陆安全模型来解决漏洞的方法。     

FPC市场与技术展望

该文叙述了挠性印制板在电子设备中应用,市场的重点,电子设备对挠性印制板的要求以及技术发展趋势。     

调Q脉冲YAG三波长激光诱导液相沉积Si基Ni-Pd-P纳米膜

使用脉冲三波长Nd：YAG激光实现了室温下半导体硅上化学沉积Ni-Pd-P纳米膜。SEM结果表明,激光诱导化学沉积Ni-Pd－P纳米膜具有良好的选择性。经STM测试发现,由于激光作用,镀层不仅沿表面生长,而且在厚度方向上也不断增厚。极化曲线测试表明,短时间激光诱导沉积的Ni-Pd-P纳米膜具有优异的析氢催化性能。     

Delay time in GaAs high-power photoconductive switches

The delay time defined as the time interval between the beginning of optical illumination and the onset of switching in photocurrent in gallium arsenide (GaAs) high-power photoconductivity switches is studied on the basis of electroabsorption caused by absorption edge shifting due to bandgap narrowing. The influences of the initial open-state field, the laser wavelength and the temperature are given. The results show it is the reflection and the transmission of the switch semiconductor slab indicated by the absorption fraction express the absorption rate of the illumination energy by the switch     

An Airborne Radar Clutter Tracking Algorithm Based on Multifractal and Fuzzy C-Mean Cluster

For an airborne Iookdown radar, clutter power often changes dynamically about 80 dB with wide distributions as the platform moves. Therefore, clutter tracking techniques are required to guide the selection of const false alarm rate （CFAR） schemes. In this work, clutter tracking is done in image domain and an algorithm combining multifractal and fuzzy C-mean （FCM） cluster is proposed. The clutter with large dynamic distributions in power density is converted to steady distributions of multifractal exponents by the multifractal transformation with the optimum moment. Then, later, the main lobe and side lobe are tracked from the multifractal exponents by FCM clustering method.     

Ultra-Wideband Electrostrictive Mechanical Antenna

Mechanical antennas based on piezoelectric materials can effectively reduce the size of long wave antennas down to 1/1000 of the wavelength (from km scale to mm level). However, the narrow bandwidth and weak field intensity seriously restrict its practical applications in transmission distance and channel capacity. Here, a mechanical antenna-based electrostrictive effect of relaxor ferroelectric ceramic (PMN-PT) is proposed to improve radiation capacity and achieve ultra-wideband characteristics (10 kHz–1 MHz). Due to the ultra-high dielectric constant at working temperature and the relationship between the strain and applied field intensity, the proposed antenna gets rid of the dependence on the poled materials and exhibits excellent communication properties beyond traditional mechanical antennas, which are experimentally demonstrated by a practical wireless communication system. Only using a single proposed mechanical antenna with 8 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness, the effective communication with a transmission distance of 200 m can be realized. This design offers a promising way of constructing mechanical antennas for long-wave communication.     

恶意代码分析技术综述

随着全球信息化的不断推进,整个世界越来越被连成一个整体,威胁计算机系统安全的领域也越来越广泛,其中以恶意代码最为严重。而随着计算机系统安全攻击与防御技术的不断较量,恶意代码的攻击手法、攻击形式也越来越趋于隐秘化、复杂化。因此,有必要对当下的恶意代码分析技术进行总结,从中发现新的发展方向,以应对不断变化的恶意代码形势。     

Novel last passage time based jitter model with application to low slew rate/high noise ring oscillator

In a ring oscillator, the behaviour in which the output voltage ramp (up/down) of its individual delay cell crosses the threshold, which triggers the next stage delay cell, is crucial in determining the timing jitter, and hence phase noise. Specifically, as the slew rate of the ramp decreases and/or the amount of noise contribution from the transistors in the delay cell increases, the voltage ramp (up or down) has a higher probability of crossing the threshold multiple times, before finally passing it at a time denoted as last passage time, which is more accurate than the conventional first passage time model. This multiple crossing results in a higher jitter. In the past, investigation in last passage time jitter model results in jitter expression that can only be calculated numerically and thus no design guidelines/insights are apparent. In this paper, a novel model is presented with a simple closed form formula, which shows the extra jitter, due to multiple crossing, adds a term that increases as a function of the fourth power of the noise strength/slew rate ratio. The formula is applied to a real life practical low slow rate/high noise ring oscillator which finds application, for example, in random number generator implementation. Corresponding transistor level simulation results agree reasonably well with the model. Furthermore, it is shown that, on example designs, the last passage time approach in this paper can lead to time jitter that is 100 % larger than that due to conventional first passage time model.     

视觉显著性检测：一种融合长期和短期特征的信息论算法

针对传统视觉显著性检测算法单纯使用当前观测图像的信息或是先验知识的不足,该文引入了长期特征和短期特征的概念,分别代表先验知识和当前观测图像的信息,并提出了一种基于信息论的算法将它们融合。首先,分别根据人眼跟踪数据和当前观测图像的内容来训练长期和短期稀疏词典并对图像进行稀疏编码,将得到的稀疏编码作为长期和短期特征。其次,针对现有算法只能在整幅图像上或是在一个固定大小的局部邻域内进行统计的缺陷,该文提出一种基于信息熵的特征概率分布估计方法,该方法可以根据当前观测图像的具体情况自适应地选择一个最佳的区域大小来计算长期和短期特征出现的概率。最后,利用香农自信息来输出图像的显著性检测结果。同8种流行算法在公开的人眼跟踪测试库上进行的主观和定量的实验对比证明了该文算法的有效性。     

Spatial pooling for measuring color printing quality attributes

Many objective image quality assessment algorithms firstly apply quality metrics in local regions that results in a quality map, and then pool the quality values in the quality map into a single quality score. The simplest pooling method is the average of quality values, which assumes that all the quality values are independent and equally important. However, visual perception is so complex that the assumption underlying average pooling might be too strict. There is an agreement that some regions in the images might be more perceptually significant, which leads to more advanced spatial pooling methods. In this work we evaluate existing spatial pooling methods for five important quality attributes, which are proposed to reduce the complexity of image quality assessment. The results show that: (1) more advanced spatial pooling methods are generally better than simple average; (2) spatial pooling depends on both image quality metrics and the attributes of the image.