Characteristics of AE signals obtained during drilling composite laminates

The ultimate goal towards on-line monitoring of composites drilling is in order to produce damage free high quality drilled holes. This however pertains to first understanding the acoustic emission (AE) signal characteristics at different stages as the drilling operation proceeds. To determine the partition function of individual sources contributing to the AE energy release by isolating them from the rest is a formidable task. On the contrary, it would be simpler and practical to monitor if certain identifiable characteristics that distinguishes the different states of drilling mechanisms can be extracted from the time and frequency domain of the AE-composite signal. Experimental observations on drilling specimens of epoxy resin (Araldite) and glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) laminate show AE signal features in time and frequency domain which distinguish different stages as the twist drill tool performs its action from entry to exit     

Impact sourcing ventures and local communities: a frame alignment perspective

Using qualitative methods, this paper explores how impact sourcing (ImS) ventures frame their activities to marginalized communities. In doing so, the paper attempts to unearth the social–psychological processes undergirding ImS strategies. The findings highlight the difficulties faced by ImS ventures in operationalizing their strategic intent. More specifically, the paper provides insights into how different and diverse framings are used by ImS ventures to influence the local community. From a strategic perspective, the paper suggests that framings related to progress, family, material benefit and egalitarianism can help overcome the inevitable tensions and misunderstandings with the community. Drawing on the findings, we develop a process model that describes how competing framings of an ImS venture and the community could eventually align. Theoretically, the paper illuminates the day to day micro‐processes of reality negotiation between socially driven information technology – business process outsourcing businesses and the local communities they seek to impact.     

Flavour production in plant cell cultures of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L)

Callus cultures of naturally flavoured rice (Oryza sativa var 370) called basmati were obtained on Murashige and Skoog medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and kinetin. There was a perceptible basmati flavour in fresh callus. The volatile flavour components of basmati rice and callus were obtained by steam distillation-solvent extraction and were analysed on GC-MS. A qualitative comparison of volatile flavour components of callus cultures and natural basmati rice was also made. The results show the presence of 29 major compounds in rice and 23 in callus. The identified compounds include hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols and esters. This demonstrated the potential of callus of basmati rice for flavour development.     

Nanocomposites of α-hydroxides of nickel and cobalt by delamination and co-stacking: Enhanced stability of α-motifs in alkaline medium and electrochemical behaviour

Dodecylsulfate-intercalated α-hydroxides of nickel and cobalt delaminate to give colloidal dispersions in 1-butanol. When these colloidal dispersions are mixed in different proportions and evaporated, composites are obtained and these consist of a random stacking of layers from the two hydroxides. The surfactant anion of these composites can be exchanged with nitrate ions and the resultant nitrate-intercalated composites are very stable in alkaline medium and show a high reversible charge capacity.     

Economic and exergy investigation of triangular pyramid solar still integrated to inclined solar still with baffles

This paper presents the detailed exergy and economic investigation of triangular pyramid solar still under passive and active mode of operation. For validation, experiments were carried out at different water depth maintained inside the basin under a continuous flow of water from an inclined solar still. Results confirm that the effect of integration rises the exergy efficiency during the offshine period, whereas during the sunshine hours the exergy efficiency decreases when the maintained the depth of water inside basin decreases. Similar study on economic analysis shows that the net pay back period increases from 5.6 to 11.4 with an increase in the water depth at an average selling price of water Rs 5/kg in a standalone triangular pyramid solar still.     

Significance of elevated IgG anticardiolipin antibody levels in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome

OBJECT: Congenital spinal hamartomas are defined as tumors of well-differentiated mature elements situated in an abnormal location. In this report, the authors document the clinical and pathological features of spinal hamartomas in 10 patients. METHODS: Ten patients presented with midline dorsal malformations at birth, initially diagnosed as teratomas or myelomeningoceles. The locations of the masses were variable: two were located in the thoracic region, four at the thoracolumbar junction, two in the lumbar region, one at the lumbosacral junction, and one in the sacral region. The results of the neurological examination were normal in nine patients. All but one mass had intact skin and seven had palpable bone components. Neuroimaging studies revealed widening of the spinal canal, heterotopic bone located dorsally in some patients, and varying degrees of involvement of the intraspinal contents. During surgery, six patients were found to have involvement of the spinal cord or cauda equina. The pathological characteristics of the masses included three or more of the following: bone, cartilage, synovial membrane, urinary tract tissue, cyst wall, yellow or brown fat, and nerves. The well-differentiated cellular elements, which formed mature structures, along with the absence of primitive cellular components and neoplastic characteristics are more consistent with a diagnosis of hamartoma than teratoma. CONCLUSIONS: In this series, the authors describe a lesion that is overt on physical examination, yet can have occult spinal canal involvement. Complete neurosurgical evaluation is essential to provide appropriate treatment and prognosis.     

Using name-based mappings to increase hit rates

Clusters of identical intermediate servers are often created to improve availability and robustness in many domains. The use of proxy servers for the World Wide Web (WWW) and of rendezvous points in multicast routing are two such situations. However, this approach can be inefficient if identical requests are received and processed by multiple servers. We present an analysis of this problem, and develop a method called the highest random weight (HRW) mapping that eliminates these difficulties. Given an object name and a set of servers, HRW maps a request to a server using the object name, rather than any a priori knowledge of server states. Since HRW always maps a given object name to the same server within a given cluster, it may be used locally at client sites to achieve consensus on object-server mappings. We present an analysis of HRW and validate it with simulation results showing that it gives faster service times than traditional request allocation schemes such as round-robin or least-loaded, and adapts well to changes in the set of servers. HRW is particularly applicable to domains in which there are a large number of requestable objects, there is a significant probability that a requested object will be requested again, and the CPU load due to any single object can be handled by a single server. HRW has now been adopted by the multicast routing protocols PIMv2 and CBTv2 as its mechanism for routers to identify rendezvous points/cores