一种合成聚焦的便携式B型超声成像方法

传统合成聚焦超声成像方法在图像重建过程中处理数据量较大,致使其在便携式B型超声设备中应用受限。针对该问题,提出一种基于压缩感知理论和合成聚焦波束形成算法的便携式B型超声成像方法(SFCS)。该方法通过对接收到的射频回波信号进行随机采样得到欠采样的测量信号,将测量信号经过合成聚焦波束形成处理获得欠采样的射频信号线,基于压缩感知的信号重构算法,由欠采样的射频信号线高质量地恢复信号后供后续成像处理使用。仿真实验结果表明,SFCS可有效地解决合成聚焦超声成像过程中数据量大的问题,从而在保证较高成像质量的前提下满足便携式B型超声设备小型化、低成本的技术要求,具有工程应用价值。     

An empirical investigation of Technology Readiness among medical staff based in Greek hospitals

Technology readiness (TR) represents an individual’s mental readiness to accept new technologies. Although the TR scale has been used in many studies, its application in the healthcare context is limited. This paper focuses on identifying the TR profiles of medical staff and to model preference TR variations with respect to computer use, computer knowledge and computer feature demands. The study reports results from a nationwide study conducted in Greece, during a three-year period, which sampled responses from 604 physicians and nurses working in 14 Greek hospitals. Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling analysis is used in order to confirm the structure of the Technology Readiness Index. The results confirm the five groups of the TR taxonomy. Statistical differences were found between classes in information and communication technology (ICT) knowledge, ICT feature demands, hours of use per week as well as ICT use performance, but not in the general use of ICT. The results facilitate comprehension of the factors, which influence the use of ICT by medical staff and, in addition, they convey important policy and managerial implications. In conclusion, medical staff should be treated according to its TR taxonomy classes in order to expedite the acceptance and use of an ICT system.     

一步法硅烷接枝交联改性聚丙烯的研究

采用反应挤出法一步实现聚丙烯（PP）的硅烷接枝和交联改性，制备出了具有部分交联结构的高熔体强度PP。通过改性前后红外光谱、熔体流动性能、凝胶含量、结晶行为、力学性能和发泡性能的变化考察了改性对材料性能的影响。结果表明，一步法改性后PP大分子中引入了硅烷接枝交联结构，使熔体强度、熔体黏度提高，熔体流动速率显著降低，并且体系中出现了高达48％的凝胶；交联结构的引入使PP的结晶速率减缓；改性后材料的力学性能有所提高，而发泡性能大大改善，可以获得高质量的泡沫塑料。     

The longitudinal impact of enterprise system users’ pre-adoption expectations and organizational support on post-adoption proficient usage

Although enterprise systems (ES) are ubiquitous, many firms report less than stellar payoffs from these costly investments, with underutilization often attributed to failures in the implementation process. Unfortunately, research has not provided sufficient insights into these failures, in part because it has focused on actual usage, as opposed to proficient usage, as the benchmark for successful implementation. Moreover, research has not generally examined how the adoption process unfolds over time, thus overlooking potential underlying mechanisms that may help explain how adopters achieve proficiency. To begin addressing these shortcomings, we study how adopters’ pre-adoption expectations, enacted over time, can influence their post-adoption proficiency, by shaping how and why they spend time using the system during the adoption period. We analyzed time-lagged survey data from 153 financial analysts, required to adopt new ES-based software, at a multinational bank. We found that adopters who hold pre-adoption expectations reflecting greater internal and external motives to adopt the system as well as systematically integrate it into their work routines are more apt to use the system in ways that enhance their cumulative knowledge of it, and subsequently develop higher levels of proficiency post-adoption. Moreover, greater organizational support enhanced the impact of adopters’ expectations on proficiency, except when their actual use is low in which case organizational support had an adverse effect.     

