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101.
The compact Genetic Algorithm (cGA) is an Estimation of Distribution Algorithm that generates offspring population according to the estimated probabilistic model of the parent population instead of using traditional recombination and mutation operators. The cGA only needs a small amount of memory; therefore, it may be quite useful in memory-constrained applications. This paper introduces a theoretical framework for studying the cGA from the convergence point of view in which, we model the cGA by a Markov process and approximate its behavior using an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE). Then, we prove that the corresponding ODE converges to local optima and stays there. Consequently, we conclude that the cGA will converge to the local optima of the function to be optimized. 相似文献
102.
Mohsen Ebrahimi Moghaddam Mohammad Reza Bonyadi 《International journal of parallel programming》2012,40(2):225-257
Multiprocessor task scheduling is an important problem in parallel applications and distributed systems. In this way, solving
the multiprocessor task scheduling problem (MTSP) by heuristic, meta-heuristic, and hybrid algorithms have been proposed in literature. Although the problem has been addressed
by many researchers, challenges to improve the convergence speed and the reliability of methods for solving the problem are
still continued especially in the case that the communication cost is added to the problem frame work. In this paper, an Immune-based
Genetic algorithm (IGA), a meta-heuristic approach, with a new coding scheme is proposed to solve MTSP. It is shown that the proposed coding reduces the search space of MTSP in many practical problems, which effectively influences
the convergence speed of the optimization process. In addition to the reduced search space offered by the proposed coding
that eventuate in exploring better solutions at a shorter time frame, it guarantees the validity of solutions by using any
crossover and mutation operators. Furthermore, to overcome the regeneration phenomena in the proposed GA (generating similar
chromosomes) which leads to premature convergence, an affinity based approach inspired from Artificial Immune system is employed
which results in better exploration in the searching process. Experimental results showed that the proposed IGA surpasses related works in terms of found makespan (20% improvement in average) while it needs less iterations to find the
solutions (90% improvement in average) when it is applied to standard test benches. 相似文献
103.
Predictability and forecasting automotive price based on a hybrid train algorithm of MLP neural network 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
In this paper, using the Hurst exponent value H, we first show that the automotive price in Iran Khodro Company (IRAN) is predictable and therefore a good forecasting can
be done using neural networks. We then introduce a new global and fast hybrid multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP-NN)
in order to forecast the automotive price. In our new framework, we hybridize the genetic algorithm (GA) and least square
(LS) method in order to train the connected weights of the network, which leads us to have a global and fast network. To do
so, the connected weights between input and hidden layers are trained by GA and the connected weights between the hidden and
output layers are trained by LS method. We finally apply our new MLP-NN to forecast the automotive price in Iran Khodro Company,
which is the biggest automotive manufacturing in IRAN. The results are well promising compared with the cases when we apply
the GA and LS individually. We also compare the results with the case when we employ the gradient-based optimization techniques
such as Levenberg–Marquardt method as well as some heuristic algorithms such as extended tabu search algorithm instead of
LS method and hybridization of MLP-LM with GA. 相似文献
104.
Genetic application in a facility location problem with random demand within queuing framework 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Seyed Hamid Reza Pasandideh Seyed Taghi Akhavan Niaki 《Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing》2012,23(3):651-659
In many service and industrial applications of the facility location problem, the number of required facilities along with allocation of the customers to the facilities are the two major questions that need to be answered. In this paper, a facility location problem with stochastic customer demand and immobile servers is studied. Two objectives considered in this problem are: (1) minimizing the average customer waiting time and (2) minimizing the average facility idle-time percentage. We formulate this problem using queuing theory and solve the model by a genetic algorithm within the desirability function framework. Several examples are presented to demonstrate the applications of the proposed methodology. 相似文献
105.
CCGA packages for space applications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) area array packaging technologies in high reliability versions are now being considered for applications, including use in a number of NASA electronic systems being utilized for both the Space Shuttle and Mars Rover missions. Indeed, recently a ceramic package version specifically tailored for high reliability applications was used to provide the processing power required for the Spirit and Opportunity Mars Rovers built by NASA-JPL. Both Rovers successfully completed their 3-months mission requirements and continued exploring the Martian surface for many more moths, providing amazing new information on previous environmental conditions of Mars and strong evidence that water exists on Mars.Understanding process, reliability, and quality assurance (QA) indicators for reliability are important for low risk insertion of these newly available packages in high reliability applications. In a previous investigation, thermal cycle test results for a non-functional daisy-chained peripheral ceramic column grid array (CCGA) and its plastic ball grid array (PBGA) version, both having 560 I/Os, were gathered and are presented here. Test results included environmental data for three different thermal cycle regimes (−55/125 °C, −55/100 °C, and −50/75 °C). Detailed information on these—especially failure type for assemblies with high and low solder volumes—are presented. The thermal cycle test procedure followed those recommended by IPC-9701 for tin–lead solder joint assemblies. Its revision A covers guideline thermal cycle requirements for Pb-free solder joints. Key points on this specification are also discussed.In a recent investigation a fully populated CCGA with 717 I/Os was considered for assembly reliability evaluation. The functional package is a field-programmable gate array that has much higher processing power than its previous version. This new package is smaller in dimension, has no interposer, and has a thinner column wrapped with copper for reliability improvement. This paper will also present thermal cycle test results for assemblies of this and its plastic package version with 728 I/Os, both of which were exposed to four different cycle regimes. Two of these cycle profiles are specified by IPC-9701A for tin–lead, namely, −55 to 100 °C and −55 to 125 °C. One is a cycle profile specified by Mil-Std-883, namely, −65/150 °C, generally used for ceramic hybrid packages screening and qualification. The last cycle is in the range of −120 to 85 °C, a representative of electronic systems directly exposed to the Martian environment without use in a thermal control enclosure. Per IPC-9701A, test vehicles were built using daisy chain packages and were continuously monitored and/or manually checked for opens at intervals. The effects of many process and assembly variables—including corner staking commonly used for improving resistance to mechanical loading such as drop and vibration loads—were also considered as part of the test matrix. Optical photomicrographs were taken at various thermal cycle intervals to document damage progress and behavior. Representative samples of these are presented along with cross-sectional photomicrographs at higher magnification taken by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine crack propagation and failure analyses for packages. 相似文献
106.
