Novel method for preparation of quaternary ammonium ionomer from epoxidized styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer and its use as compatibilizer for blending of styrene–butadiene–styrene and chlorosulfonated polyethylene

A novel method for the preparation of a quaternary ammonium ionomer of styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) was developed by a ring‐opening reaction of epoxidized SBS with triethylamine hydrochloride in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. The optimum conditions were studied. The ionomer was characterized by quantitative analysis, IR spectroscopy, and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy. Its water absorbency, oil absorbency, dilute solution viscosity, and use as a compatibilizer for the blending of SBS and chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) were investigated. The results showed that, under optimum conditions, the epoxy groups can be completely converted to the quaternary ammonium groups. The IR spectrum did not exhibit the absorption peak for quaternary ammonium groups, whereas the ¹H‐NMR spectrum and titration method demonstrated it. With increasing ionic group content, the water absorbency of the ionomer increased whereas its oil absorbency decreased. These indicated the amphiphilic character of the SBS ionomer. The dilute solution viscosity of the ionomer in toluene/methanol (9/1) solvent increased with increasing quaternary ammonium group content. The ionomer was used as a compatibilizer for the blends of SBS and CSPE. The addition of a small amount of the ionomer to the blend enhanced the mechanical properties of the blends: 2 wt % ionomer based on the blend increased the tensile strength and ultimate elongation of the blend nearly 2 times. The blends of equal parts SBS and CSPE behaved as oil‐resistant thermoplastic elastomers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 1975–1980, 2006     

Gd_3Al_5O_(12)∶Eu~(3 )柠檬酸盐硝酸盐燃烧法合成及其发光性能研究

采用柠檬酸盐硝酸盐燃烧法,在较低的温度(900℃)下成功地合成单一晶相Gd3Al5O12∶Eu3 发光粉体,紫外激发荧光光谱分析表明,粉体615 nm和593 nm荧光发射源于Eu3 的5D0-7F2和5D0-7F1跃迁.该方法中各工艺条件(如pH值、柠檬酸/金属离子比、煅烧温度)对Gd3Al5O12∶Eu3 发光性能均有影响,通过试验得出了获得最佳发光性能荧光粉体的工艺参数.     

高层级轮胎各层帘布裁断角度的计算方法

提出一种新的确定高层级轮胎内外各层帘布裁断角度的方法。根据各层帘布在成品胎内部的材料分布图和在成型机头上的材料分布图，计算该层所在的机头宽度，比较计算的机头宽度和实际的机头宽度，通过调整帘布裁断角度使两者近似相等。以此确定各层帘布的裁断角度，达到内外层帘线均匀伸张的目的。     

7.50-16 12PR轻型载重轮胎的优化设计

介绍轻型载重轮胎的优化设计。采取的主要措施是：减小轮胎外缘尺寸，外直径由８０８ｍｍ减至７９８ｍｍ，断面宽由１９８ｍｍ减至１９５ｍｍ；胎面花纹以纵向花纹为主，肩部为纵横结合花纹并加深肩部通挖花纹沟的深度，改善肩部生热；胎体帘布采用加粗减层的方法，用６层１８７０ｄｔｅｘ／２尼龙帘布代替８层１４００ｄｔｅｘ／２帘布。优化轮胎重量减轻４ｋｇ，轮胎性能符合国家标准。     

微机用于抛物线齿同步带传动强度理论的研究

采用啮合原理与弹性力学复交函数相结合的方法，借助计算机对抛物线齿同步带传动强度理论进行了系统研究，并将整个计算过程编制成ＲＨＤＧＲＡＰＨ软件。利用该软件进行了带齿和轮齿及刀具齿形设计、啮合原理分析、应力和变形计算、刀具可加工最小齿数的确定及加工误差分布计算。     

Crystallization Behaviors of amino-terminated polyurethane (ATPU)-grafted polypropylene

Summary A melt-grafting approach was employed to prepare a novel functional polypropylene(FPP)—amino-terminated polyurethane grafted polypropylene (PP-g-ATPU). The crystallization behaviors of PP and PP/FPP blends were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). The effects of FPP composition on crystallization behavior, crystal transformation, and morphology of PP/FPP crystalline were investigated. The results showed that at a low dosage (<2.0 wt%) ATPU acted as a heterogeneous nucleation agent during the crystallization of PP/FPP blends. However, when the content of ATPU reached 2.0 wt% or higher, ATPU deteriorated the crystallization of PP or PP/FPP blends. The crystallite size decreased and the number of crystallites increased as the ATPU content increased. The Avrami analysis was adopted to describe the isothermal crystallization process. The difference in the exponent n between PP and PP/FPP suggested that the isothermal crystallization kinetics of PP/FPP blends followed a three-dimensional growth via heterogeneous nucleation. In terms of the half-time of the crystallization, t_1/2, the crystallization rate of functional PP blends was faster than that of PP homopolymer at a given crystallization temperature.     

Direct synthesis of electrorheological suspension containing salt of poly(methacrylic acid) and its electrorheological effect

Colloidal suspensions containing salts of poly(methacrylic acid) which exhibit high electrorheological (ER) activity were synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization. Factors influencing the ER effect were studied. The results showed that maximum yield stress occurred at optimum amounts of both polymeric stabilizer and crosslinking agent used in the inverse emulsion polymerization as well as a certain water content of the particles, while yield stress increased with electric field strength, average diameter of the particles below 0.9 μm, or the molar ratio of the salt to the acid. The ER activity for the suspensions containing different monovalent counter ions decreased in the following order: Li⁺ > Na⁺ > K⁺ > NH₄⁺. The phenomena were discussed with the ionic polarization mechanism. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

接受理论视角下的儿童文学翻译

接受理论的基本观点对儿童文学翻译研究也具有一定的启发和借鉴作用:译者在翻译的过程中不仅要尊重原文和原作者.也要尊重译文的目标语读者--儿童,充分考虑儿童读者的期待视野,从而实现原文与译者期待视野、译文与儿童读者期待视野之间的视野融合.     

同业对标在供电所管理中的应用

在电力企业中,作为最基层单位的供电所,担负着直接向用户供电、为用户服务的重任.随着县域经济的不断发展,供电负荷持续上升,配网规模随之壮大,供电所地位日益重要.在新形势下提高供电所管理水平,成为电力企业当前管理工作中的重点.通过构建供电所同业对标平台,各供电所之间互相对标,取长补短,有效提升了供电所管理水平,促进农电事业的发展,为供电所管理提供了一种新思路和方法.     

基于OMRONPLC三层网络的蛋粉加工DCS系统

研究并验证了OMRON PLC的网络通信功能。对其PLC的典型应用三层网络架构,即Ether-net(信息层)、Controller Link(控制层)和DeviceNet(设备层)进行了深入研究,详细论述了OMRONPLC三层网络组成DCS的建立方法、数据传输的过程以及PLC网络编程技术的实现,并采用OMRONPLC的三层网络架构组成DCS控制系统,将这种DCS系统成功地运用到了蛋粉生产过程控制中。结果表明,通过DCS系统实现了对蛋粉生产过程的远程监控。