IT capability and organizational performance: the roles of business process agility and environmental factors

The business value of information technology (IT) has been one of the top concerns of both practitioners and scholars for decades. Numerous studies have documented the positive effects of IT capability on organizational performance but our knowledge of the processes through which such gains are achieved remains limited due to a lack of focus on the business environment. Such a linkage therefore remains the subject of debate in the information systems literature. In this study, we fill this gap by investigating the mediating role of business process agility and the moderating roles of environmental factors. On the basis of matched survey data obtained from 214 IT and business executives from manufacturing firms in China, our analyses show that even though firm-wide IT capability presents the characteristics of rarity, appropriability, non-reproducibility, and non-substitutability, its impact on organizational performance is fully mediated by business process agility. Our results also show that the impact of the environment is multifaceted and nuanced. In particular, environmental hostility weakens the effect of IT capability on business process agility, while environmental complexity strengthens it. The theoretical and practical implications of this study, and its limitations, are also discussed.     

Integrated clinical pathway management for medical quality improvement – based on a semiotically inspired systems architecture

Clinical pathway is an approach to standardise care processes to support the implementations of clinical guidelines and protocols. It is designed to support the management of treatment processes including clinical and non-clinical activities, resources and also financial aspects. It provides detailed guidance for each stage in the management of a patient with the aim of improving the continuity and coordination of care across different disciplines and sectors. However, in the practical treatment process, the lack of knowledge sharing and information accuracy of paper-based clinical pathways burden health-care staff with a large amount of paper work. This will often result in medical errors, inefficient treatment process and thus poor quality medical services. This paper first presents a theoretical underpinning and a co-design research methodology for integrated pathway management by drawing input from organisational semiotics. An approach to integrated clinical pathway management is then proposed, which aims to embed pathway knowledge into treatment processes and existing hospital information systems. The capability of this approach has been demonstrated through the case study in one of the largest hospitals in China. The outcome reveals that medical quality can be improved significantly by the classified clinical pathway knowledge and seamless integration with hospital information systems.     

一种改进的视网膜图像中微小动脉瘤的检测算法

基于糖尿病性视网膜病变中最早出现的微小动脉瘤病症进行了研究,提出一种有效的微小动脉瘤检测算法。首先在传统模板匹配算法的基础上提出了一种动态多参数模板匹配算法,并且使用相对误差和与相关系数来共同制约匹配度,从而实现了更为精确的匹配提取;其次提出了基于分布特性的计分策略和自适应加权的汇总策略,避免了单纯采用各个特征量作为独立约束指标进行筛选时忽视各个特征量的约束力大小的弊端。实验结果表明,该检测算法能够有效地提高微小动脉瘤的检测真阳性率。     

膏糊状物料气流对流干燥试验研究

以分子筛滤饼作被干燥物料,模拟带式干燥机进行了干燥试验研究。考察了气流速度、温度以及干燥时间对物料干燥效果的影响,并与烘箱干燥试验数据进行对比。结果表明:气流速度越高,干燥温度越高,干燥后物料的水分含量越低;带式气流干燥机干燥时间短,处理量大,可以连续操作,干燥效果明显优于箱式干燥器,可以作为膏糊状物料的干燥设备。     

The removal of hydrogen sulfide with manganic sorbent in a high-temperature fluidized-bed reactor

The removal of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from simulated gas was carried out in a batch type fluidized-bed reactor using natural manganese ore (NMO), which consists of several metal oxides (MnO_x: 51.85%, FeO_y: 3.86%, CaO: 0.11%). The H₂S breakthrough curves were obtained by changing temperature, gas velocity, initial H₂S concentration, and aspect ratio. Moreover, the effects of the particle size and the particle-mixing fraction on H₂S removal were investigated in a binary system of different particle size. From this study, H₂S removal efficiency increased with increasing temperature but decreased with increasing excess gas velocity. The breakthrough time for H₂S decreased as the gas velocity increased, which leads to reducing gas-solid contacting due to gas bypassing in a fluidized bed reactor. Improvement of H₂S removal efficiency in continuous process can be expected from the results of the binary particle system with different size in a batch experiment. The NMO could be considered as a potential sorbent in H₂S removal.     

邻菲啰啉分光光度法测定离子膜碱中的三氧化二铁

介绍采用邻菲啰啉分光光度法对离子膜碱中三氧化二铁进行的测定,并就吸收曲线、邻菲啰啉铁络合物的稳定性、显色剂浓度对照试验、邻菲啰啉与铁的摩尔比、溶液酸度对络合物的影响以及共存离子消除等条件进行了探讨,以能更好地满足实际检测工作的需要.