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121.
John Abraham V. Ramesh Saravanakumar V. V. Kulkarni K. Sivakumar Anandha Prakash Singh P. Visha 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2014,91(1):133-141
Whole dead poultry birds obtained from commercial layer farms were assessed for fat in the whole carcass and then dry rendered in three different rendering regimens T1, T2 and T3 (temperature = 120, 130 and 140 °C and shell pressure = 1, 2 and 3 kg/cm2 respectively) and the effect on the yield and quality of the rendered chicken oil were studied. The overall fat percentage of the whole dead poultry carcass was 14.55 ± 0.17 % and the fat content of ‘greaves’ was 14.49 ± 0.38 %. In the dry batch rendering trials, the mean overall fat recovery was 24.46 ± 1.19, 26.78 ± 3.14 and 22.42 ± 2.32 % and the overall fat yield was 3.52 ± 1.72, 3.84 ± 0.44 and 3.22 ± 0.33 % of the carcass weight in T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Solvent extraction of fat could recover 96.10 ± 0.14 % of fat from ‘greaves’ which was significantly higher than the mechanical centrifugation method. Among the quality characteristics of the rendered chicken oil (RCO), moisture content ranged from 0.61 % (T2) to 1.09 % (T1) and the mean specific gravity was 0.91 at 30 °C. The FFA values of RCO obtained from the T3 rendering regimen were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the FFA values of T2 and T1. The mean acid value, iodine number, peroxide value, saponification value and unsaponifiable matter present in RCO showed no significant difference. The fatty acid profile and calorific values were studied. The RCO was converted to biodiesel by transesterification and the physico-chemical properties of the biodiesel were studied and compared with the Indian biodiesel specification. 相似文献
122.
S. Nagarajan 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2009,267(10):1800-1806
Results on photoluminescence and photostimulated luminescence studies of KBr1−xIx:TlI (0.01 and 0.05 mol%) mixed crystals grown in vacuum and air are presented. Photoluminescence spectra of the mixed crystals excited in the A-absorption band of KBr:Tl+ exhibited the characteristic emission bands of Tl+ ions in KBr:Tl+. When excited in the low energy tail of A-band absorption, additional emission bands were observed. Compared with earlier reports, excitation bands observed around 4.8, 4.6 and 4.4 eV are attributed to complex thallium centres of the form TlBr6−nIn (n = 0, 1, 2, 3). Photostimulated luminescence of γ-irradiated KBr1−xIx:TlI mixed crystals showed the presence of emission bands similar to the characteristic photoluminescence of Tl+ ions. The photostimulated luminescence slightly shifted towards the low energy side with increasing iodide composition x. The mechanism of emission in these mixed crystals is discussed. Dose response and storage stability (fading characteristics) in these mixed crystals are reported. 相似文献
123.
Seongmi Ji Eun Sun Moon Han Byul Noh Hyun Jung Park Seongdae Kim Sung Oh Nagarajan Vinod Chang Won Choi Kilhan Kwak 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(4)
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) bacterial ghosts (LMGs) were produced by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of HCl, H2SO4, and NaOH. Acid and alkali effects on the LMGs were compared by in vitro and in vivo analyses. Scanning electron microscope showed that all chemicals form lysis pores on the Lm cell envelopes. Real-time qPCR revealed a complete absence of genomic DNA in HCl- and H2SO4-induced LMGs but not in NaOH-induced LMGs. HCl-, H2SO4- and NaOH-induced LMGs showed weaker or missing protein bands on SDS-PAGE gel when compared to wild-type Lm. Murine macrophages exposed to the HCl-induced LMGs showed higher cell viability than those exposed to NaOH-induced LMGs or wild-type Lm. The maximum level of cytokine expression (TNF-α, iNOS, IFN-γ, and IL-10 mRNA) was observed in the macrophages exposed to NaOH-induced LMGs, while that of IL-1β mRNA was observed in the macrophages exposed to HCl-induced LMGs. To investigate LMGs as a vaccine candidate, mice were divided into PBS buffer-injected, HCl- and NaOH-induced LMGs immunized groups. Mice vaccinated with HCl- and NOH-induced LMGs, respectively, significantly increased in specific IgG antibodies, bactericidal activities of serum, and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell population. Antigenic Lm proteins reacted with antisera against HCl- and NOH-induced LMGs, respectively. Bacterial loads in HCl- and NaOH-induced LMGs immunized mice were significantly lower than PBS-injected mice after virulent Lm challenges. It suggested that vaccination with LMGs induces both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and protects against virulent challenges. 相似文献
124.
