Computerized facility layout design

The paper describes a computerized facility layout designer, COMLAD II, for plant layout development. Besides developing an efficient layout, COMLAD II has useful features which allow fixing the departments, changing the shape of the departments and changing the length and width dimensions of the overall layout.     

IBM RISC System/6000: architecture and performance

The IBM RISC System/6000, a superscalar microprocessor, is presented. The architecture of this processor has its instruction set specifically designed for a superscalar machine containing three independent units-branch, fixed-point, and floating-point. The design also emphasizes high-performance floating-point operations. The design principles are to offer maximum overlap of the three functional units, avoid dead cycles, and define instructions that can (for the most part) be completed at a rate of one per cycle. The branch cycle, fixed- and floating-point units, cache management, and performance are described. Benchmark results are given     

The glass fibre-polymer interface: II—Work of fracture and shear stresses

Pull-out experiments have been carried out on single production fibres under carefully controlled conditions. Four parameters were determined. The interfacial yield stresses, of about 9–14 MPa, were very much smaller than the shear strengths of the bulk polymers in the case of an epoxy, whether post-cured or not, and a non-post-cured polyester. Values for the work of fracture of the interface varied from 140 to 300 Jm^?2, and again were less than those of the polymer. Interface failure sometimes took place in the epoxy rather than at the fibre surface, whereas with the polyester it always took place at the fibre surface. After interface failure, pull-out was governed by friction, with maximum shear stresses of 7–10 MPa for polyester, and 21–34 MPa for epoxy, the higher values being obtained for the post-cured resins. Average frictional shear stresses were sometimes less than a half of the maximum shear stress, indicating that the fibre Poisson's shrinkage was playing an important role in the pull-out process. A silicone release agent reduced the frictional shear stresses to 2·5 MPa, with both resins.     

Optical imaging of anatomical maps derived from magnetic resonanceimages using time-independent optical sources

Presents a model suitable for computing images of absorption cross sections of thick tissue structures illuminated at near infrared (NIR) wavelengths from tomographic projection data. Image reconstruction is accomplished by solving a system of linear equations derived from transport theory. Reconstruction results using different algebraic solvers are shown for anatomical maps of the breast, derived from magnetic resonance imaging data, containing two simulated pathologies, in which case qualitatively good reconstructions were obtained. Evaluation of magnetic resonance (MR) data to optimize NIR optical tomographic imaging methods and to assess the feasibility of a combined MR-optical measurement scheme is discussed     

Pain threshold in man

The design and application of an apparatus for measuring pain threshold by controlling the conditions of an experiment carefully and measuring stimulus and response parameters precisely are described. Heat generated by an incandescent source, focused on a small area of the subject's forehead, was used as the stimulus to determine the cutaneous pain threshold. The equipment was in different experiments in which the threshold of thermocutaneous pain was evaluated with and without the use of an analgesic. The analgesic Pirazolane was found to reduce thermocutaneous pain threshold and to diminish the average duration of alpha rhythm blockade and the response of galvanic skin resistance. The results of these experiments with constituents of marijuana indicated that canabidiol provokes and increases the sensibility of pain reactions while both Δ9 THC and canabinol do not modify the pain threshold     

Comparing the motivations of Spanish and Finnish computer personnel with those of the United States

A survey of perceptions of IS personnel – managers, technical specialists and programmer/analysts – was conducted by the Association for Technical Information in Spain, using the JDS/DP, a modification of the job diagnostic survey instrument. Data were collected on fifteen job variables, related to four motivation aspects: job components, satisfaction levels, need for growth/achievement and goal participation/feedback. The results were compared with those of a similar survey for the same job types in Finland. Results were also compared with the norms developed for computer personnel in the USA. The survey revealed that personnel attracted to the computer field have a high need for growth and a low need for social interaction. It also revealed that the work itself was ranked highest among eleven motivating factors. For both Spain and Finland, the technical specialist job had a mis-match between the job's motivating potential and the employee's need for growth, compared with similar personnel in the USA. By examining the core job dimensions, managers can redesign the job to produce a match between these two major components of motivation.     

Ankle performance after ankle fracture: a randomized study of early mobilization

Low concentrations of some neutral dipeptides, such as L-Ala-L-Ala, rapidly disrupt rat liver lysosomes. The phenomenon has been attributed to an osmotic imbalance generated by the production of amino acids in the lysosome by lysosomal dipeptidase activity. This hypothesis is challenged by testing several pairs of dipeptides available in both D- and L-forms and a range of dipeptides whose susceptibility to lysosomal dipeptidase activity is known. A good correlation was found between the lytic ability of dipeptides and their capacity to cross the lysosome membrane and be hydrolysed by lysosomal dipeptidase. The osmotic-imbalance hypothesis is critically evaluated in the light of the results and of recent information concerning the carrier-mediated transport of amino acids and dipeptides across the lysosome membrane. It is concluded that intralysosomal generation of amino acids remains the most plausible explanation of the lytic activity of dipeptides, and that the dipeptide porter(s) in the lysosome membrane must have higher Km than the amino acid porters.