Mohammad Reza Ganjali Maryam Ghorbani Parviz Norouzi Azadeh Daftari Magid Faal-Rastegar Abolghasem Moghimi 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2004,100(3):315-319
A novel poly(vinyl chloride)-based 2,3,5,6,8,9-hexahydro-1,4,7,10-benzotetra oxacyclododecine-12-carbaldehyde-12-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hy (PBC) with sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB) as an anion excluder, benzyl acetate (BA), acetophenon (AP) and o-nitrophenyloctyl ether (NPOE) as plasticizing solvent mediators was prepared and investigated as a beryllium selective sensor. The best performance was observed with the membrane having the PVC–NaTPB–NPOE–PBC composition 30%:3%:62%:5%, which worked well over a very wide concentration range (1.0×10−7 M to 1.0×10−1 M). The sensor exhibits a Nernstian slope of 29.9 mV per decade of Be2+ activity. The detection limit of the sensor is 7.0×10−8 M (630 ppt). The proposed electrode shows excellent discriminating ability toward Be2+ ion with regard to alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. It was successfully applied to the determination of beryllium in a mineral sample. 相似文献
107.
文章报道了浑水中的声衰减的实验研究结果,超声波的频率分别为1、2、3、4、5MHz。实验表明:在同一个含沙量M的浑水中,声衰减系数β大致随频率f的增加而线性增加;对同一个频率f,声衰减系数β大致随含沙量M的增加而线性增加;在同一个频率,和相同含沙量M的情况下,声衰减系数β随泥沙粒径的增加而增加。 相似文献
108.
Parvaneh S Golpayegani MR Firoozabadi M Haghjoo M 《Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine》2012,226(1):3-20
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia. Predicting the conditions under which AF terminates spontaneously is an important task that would bring great benefit to both patients and clinicians. In this study, a new method was proposed to predict spontaneous AF termination by employing the points of section (POS) coordinates along a Poincare section in the electrocardiogram (ECG) phase space. The AF Termination Database provided by PhysioNet for the Computers in Cardiology Challenge 2004 was applied in the present study. It includes one training dataset and two testing datasets, A and B. The present investigation was initiated by producing a two-dimensional reconstructed phase space (RPS) of the ECG. Then, a Poincare line was drawn in a direction that included the maximum point distribution in the RPS and also passed through the origin of the RPS coordinate system. Afterward, the coordinates of the RPS trajectory intersections with this Poincare line were extracted to capture the local behavior related to the arrhythmia under investigation. The POS corresponding to atrial activity were selected with regard to the fact that similar ECG morphologies such as P waves, which are corresponding to atrial activity, distribute in a specific region of the RPS. Thirteen features were extracted from the selected intersection points to quantify their distributions. To select the best feature subset, a genetic algorithm (GA), in combination with a support vector machine (SVM), was applied to the training dataset. Based on the selected features and trained SVM, the performance of the proposed method was evaluated using the testing datasets. The results showed that 86.67% of dataset A and 80% of dataset B were correctly classified. This classification accuracy is in the same range as or higher than that of recent studies in this area. These results show that the proposed method, in which no complicated QRST cancelation algorithm was used, has the potential to predict AF termination. 相似文献
109.
Domain decomposition by nested dissection for concurrent factorization and storage (CFS) of asymmetric matrices is coupled with finite element and spectral element discretizations and with Newton's method to yield an algorithm for parallel solution of nonlinear initial-and boundary-value problem. The efficiency of the CFS algorithm implemented on a MIMD computer is demonstrated by analysis of the solution of the two-dimensional, Poisson equation discretized using both finite and spectral elements. Computation rates and speedups for the LU-decomposition algorithm, which is the most time consuming portion of the solution algorithm, scale with the number of processors. The spectral element discretization with high-order interpolating polynomials yields especially high speedups because the ratio of communication to computation is lower than for low-order finite element discretizations. The robustness of the parallel implementation of the finite-element/Newton algorithm is demonstrated by solution of steady and transient natural convection in a two-dimensional cavity, a standard test problem for low Prandtl number convection. Time integration is performed using a fully implicit algorithm with a modified Newton's method for solution of nonlinear equations at each time step. The efficiency of the CFS version of the finite-element/Newton algorithm compares well with a spectral element algorithm implemented on a MIMD computer using iterative matrix methods.Submitted toJ. Scientific Computing, August 25, 1994. 相似文献
110.
Recently,many researchers have focused on the usage of electromagnetic waves in oil production and well stimulation,but so far the effect of these waves on the ... 相似文献