发用防晒成分芦荟甙的提取

芦荟甙不仅具有防晒功效,而且还具有润泽、软化头发,防止断发、护发止痒的功效.设计正交实验,用乙醇水溶液回流溶出芦荟甙,用减压蒸馏的方法得到产品,并找出最佳反应条件.用溴水和红外光谱定性分析,证明了所得产品为芦荟甙.将芦荟甙加入洗发香波中,使用效果良好.实验方法操作简单、可行性高,为芦荟的提取研究提供数据.     

基于CaO引导的甲烷蒸汽重整化学链燃烧制氢系统

为在重整气中得到高纯H_2和降低尾气CO_2分离成本,建立了基于CaO引导的甲烷蒸汽重整化学链燃烧制氢系统,该系统在重整反应器中加入CaO吸收剂,用以吸收重整器内的CO_2,提高重整气中H_2浓度,形成的CaCO_3固体在煅烧器中受热分解重新生成CaO。利用Aspen Plus进行了过程模拟及热力学分析,并研究主要参数对系统性能的影响,得到优化的操作条件为:CaO循环量/CH_4比为0.5,CH_4(燃料)/CH_4比为0.35,NiO循环量/CH_4比为1.4。CaO循环量/CH_4比从0变化到0.5时,重整气中H_2浓度从0.60增长到0.99;CH_4(燃料)/CH_4比在0.25~0.45区间变化时,重整气中H_2浓度从0.86提高到0.99,产气量增加;NiO循环量/CH_4比在1~1.6区间变化时,重整气中H_2浓度从0.88增长到0.99,系统有效能效率变化较小。     

基于边缘信息车流量检测方法的研究

针对边缘检测中阈值很难确定导致不能准确提取背景边缘信息的问题,提出一种改进的基于边缘信息车流量检测方法。该方法预先对路况边缘图像作削顶处理获取一个恰当的阈值,从而可以准确地提取背景边缘信息;且在车辆计数过程中,结合固定窗法和浮动窗法二者的优点,设计一种新的浮动窗法进行车辆计数。实验结果表明,该方法在实时性、检测速度、正确率等方面得到很大的改进,能够在不同环境下进行正确有效地车流量检测。     

Effects of Mg/Si Ratio on Microwave Dielectric Characteristics of Forsterite Ceramics

Nonstoichiometric Mg₂SiO₄ forsterite dielectric ceramics with various Mg/Si ratios ( R =2.025, 2.05, and 2.2) were prepared and characterized. The appearance of a MgSiO₃ secondary phase could be effectively suppressed by adjusting the nonstoichiometry, and a single-phase forsterite structure was obtained in the present ceramics with Mg/Si ratios of 2.025 and 2.05. The microwave dielectric characteristics were significantly improved in the nonstoichiometric Mg₂SiO₄ ceramics on eliminating the MgSiO₃ secondary phase, where an enhanced Q × f value and a suppressed temperature coefficient of resonant frequency λ _f were obtained. The best microwave characteristics were achieved in the nonstoichiometric forsterite ceramics with an Mg/Si ratio of 2.05: ɛ _r =7.5, Q × f =114 730 GHz, and λ _f =−59 ppm/°C.     

硅铁红色料的生产及工艺控制

文章主要介绍了硅铁红色料的原料配方及其生产工艺流程和工艺要求。     

砂带用酚醛树脂粘合剂的合成研究

本文讨论了砂带用酚醛树脂粘合剂的合成工艺和条件。研究了反应投料比，温度及增塑剂对反应过程和树脂性能的影响。磨削性能证明合成树脂性能良好。     

Pyrolysis of peat: Product yield and characterization

Pyrolysis of peat obtained from Yeniça?a, Bolu, Turkey was conducted in a fixed-bed tube furnace under various conditions, and variations in the structure of the char, tar and gas products were examined. The chars produced were studied by proximate and ultimate analyses. The maximum tar yield of 20.41% was obtained at a heating rate of 20 °C/min, a temperature of 450 °C, a sweeping gas flow rate of 100 ml/min and a 0.5–2.0 mm size range. The chemical composition of the tar was examined by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and column chromatography. The chemical composition of the tar with dense aliphatic structure was established to be CH_1.22O_0.25N_0.02. The composition of the gases obtained at a heating rate of 20 °C/min for the 0.5–2.0 mm size range was examined by gas chromatography.     

Dyeable polypropylene fibers via nanotechnology

Polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites with three different clay loadings were prepared by solution mixing technique. The solution‐mixed nanocomposites were extruded to fibers using a single screw extruder. The PP nanocomposite fibers obtained were uniformly dyed with three distinct disperse dyes at different levels of shade. The enhanced dyeability of PP nanocomposite fibers was characterized by spectrophotometric measurements. Satisfactory wash, light and crock fastness results were also achieved. Mechanical properties and degree of crystallinity of nanocomposite fibers with different clay loadings were also investigated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

炭黑填充硬聚氯乙烯的改性

为使聚氯乙烯具有抗静电性能,采用加入具有导电性填料的方法,但加入大量的填料,会使硬聚氯乙烯的冲击性能降低,加工性能变差。本文是在以炭黑为填料的基础上,研究不同的改性剂和加工助剂改进硬聚氯乙烯的效果,结果表明,加入冲击改性剂和加工助剂后,大大增加了硬聚氯乙烯的冲击强度,且加工性能也得到改善,同时由于炭黑具有补强效果,其拉伸强度和弯曲强度在加入改性剂后也能满足使用要求。     

宽带系统中载波频偏与采样频偏的联合估计

提出一种针对多波带正交频分复用系统中载波频偏与采样频偏的联合估计算法。为了在频偏较小时获得对噪声干扰足够的鲁棒性,用预偏转技术把频偏预旋转到一个较大的值作估计。该算法在频域处理3个连续相同的前导符,它对频率相关性I/Q失配和频率无关性I/Q失配都具有很好的鲁棒性。基于多波带正交频分复用超宽带无线传输系统的仿真结果,验证了提出的载波频偏和采样频偏联合估计算法的有效性。