大学生树立理性婚恋观的几点思考

于2005年9月1日正式实施的《普通高等学校学生管理规定》对于在校大学生能否结婚给出了明确、肯定的答案。详尽分析了在校大学生不宜结婚的主客观原因,提出应大力开展“爱情教育”和营造良好精神氛围以帮助大学生树立理性婚恋观。     

胶粉改性聚苯乙烯材料的制备与性能

以聚苯乙烯(PS)为基体材料,制备废旧胶粉(WRP)改性聚苯乙烯材料;并探讨了胶粉增韧剂SBS和偶联剂用量对胶粉改性聚苯乙烯材料的综合物理性能的影响.     

Key techniques for predicting the uncertain trajectories of moving objects with dynamic environment awareness

Railway Engineering Science - Emerging technologies of wireless and mobile communication enable people to accumulate a large volume of time-stamped locations, which appear in the form of a...     

Graft copolymerization studies. III. Methyl methacrylate onto polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate

The tert‐butoxy radical‐facilitated grafting of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto commercial polypropylene (PP) pellets and fiber was investigated in heterogeneous conditions similar to practical systems. Free‐radical grafting of several other monomers onto PP fiber was also investigated. Also, preliminary data from the grafting of MMA onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) pellets is presented. The PP‐graft‐PMMA residues were detected by solid‐state ¹³C‐NMR and photoacoustic IR spectroscopy. There was a good correlation between the degree of grafting (DG) determined from these spectroscopic techniques and the results from gravimetric methods. A maximum grafting efficiency of over 50% was found, whereas DG (20%) remained constant at various PP pellet, initiator, and monomer concentrations. However, at relatively low PP fiber concentrations, the DG was 27%; the increase was most likely due to the greater surface area of the fiber. There was also a reduction in DG (14%) at relatively low initiator concentrations. The reaction conditions were altered to favor grafting by the addition of more polymer substrate. When the ratio of tert‐butoxy radicals to PP was decreased, more of the substrate remained unmodified, and empirical calculations showed the formation of grafts with up to 40 monomer units. At high initiator concentrations, calculations showed that the graft residues were 1–2 units long. Therefore, variation of the polymer, initiator, and monomer concentrations was shown to have a significant effect on grafting. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 898–915, 2002     

纸制备SiC/Si层状陶瓷复合材料的微观结构和性能

本文以纸为原料,通过叠层设计、低温碳化和高温渗硅制备了具有层状结构特征的SiC/Si陶瓷复合材料。并采用XRD、SEM和三点弯曲等分析测试手段对其相组成、微观结构和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明:纸碳化后为非晶形的碳;渗硅后试样的相组成为β-SiC相、自由Si相和残C相。叠层纸碳化后的微观结构为含有大量扁长空洞的碳骨架,渗硅后得到的SiC陶瓷复合材料具有明显的层状结构特征。三点弯曲实验表明,SiC/Si陶瓷复合材料的强度高达290MPa,达到了常规反应烧结SiC陶瓷的强度水平;且其断裂方式为非灾难性断裂,分析认为这与材料的层状结构形貌有关。     

索承式桥梁吊索钢丝腐蚀疲劳寿命评估

根据吊索镀锌钢丝腐蚀疲劳破坏特点,把镀锌钢丝腐蚀疲劳纹形成和扩展过程分解成镀锌层腐蚀失效、蚀坑萌生、蚀坑形成、短裂纹扩展、长裂纹扩展和断裂破坏等阶段,建立各阶段时间表达式,得到镀锌钢丝疲劳寿命表达式,提出基于断裂力学的吊索钢丝腐蚀疲劳寿命评估研究结果方法。通过算例分析复杂运营条件下腐蚀环境和应力幅等因素对吊索钢丝腐蚀疲劳寿命的影响,研究结果表明：吊索钢丝腐蚀疲劳寿命主要由钢丝镀锌层腐蚀、蚀坑发展和短裂纹扩展等3个阶段组成,为了准确地评估吊索腐蚀疲劳寿命,需要掌握大桥的运营环境和交通荷载。     

混杂PVA-ECC配合比优化设计及力学性能试验研究

为了降低工程用水泥基复合材料(ECC, Engineered Cementitious Composites)制造成本,使ECC能够在实际工程中大规模应用,将中国产PVA纤维和日本产PVA纤维以一定的比例混合,配制混杂PVA-ECC。基于ECC的材料设计理论,兼顾抗压强度和受拉能力,对掺有硅粉的混杂PVA-ECC中的纤维体积含量进行了优化设计。通过四点弯曲试验和轴心抗压试验,研究了混杂PVA-ECC在不同龄期下的弯曲性能和抗压性能。试验结果表明,混杂PVA-ECC试件均表现出明显的应变硬化和多缝开裂的特征,此外,其抗压强度后期增长明显。基于UM法,提出一种改进的反分析方法,可利用四点弯曲试验结果推导ECC的极限拉伸应变,并与试验结果进行了比较,结果表明,通过建议的反分析方法得到的预测值与试验值吻合较好。     

动态社会网络的社团结构检测与分析

真实社会网络如邮件、科学合作、对等网络等均可以用图进行建模. 近年来, 基于图的社团挖掘吸引了人们越来越多的研究兴趣, 它不仅可以帮助识别网络的整体结构, 还可以发现社团演变的隐藏规律. 尽管使用静态图进行社团挖掘已经被广泛采用, 但基于动态图的研究还比较少. 通过使用时间序列, 对动态图上的社团挖掘包括社团检测与分析进行研究, 提出了一个新的动态社团结构检测模型, 并采用真实网络数据集进行了实验. 实验结果显示该模型在社团结构发现的有效性和效率性方面均有着良好的表现.     

预制预应力混凝土方桩产生裂缝的原因与解决措施

在预制预应力钢筋混凝土空心方桩时,由于收缩、温度、地基沉降及人为操作不当等多种原因,在桩身局部表面往往容易出现各种裂缝,严重影响方桩的内在和外观质量,大大降低了桩基的耐久性,给工程带来极大的危害。本文重点分析了裂缝产生的原因、解决措施和对策及裂缝的处理方法。