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Chuanming Tian Bin Li Yichuan Rui Hao Xiong Yu Zhao Xuefei Han Xinliang Zhou Yu Qiu Wei An Kerui Li Chengyi Hou Yaogang Li Hongzhi Wang Qinghong Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(41):2302270
Despite the outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) achieved over the years, unsatisfactory stability and lead toxicity remain obstacles that limit their competitiveness and large-scale practical deployment. In this study, in situ polymerizing internal encapsulation (IPIE) is developed as a holistic approach to overcome these challenges. The uniform polymer internal package layer constructed by thermally triggered cross-linkable monomers not only solidifies the ionic perovskite crystalline by strong electron-withdrawing/donating chemical sites, but also acts as a water penetration and ion migration barrier to prolong shelf life under harsh environments. The optimized MAPbI3 and FAPbI3 devices with IPIE treatment yield impressive efficiencies of 22.29% and 24.12%, respectively, accompanied by remarkably enhanced environmental and mechanical stabilities. In addition, toxic water-soluble lead leakage is minimized by the synergetic effect of the physical encapsulation wall and chemical chelation conferred by the IPIE. Hence, this strategy provides a feasible route for preparing efficient, stable, and eco-friendly PSCs. 相似文献
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Balancing the contradictory relationship between thermoelectric parameters, such as effective mass and carrier mobility, is a challenge to optimize thermoelectric performance. Herein, the exceptional thermoelectric performance is realized in GeTe through collaboratively optimizing the carrier and phonon transport via stepwise alloying Pb and CuSbSe2. The formation energy of Ge vacancy is efficiently bolstered by alloying Pb, which reduces carrier density and carrier scattering to maintain superior carrier mobility in GeTe. Additionally, CuSbSe2, acting as an n-type dopant, further modulates carrier density and validly equilibrates carrier mobility and effective mass. Accordingly, the promising power factor of 45 µW cm−1 K−2 is achieved at 723 K. Meanwhile, point defects are found to significantly suppress phonons transport to descend lattice thermal conductivity by Pb and CuSbSe2 alloying, which barely impacts the carrier mobility. A combination with superior carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity, a maximum ZT of 2.2 is attained in Ge0.925Pb0.075Cu0.005Sb0.005TeSe0.01, which corresponds to a 100% promotion compared with that of intrinsic GeTe. This study provides a new indicator for optimizing carrier and phonon transport properties by balancing interrelated thermoelectric parameters. 相似文献
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Lingcai Zeng Haoyan Liang Bao Qiu Zhepu Shi Sijie Cheng Kaixiang Shi Quanbing Liu Zhaoping Liu 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(25):2213260
Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) have been considered as the most promising cathode materials for achieving high energy density Li-ion batteries. However, they suffer from continuous voltage decay during cycling, which seriously shortens the lifespan of the battery in practical applications. This review comprehensively elaborates and summarizes the state-of-the-art of the research in this field. It is started from the proposed mechanism of voltage decay that refers to the phase transition, microscopic defects, and oxygen redox or release. Furthermore, several strategies to mitigate the voltage decay of LLOs from different scales, such as surface modification, elemental doping, regulation of components, control of defect, and morphology design are summarized. Finally, a systematic outlook on the real root of voltage decay is provided, and more importantly, a potential solution to voltage recovery from electrochemistry. Based on this progress, some effective strategies with multiple scales will be feasible to create the conditions for their commercialization in the future. 相似文献
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Xiangyu Meng Yuzhao Liu Le Yu Jieshan Qiu Zhiyu Wang 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(11):2211062
Anode-free batteries can maximize the energy density but their development is hindered by a lack of Li-rich cathodes for compensating the irreversible Li loss. Li2S cathode is particularly appealing to this desire due to 2.6–4.7 folds more Li content and 4.2–6.8 times higher capacity than conventional intercalation cathodes. But its practical application is hindered by poor stability against moisture attacking in the air. Herein, a facile expendable polymer sheathing strategy toward air-stable Li2S cathodes with high capacities for developing high-performance quasi-solid-state anode-free batteries without risk of cell leakage is reported. Tight protection by dense polymer barrier dramatically prolongs the lifetime of Li2S cathode by 2,000 times at least in the air. Such air-stable Li2S cathode allows for high compatibility of anode-free battery production with commercial schemes. More attractively, the polymer protective layer can in situ transform to multifunctional gel polymer electrolyte for releasing ionic pathways and enhancing cell performance by inhibiting LiPS loss and smoothing Li plating. With air-stable Li2S cathode, the quasi-solid-state anode-free cells are assembled in ambient environment to deliver superb volumetric energy density of 1093 Wh L−1. This study may shed new light to push the commercialization of high-energy and reliable anode-free batteries forward. 相似文献
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Anneng Yang Jiajun Song Hong Liu Zeyu Zhao Li Li Feng Yan 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(17):2215037
Electrocardiogram (ECG) mapping can provide vital information in sports training and cardiac disease diagnosis. However, most electronic devices for monitoring ECG signals need to use multiple long wires, which limit their wearability and conformability in practical applications, while wearable ECG mapping based on integrated sensor arrays has been rarely reported. Herein, ultra-flexible organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) arrays used for wearable ECG mapping on the skin surface above a human heart are presented. QRS complexes of ECG signals at different recording distances and directions relative to the heart are obtained. Furthermore, the ECG signals are successfully analyzed by the devices before and after exercise, indicating potential applications in some sports training and fitness scenarios. The OECT arrays that can conveniently monitor spacial ECG signals in the heart region may find niche applications in wearable electronics and healthcare products in the future. 相似文献
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目的 胰腺的准确分割是胰腺癌识别和分析的重要前提。现有基于深度学习的主流胰腺分割网络大多是编码—解码结构,对特征图采用先降低再增加分辨率的方式,严重丢失了胰腺位置和细节信息,导致分割效果不佳。针对上述问题,提出了基于3D路径聚合高分辨率网络的胰腺分割方法。方法 首先,为了捕获更多3D特征上下文信息,将高分辨率网络中的2D运算拓展为3D运算;其次,提出全分辨特征路径聚合模块,利用连续非线性变换缩小全分辨率输入图像与分割头网络输出特征语义差异的同时,减少茎网络下采样丢失的位置和细节信息对分割结果的影响;最后,提出多尺度特征路径聚合模块,利用渐进自适应特征压缩融合方式,避免低分辨率特征通道过度压缩导致的信息内容损失。结果 在公开胰腺数据集上,提出方法在Dice系数(Dice similarity coefficient,DSC)、Jaccard系数(Jaccard index,JI)、精确率(precision)和召回率(recall)上相比3D高分辨率网络(3D high-resolution net,3DHRNet)分别提升了1.41%、2.09%、2.35%和0.49%,相比具有代表性编码—解码结构的胰腺分割方法,取得了更高的分割精度。结论 本文提出的3D路径聚合高分辨率网络(3D pathaggregation high-resolution network,3DPAHRNet)具有更强的特征位置和细节信息的保留能力,能够显著改善在腹部CT(computed tomography)图像中所占比例较小的胰腺器官的分割结果。开源代码可在https://github.com/qiuchengjian/PAHRNet3D获得。 相似文献