Harry Goichi Yamaguchi (1921-2002).

Reports the death of Harry Goichi Yamaguchi (1921-2002) and notes his contributions to to teaching, research, and clinical supervision and research. In keeping with his clinical experience with children and adolescents, Yamaguchi emphasized developmental psychology in his teaching. Learning theory remained the focus in his research, his publication, and his approach to clinical work. Yamaguchi's work with several professional organizations is also noted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis of poly(N,N-dimethylaminopropylacryl amide-g-acrylic acid) and crosslinking of its trunk sequence

Summary The graft copolymers composed of weak base and weak acid sequences, i.e., poly(N,N-dimethylaminopropylacryl amide-g-acrylic acid) (poly(DAPA-AA)) including 51–87 mol% of acrylic acid (AA) were prepared by redox system using cerium(IV) ammonium sulfate as initiator. Microphase separation of two sequences was observed in basic casting solvent. The crosslinking of DAPA sequence, which had shown spheric morphology, was carried out by mean of gas-solid phase quaternization reaction with 1,4-dibromobutane. The reaction product was soluble in NaOH aq. or HCl aq. until 4.3% quaternization of DAPA unit without remarkable increase of intrinsic viscosity. And they were found to be very different in solubility from the raw graft copolymer.     

Cooperation of phosphatidylcholine with endogenous lipids of wheat flour for an increase in dough volume

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) increases the gas-retaining ability of dough, the dough volume on fermentation and the loaf volume of bread. The cooperation of wheat flour endogenous lipids with PC was examined. More than 90% of the total wheat flour lipids were extracted with chloroform, the extracted lipids comprising glycolipids (33 wt%), non-polar lipids (56 wt%), and phospholipids (11 wt%). The increase in the specific volume of dough with delipidated wheat flour by the addition of PC was smaller than the increase in the specific volume of dough with native wheat flour. The addition of the extracted lipids to delipidated wheat flour restored the increase in dough volume by the addition of PC. The glycolipid fraction of the extracted lipids was most effective for enhancing the action of PC. The results suggest that interaction of PC with wheat flour glycolipids may synergistically increase foam stability to enhance the gas-retaining stability of dough.     

Real-time scratching behavior quantification system for laboratory mice using high-speed vision

Scratching is a specific behavior induced by itching; it is also a common symptom of many types of dermatitis. For the itching evaluation in animal models, automatic quantification system is needed for objective and accurate observation. In this study, a dedicated real-time motion analysis system is developed for detecting the scratching behavior of laboratory mice in long-time experiments, which enables automated behavior quantification for the development of new drugs for diseases such as atopic dermatitis. This system can detect laboratory mice scratching in a non-invasive method by introducing a specially designed high-speed vision system that can calculate the frame-to-frame difference at a frame rate of 240 fps. A quantification algorithm is also implemented for distinguishing the scratching behavior from other behaviors. In fact, we evaluate the effectiveness of our system by demonstrating the experimental results of scratching behavior detection during the long-time observation of several ICR mice. The results also show the objectiveness and accuracy.

Non-intrusive measurement of microscale temperature distribution by spontaneous Raman imaging

A non-intrusive and spatially resolved temperature measurement technique based on spontaneous Raman imaging was developed to measure two-dimensional temperature distributions in microfluidic systems. Raman scattering arising from OH stretching vibrations of H₂O molecules was used to measure the local channel flow temperature because of its high sensitivity to temperature. The OH stretching band has two parts with contrasting temperature dependences: hydrogen-bonded (HB) and non-hydrogen-bonded (NHB) modes. Raman images of HB and NHB modes were separately captured by an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device camera using two bandpass filters with center wavelengths of 642 and 660 nm, respectively. The two-dimensional temperature distributions were obtained from the intensity ratio of the two images by applying a calibration curve, which showed that there was a linear relationship between the temperature and the intensity ratio of HB to NHB modes for temperatures in the range 293–333 K. Temperature distribution measurements were demonstrated in the mixing flow field in the junction area of a T-shaped channel composed of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) chip and borosilicate glass slides. Non-uniform temperature distributions were quantitatively visualized at a spatial resolution of 12.8 × 12.8 μm² for three different heating conditions.     

Quantitative analysis of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

The applicability of liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) for the quantitative analysis of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits was demonstrated. The LC-QTOF-MS parameters, such as cone voltage, capillary voltage, collision energy and mass extraction window, were carefully optimised for the analysis of pesticide residues. The LC-QTOF-MS method was validated for 149 pesticides in four vegetables and fruits, i.e. apple, potato, cabbage and spinach, at a spiking level of 0.01 mg kg^?1. The samples were prepared according to the Japanese official multi-residue method with a modification to the column clean-up procedure. Of the 149 pesticides, recoveries in the range of 70–120% were achieved for 147 pesticides in apple, 145 in potato, 141 in cabbage and 131 in spinach, with intra-day precisions (RSDs) of < 25% and inter-day precisions (RSDs) of < 30%, which are within the acceptable range given in the Japanese method validation guideline. Matrix effects were negligible for the majority of the target pesticides. Except for spiroxamine in spinach, no interfering peaks were observed in the blank samples. The target pesticides, except those with low sensitivity, achieved calibration curves with satisfactory linearity, with correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.995 in the concentration range of 0.002–0.1 μg ml^?1. Furthermore, the majority of the target pesticides provided more than one fragment ion or isotope ion that could be used for confirmation. The overall results suggest that LC-QTOF-MS is a powerful tool for the quantification of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits at the level of 0.01 mg kg^?1.     

Study on Dip Slope Failure at Higashi Takezawa Induced by 2004 Niigata-Ken Chuetsu Earthquake

An extensive number of slopes failed in the 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu Earthquake. Among them, a dip slope containing a weak layer in Yamakoshi Village (currently Nagaoka City) was investigated intensively. Regarding its morphological characteristics, it is argued that the earthquake reactivated a pre-existing failure plane which then formed most of the present sliding plane. In order to reveal the strength properties of the weak layer that formed the sliding plane, including the behavior against cyclic loading, a series of triaxial compression tests and simple shear tests was performed on undisturbed specimens that were retrieved by block sampling from the site. Based on the test results, a stability analysis and the calculation of the earthquake-induced displacement were performed. By extending Newmark's sliding block analysis, while considering the effects of the irregular geometry of the sliding plane and its strain-softening properties, a reasonable simulation of the process of this slope failure could be provided.