The CD4-associated tyrosine kinase p56lck is required for lymphocyte chemoattractant factor-induced T lymphocyte migration

Lymphocyte chemoattractant factor (LCF) is a polypeptide cytokine which induces both cell motility and activation of T lymphocytes. These LCF-induced events demonstrate an absolute requirement for the cell surface expression of CD4. Because many CD4-mediated T lymphocyte activation events have been demonstrated to require the association of the src-related tyrosine kinase p56lck with the cytoplasmic domain of CD4, we examined the role of p56lck in LCF-induced lymphocyte migration in a murine T cell hybridoma line expressing transfected human CD4. LCF induces the catalytic activity of CD4 associated p56lck at chemoattractant concentrations of cytokine. Hybridoma cells that express CD4 with cytoplasmic point mutations which uncouple the CD4-lck association lack both lck enzymatic activity and chemotactic responses to LCF. The enzymatic activity of lck however does not appear to be required for CD4-mediated migratory signal. First, the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A blocked LCF-induced p56lck activation but had no effect on the LCF-induced motile response. Second, T cell hybridomas expressing a chimeric receptor combining the extracellular domain of human CD4 and murine p56lck which lacked the kinase domain had a normal LCF-induced motile response. We conclude from these observations that CD4-lck coupling is essential for LCF-induced T lymphocyte migration but the motile response is independent of the enzymatic activity of CD4-associated p56lck.     

E. Lowell Kelly (1905–1986).

Presents an obituary for E. Lowell Kelly. Kelly was an innovator, an iconoclast, a public-spirited individual, and an enemy of pretension. He constantly helped people solve their problems, from personal counseling in his early professional years to later work with many graduate students as they labored through their dissertations. Early in World War II, when he learned that lives were lost in night training because naval aviation cadets crashed into the planes ahead of them, he realized that the cadets could not judge their distance from a plane with only one tail light, and he introduced the simple notion of having two lights a standard distance apart. At the organizational level, Lowell worked for the Veterans Administration for a decade, while also carrying out his academic responsibilities at the University of Michigan. His service to the American Psychological Association included chairing the Executive Committee for the Boulder Conference on Graduate Training in Clinical Psychology (1948-1949), a conference that left its mark on the field for decades to come. He served on the Board of Directors for APA for six years and was president of both the Division of Consulting Psychology and the Division of Clinical Psychology. He was elected president of the Association and served in that role from 1954 to 1955. Throughout his career, Kelly's scientific interests and contributions centered on assessment. He tackled the problem of evaluating performance on the job, confronting the difficulty that criterion measures of such performance do not agree well with each other. Longitudinal research was Kelly's other focus. Throughout his scientific career, Kelly studied such varied phenomena as synaesthesia, graphology, pharmacology, and apparent movement. Kelly passed away in 1986. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Survey of college counseling centers' follow-up practices with former clients.

We investigated the follow-up methods used by counseling centers to evaluate the individual counseling services that they provide. A sample of 80 centers was selected for study; these were centers that indicated that the primary form of evaluation was a locally developed instrument used to assess clients' post counseling status and satisfaction with their counseling. We used a questionnaire to assess data-gathering procedures, follow-up practices, rates of return, and uses made of the data as well as resulting problems and trends. Major issues addressed include the low percentage of return rates of satisfaction questionnaires and the effect of these rates on possible response bias. The use of center survey results to evaluate client status and counselors' work is discussed. The issue of the timing of satisfaction surveys of clients is raised, particularly in light of procedures that combine clients who have previously terminated counseling and clients still in the process of counseling. The issues of self-report and the need for more rigorous methodologies are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Internal reliability and convergent validity of the Depression-Happiness Scale with the General Health Questionnaire in an employed adult sample

Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from a fresh fecal sample of zebra finches (Poephila guttata) in December 1992 on an aviary where a large scale outbreak of S. Typhimurium infection among bengalees (a variety of Lonchura striata) in 1991 had been recorded. The isolates from zebra finches were examined for antibiotic sensitivity and plasmids, which were 60 Mdal, then they showed the same pattern as those of S. Typhimurium isolated at the previous outbreak. This is the first report of S. Typhimurium isolation from zebra finches.     

The Charing Cross Hospital experience with temozolomide in patients with gliomas

Temozolomide, a new oral cytotoxic agent, was given to 75 patients with malignant gliomas. The schedule used was for the first course 150 mg/m2 per day for 5 days (i.e. total dose 750 mg/m2), escalating, if no significant myelosuppression was noted on day 22, to 200 mg/m2 per day for 5 days (i.e. total dose 1000 mg/m2) for subsequent courses at 4-week intervals. There were 27 patients with primary disease treated with two courses of temozolomide prior to their radiotherapy and 8 (30%) fulfilled the criteria for an objective response. There were 48 patients whose disease recurred after their initial surgery and radiotherapy and 12 (25%) fulfilled the criteria for an objective response. This gave an overall objective response rate of 20 (27%) out of 75 patients. Temozolomide was generally well tolerated, with little subjective toxicity and predictable myelosuppression. However, the responses induced with this schedule were of short duration and had relatively little impact on overall survival. In conclusion, temozolomide given in this schedule has activity against high grade glioma. However, studies evaluating chemotherapy in primary brain tumours should include a quality-of-life/performance status evaluation in addition to CT or MRI scanning assessment.     

Loneliness, social support and depression as interactive variables with cognitive status: testing Roy's model

This study examined the relationships between and among the variables of loneliness, social support, depression, and cognitive functioning in adults over 60, living in senior housing in a metropolitan area. Other variables, namely, life-satisfaction and ability to perform activities of daily living, were also measured. Although the research hypotheses were not supported, relationships between subjects' health status, life satisfaction, and self-assessment of health were significant. Assessment of these variables by community and advanced practice nurses who work with community elderly, to effect positive client outcomes, is presented within the context of Roy's adaptation model.