Effect of friction reclaimed materials of waste brake-shoe on basic performance of mortar

Discarded train brake shoes mainly consist of steel-backed friction material. To be better reutilized, its essential features and its interaction in cement-based material need to be studied. Consequently, particle size analysis, SEM, IR and TGA were used to investigate two types of waste brake shoes, i e, mechanical grinding friction reclaimed material of waste brake-shoe (G-FRMWBS) and pyrolysis-friction reclaimed materials of waste brake-shoe (P-FRMWBS). The latter exhibited less organic content, larger range of particle size distribution and smaller medium particle diameter. Both types contained inorganic particles of spherical and irregular shapes, striped with steel fiber. Upon isometric substituting fine aggregates, G-FRMWBS lifted the strength of mortar effectively that was increased by 16.6% and 17.5% when the replacing rate was 5%; the value went up to 19.2% and 19.2% when the replacing rate was 10%. Moreover, inclusion of FRMWBS enhanced the chloride penetration resistance, and optimized the pore characteristic and ITZ (interfacial transition zone) as well.     

Microstructure and growth kinetics of silicide coatings for TiAl alloy

In order to improve the oxidation resistance of Ti Al alloy, silicide coatings were prepared by pack cementation method at 1273, 1323, and 1373 K for 1-3 hours. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) were employed to investigate the microstructures and phase constitutions of the coatings. The experimental results show that all silicon deposition coatings have multi-layer structure. The microstructure and composition of silicide coatings strongly depend on siliconizing temperatures. In order to investigate the rate controlling step of pack siliconizing on Ti Al alloy, coating growth kinetics was analyzed by measuring the mass gains per unit area of silicided samples as a function of time and temperature. The results showed that the rate controlling step was gas-phase diffusion step and the growth rate constant(k) ranged from 1.53 mg~2/(cm~4·h~2) to 2.3 mg~2/(cm~4·h~2). Activation energy(Q) for the process was calculated as 109 k J/mol, determined by Arrhenius' equation: k = k0 exp[–Q/(RT)].     

Synthesis of HTPB based PU-PS IPN membrane for pervaporation recovery of butanol

Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) based polyurethane(PU)-polystyrene(PS) interpenetrating polymer network(IPN) was prepared and characterized by FTIR, TGA, WCA, swelling experiments, and SEM. The IPN was used for pervaporation(PV) recovery of butanol. Both the permeation flux and separation factor increased with feed temperature, and both water and butanol fluxes increased with feed concentration while no obvious effect of concentration on separation factor was found. Through the formation of IPN structure, the total flux of HTPB based PU increased greatly with the decrease of separation factor. At the feed temperature of 60 °C, the IPN membrane obtained a total flux of 613.3 g/m~2 h with a separation factor of 6.15.     

办公建筑中空调形式对室内外PM2.5浓度相关性的影响

室外PM2.5可通过新风及围护结构缝隙渗透至室内,室外PM2.5较高时尤为明显,结果导致室内空气中的PM2.5浓度上升。为了研究空调形式对室内外PM2.5浓度相关性的影响,在2015年夏季对重庆某办公建筑中采用不同空调形式的室内外PM2.5浓度进行了实测。实测结果发现：集中式空调、分体式空调和非空调房间室内外PM2.5浓度比变化范围分别为0.59～0.76、0.47～0.76、0.71～0.91。室内外PM2.5浓度相关性系数的排序为：集中式空调环境（0.94）> 非空调环境（0.92）> 分体式空调环境（0.77）,研究结果表明,办公建筑的空调形式,对室内外PM2.5浓度的相关性有影响。     

音频大地电磁测深在某隧道工程中的应用

音频大地电磁(AMT)在隧道的工程地质勘察是一种非常有效的方法,它具有不受高阻屏蔽、轻便、探测深度相对较大等优点,在宏观上可以查明隧道地层岩性分界、地质构造及其赋水性。以某隧道音频大地电磁勘察为例,分别对AMT的采集手段、工频干扰去噪、静态校正、反演方法等关键技术问题进行分析,并结合实际资料对该工作区的地层分布、断层及其破碎带的赋水情况等进行分析和解释,在其应用中取得了理想的效果。     

SM-30磁化率仪的工作原理探讨

SM-30磁化率仪具有仪器轻巧、使用方便、测定快捷等多项优点,因此在磁法勘探中具有广泛的应用。从SM-30的原理框图流程入手,简述了SM-30磁化率仪内部的各元件组成及其工作流程,并介绍了推断模式的操作流程,最后从电气部分推导了SM-30磁化率仪内部振荡器的频率变化与外部待测物体磁化率间的线性关系,揭示了SM-30磁化率仪的工作原理,让广大地质工作者能够更好地掌握及使用SM-30磁化率仪。     

地震波层析成像探测技术与水平定向钻拉管技术在地下障碍物探测中的应用

顶管施工属于非开挖施工方法,是一种不开挖或者少开挖的管道埋设施工技术,该项技术彻底解决了管道埋设施工中对城市建筑物的破坏和道路交通的堵塞等难题,在稳定土层和环境保护方面凸显其优势。但是,在顶管施工过程中一旦遇到地下障碍物,将导致顶管顶力突然增大,顶管顶进方向偏离设计轴线,严重影响顶管施工的顺利进行。福州市某污水顶管施工需要穿越河道,通过前期资料收集发现,河道两侧可能存在护岸抛石等地下障碍物。为了查明护岸抛石的分布情况,综合应用了地震波层析成像探测技术与水平定向钻拉管技术进行探测,既为后期顶管施工的顺利进行提供了参考依据,又降低了探测成本,提高了探测效率。     

延安新区压实Q_2黄土增湿变形特性研究

以延安新区黄土高填方工程建设为依托,开展了16组不同初始压实度和初始含水率条件下的压实Q_2黄土高压力下的增湿变形试验,分析不同压实度和含水率条件下增湿变形系数随压力增大的变化规律及影响增湿变形特性的主要因素。结果表明,不同初始压实度和初始含水率条件下的曲线形态差异较大;压实Q_2黄土的增湿变形特性受压实度和含水率影响很大,提高压实度和含水率可以显著减小其遇水饱和后的增湿变形量,将压实度提高至90%或将含水率增大至16.8%时,压实Q_2黄土不再发生湿陷变形。     

Path planning of a free-floating space robot based on the degree of controllability

An effective and more efficient path planning algorithm is developed for a kinematically non-redundant free-floating space robot (FFSR) system by proposing a concept of degree of controllability (DOC) for underactuated systems. The DOC concept is proposed for making full use of the internal couplings and then achieving a better control effect, followed by a certain definition of controllability measurement which measures the DOC, based on obtaining an explicit and finite equivalent affine system and singular value decomposition. A simple method for nilpotent approximation of the Lie algebra generated by the FFSR system is put forward by direct Taylor expansion when obtaining the equivalent system. Afterwards, a large-controllability-measurement (LCM) nominal path is searched by a weighted A* algorithm, and an optimal self-correcting method is designed to track the nominal path approximately, yielding an efficient underactuated path. The proposed strategy successfully avoids the drawback of inefficiency inherent in previous path-planning schemes, which is due to the neglect of internal couplings, and illustrative numerical examples show its efficacy.     

Near ground wind characteristics during typhoon Meari: Turbulence intensities,gust factors,and peak factors

Journal of Central South University - Wind data were collected during the 2011 typhoon Meari at heights of 10, 20, 30, and 40 m above the ground using a 40 m high anemometer tower in the coastal...