Mercy J. Lilly Prakash S. Krishnamoorthy A. Ramesh S. Anand D. Alex 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2017,31(8):3777-3785
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - Self-healing materials heal partially or completely when damage occurs to restore the functionality of the material. Self-healing technology has found... 相似文献
125.
RESRES: The story behind the paper “Research in software engineering: An analysis of the literature”
This article is a background report describing a comprehensive study of research in the three computing disciplines Computer Science, Software Engineering, and Information Systems. Findings relate to research topics, approaches, methods, reference disciplines, and levels of analysis. The article informally describes the process used and the research products produced. 相似文献
126.
Sushant K. Manwatkar A. Bahrudheen Shashi Bhushan Tiwari S. V. S. Narayana Murty P. Ramesh Narayanan 《Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention》2017,17(3):505-512
In view of its excellent wear and corrosion resistance, AISI 440C steel is the material of choice for the fabrication of ball screws used in actuator systems of satellite launch vehicles. During the routine acceptance test of a ball screw, longitudinal cracks were observed at the shaft location of the ball screw. The optical microstructure of the ball screw material (AISI 440C) revealed the presence of aligned carbides (carbide banding). Fractographic observations revealed the cracking to be along the carbide bands. Based on detailed optical and scanning electron microscopic observations, the cracking of the ball screws was attributed to the carbide bands. 相似文献
127.
We demonstrate an easily-implemented, edge-plate geometry for electrospinning and produce high quality nanofibers from unconfined polymer fluids. We show that for electrospinning in general, the electric field gradient, not just the electric field amplitude, is a critical parameter for successful self-initiated jetting. Considering a single spinning site, the edge-plate configuration resulted in the same or a higher fabrication rate as traditional needle electrospinning, while producing nanofibers similar in quality (diameter, diameter distribution, and collected mat porosity); moreover, this novel configuration operates without the possibility of clogging and has high potential for scale-up. We analyze the fundamental physical processes which underlie edge-plate electrospinning, including electric field, working distance, and feed rate dependence and the resultant changes to the linear and whipping regions, and thus to the fiber diameter. We conclude that the edge-plate configuration functions in a remarkably similar manner to traditional needle electrospinning. 相似文献
128.
129.
The focus of this paper is to automatically segment and label continuous speech signal into syllable-like units for Indian
languages. In this approach, the continuous speech signal is first automatically segmented into syllable-like units using
group delay based algorithm. Similar syllable segments are then grouped together using an unsupervised and incremental training
(UIT) technique. Isolated style HMM models are generated for each of the clusters during training. During testing, the speech
signal is segmented into syllable-like units which are then tested against the HMMs obtained during training. This results
in a syllable recognition performance of 42·6% and 39·94% for Tamil and Telugu. A new feature extraction technique that uses
features extracted from multiple frame sizes and frame rates during both training and testing is explored for the syllable
recognition task. This results in a recognition performance of 48·7% and 45·36%, for Tamil and Telugu respectively. The performance
of segmentation followed by labelling is superior to that of a flat start syllable recogniser (27·8%and 28·8%for Tamil and
Telugu respectively). 相似文献
130.
Phase separation has been recognized as important properties of manganite to create colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). Frequency dependence of AC susceptibility and electron spin resonance (ESR) studies confirm the phase separated glassy magnetism in the La0.9Pb0.1MnO3 crystals. ESR spectra exhibit a gradual narrowing of the asymmetric FMR signals upon increasing the temperature and approaching the Curie temperature (Tc). The temperature dependence of line width (ΔHpp), g-factor, double integrated (I) intensity of the resonance signals and frequency dependence peak temperatures are discussed in this paper to explain inhomogeneity in the La0.9Pb0.1MnO3 single crystals. 相似文献