ERP软件中的组织结构与BPR的实现

以SAP R／3为例，讨论了企业资源计划软件中组织结构框架，指出了该软件中的组织构架是按功能设立的，各个不同功能有自己的组织结构，各个不同模块有自己的权力控制设置，这是一个虚体企业的结构。企业资源计划软件在企业的实施，可以按企业的虚体和实体的映射实现业务过程重构。本文最后给出一个观点，即企业虚体结构的优化也是业务过程重构的一种形式，参考企业资源计划软件的模型，有助于系统低风险、快速地实施。     

Growth and body composition of preterm infants: influence of nutrient fortification of mother''s milk in hospital and breastfeeding post-hospital discharge

Enhanced oxidative stress is a feature of inflammatory and infectious conditions. Proteins may be important targets of oxidation and this may alter their function. We evaluated whether metal-catalyzed oxidation of IgG could alter its ability to bind to Fc receptors on macrophages. Human IgG incubated with an FeCl3/EDTA/ascorbate metal-catalyzed oxidation system resulted in a significant increase in carbonyl content, a measure of protein oxidation, compared to IgG treated with EDTA alone (control). Western blot analysis using an antibody to oxidized protein revealed an increase in antibody binding to both the heavy (Fc portion-containing) and light chains of IgG treated with the oxidizing system. Western blot analysis of papain-digested IgG confirmed oxidative modification of the Fc portion. Binding studies carried out with J774.16 macrophages demonstrated significantly diminished ability of the oxidized IgG to bind to macrophage Fc receptors compared to control IgG. These data demonstrate that IgG is susceptible to metal-catalyzed oxidation and that this impairs its ability to bind to macrophage Fc receptors. Oxidation of IgG might play a role in modulating immune function in infection and disorders associated with immune complex formation by diminishing IgG binding to phagocytic cells.     

Ventricular late potentials and ventricular arrhythmias in noncoronarogenic myocardial diseases

Hemodynamic parameters and survival were studied in 48 patients with noncoronarogenic myocardial diseases (NCMD). The examination included high-resolution electrocardiography and Holter monitoring of cardiac rhythm. Deterioration of pump capacity of the heart was associated with high-grade arrhythmias (4B and higher) while ventricular late potentials were more characteristic for patients with severe hemodynamic disorders and, in particular, with dilated cardiomyopathy. The prognosis in NCMD is based on clinical evidence on functional class of the heart failure, parameters of central and intrapulmonary hemodynamics.     

Possiblity of using immobilized urease for degradation of urea in blood plasma

As revealed the velocities of urea decomposition in the citrate donor plasma with soluble urease and urease immobilized by addition to carboxymethyl ester of cellulose, 2-(3'-amino-4'-methoxyphenyl)-sulphonylethyl ester of cellulose, diethylaminoester of cellulose, stained with dichlortriazine stain, or graft copolymere of cellulose and polyglycidylmetacrylate were sufficiently close to one another. Preparations of immobilized urease can be repeatedly used for urea decomposition in the citrate donor blood. Periodical treatment of the mentioned preparations with cystein solution led to a lesser decrease of enzymatic activity of the immobilized urease after repeated use.     

Effects of ondansetron on gastrointestinal symptoms in carcinoid syndrome

The effect of short-term treatment with the highly selective serotonin receptor antagonist ondansetron on symptoms and gastric emptying in 11 carcinoid patients was studied. Diarrhoea improved in 6 of 6 patients, nausea in 3 of 4 patients. Flushing was not affected. The rate of gastric emptying increased during ondansetron treatment (P = 0.08). No changes in serotonin in platelets and urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were found. It is concluded that ondansetron can improve gastrointestinal symptoms in carcinoid patients and possibly slows gastric emptying.     

Corticosteroids in chronic airways obstruction: can the patient's assessment be ignored?

In a study to examine the methods of assessing the response of patients with chronic airways obstruction to corticosteroids, 20 patients received a week of placebo tablets, followed by three weeks of prednisolone 30 mg daily. Subjective benefit was assessed by a visual analogue scale (VAS), and objective changes by spirometry and an exercise test. Significant increases in FEV1 and in exercise performance were observed after steroid therapy. Changes in FVC correlated both with VAS score and with changes in exercise performance. Changes in FEV1 correlated with neither. The good correlation between the changes in a ventilatory function test (the FVC) and the patients' assessments of the drug suggests that the non-specific euphoriant effect of steroids does not eclipse their specific action on ventilatory function. Assessment of benefit should include a subjective assessment and changes in FVC and exercise performance. Changes in FEV1 appear to have less clinical relevance.     

Accuracy of roentgenograms of the chest in metastases to the lungs

The findings on roentgenographic and tomographic examination of the chest were compared in 63 instances of suspected pulmonary metastases. These were further compared with the findings at thoracotomy in 41 instances. Of the 60 patients, 30 had soft tissue or bone sarcomas and 30 had carcinomas arising from colon, ovary or breast, and it also included five with malignant melanoma. Three patients with sarcomas had more than one thoracotomy. The diagnosis of pulmonary metastases by roentgenography of the chest was correct in 60 of 63 instances. Tomograms showed more lesions in 14 of 33 instances of sarcomas and 14 of 30 instances of carcinomas. Thoracotomy revealed even more lesions than were detected by tomography in 21 out of 26 instances with sarcomas and eight of 15 instances of carcinomas. Of the 37 patients with a solitary metastasis detected on roentgenograms of the chest, 22 were found to have additional lesions on the tomograms, 11 of 16 sarcomas and 11 of 21 carcinomas. At thoracotomy, however, nine of ten patients with a single metastasis from sarcomas were found to have even more lesions, while, in patients with carcinomas, tomograms were found to be accurate. Routinely, prior to major ablative operations for sarcomas and before excision of pulmonary metastases, it is suggested that tomography be carried out.