Species identification and animal authentication in meat products: a review

Meat species identification and animal authentication in meat products is a significant subject, attention to which would contribute to fair-trade, and would enable consumers to make informed choices. Analytical methods are often based on protein or DNA measurements. Methods based on protein fractions include electrophoretic, chromatographic and immunological techniques and are often not suitable for compound food products, nor are they sensitive in processed products to differentiate closely related meat species. Advances in DNA technology have led to the rapid development of alternative approaches to species identification. Recently, application of polymerase chain reaction in food analysis has increased in the light of their simplicity, specificity and sensitivity. This review discusses a wide range of analytical methods with a focus on their ability to quantify meat and authentication of meat products.     

2020年中国辐射固化行业经济运行情况

2020年中国辐射固化产业继续保持快速发展.介绍了 2020年中国辐射固化行业包括单体、低聚物、光引发剂、涂料、油墨和黏合剂等的经济运行情况.     

Radiomics-based machine-learning method to diagnose prostate cancer using mp-MRI: a comparison between conventional and fused models

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine - Multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) has been significantly used for detection, localization and staging of Prostate cancer (PCa). However,...     

Microneedle Technologies for Food and Crop Health: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

The global food supply constantly faces the threats of emerging crop diseases initiated by pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Plant diseases can cause significant economic and production losses in the agriculture industry, and early disease detection significantly mitigates losses. Monitoring the food quality and detecting pathogens during the food supply chain is essential in confirming the food's safety and reducing crop loss. This results in lowering production costs and increasing average yield in the agriculture industry. Considering the significant development of nanotechnology in biomedicine for human health monitoring, diagnostics, and treatment, there is an increasing interest in using nanotechnology in crop production, health, and plant science. This technology can allow continuous monitoring of plant health and on-site diagnostics of plant diseases. While many microneedle-based devices are previously reported for human health monitoring, diagnostics, and treatment, the application of this technology to agriculture started relatively recently. This review investigates the recent development of microneedle technology in food and crop health, where the most state-of-the-art microneedle-based devices are utilized for plant drug delivery, disease monitoring, and diagnosis. Finally, the current challenges and future directions in developing microneedle technology for food and crop health are discussed.     

Polyols and chocolate technology: recent developments and advances

Reducing the sugar level in chocolate and developing low-calorie products are important for meeting consumer expectations, supporting public health and adapting to current consumption trends. However, the identification of bulking agents to be used for this aim is a critical factor. The most commonly used sugar alternatives for this aim are polyols. In this study, recent advances and developments for using possibilities of polyols in chocolate technology were discussed and future perspectives were highlighted. Partially and/or complete replacing of sugar with polyols can provide a low-calorie product. In addition, the use of mixtures consisting of more than one polyol is an approach that can be used in chocolate sugar substitution. Optimization of refining, conching and tempering processes by considering polyol type and content may contribute to the development of chocolate with improved quality properties and shelf life. However, polyol and bioactive compounds interactions and possible effects on bioaccesibility, bioavalibility and stability of these compounds in chocolate composition and pre- and post-digestion periods should be deeply investigated. In addition, the conching methods and conditions used is another factor to be considered in the use of polyols.     

Community detection and service discovery on Social Internet of Things

Due to the increasing growth of objects and problems such as increased traffic, overload, delay in response, and low search volume in the service discovery process in the complex Social Internet of Things (SIoT) environment, we provide an effective mechanism in the service discovery process by grouping objects based on common criteria that help us improve service search performance. In this article, we present a new method for clustering objects so that we can group objects that have common services and can work together. Hence, we create a set of different associations for the type of service and reciprocal cooperation of objects. With its help, instead of a global network search, we can perform service searches locally more efficiently and ensure the accuracy and correctness of searches and their answers. Then, we have provided a new mechanism for the service discovery process. In addition, we categorized communities based on their size to compare our proposed algorithm with other approaches using factors such as modularity in SIoT. Finally, we achieved sufficient efficiency in service discovery (86.81% and 88.28%) and demonstrated better performance of the proposed approach in identifying communities.     

Ballistic Ejection of Microdroplets from Overpacked Interfacial Assemblies

Spontaneous emulsification, resulting from the assembly and accumulation of surfactants at liquid–liquid interfaces, is an interfacial instability where microdroplets are generated and diffusively spread from the interface until complete emulsification. Here, it is shown that an external magnetic field can modulate the assembly of paramagnetic nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs) at liquid–liquid interfaces to trigger an oversaturation in the areal density of the NPSs at the interface, as evidenced by a marked reduction in the interfacial tension, γ, and corroborated with a magnetostatic continuum theory. Despite the significant reduction in γ, the presence of the magnetic field does not cause stable interfaces to become unstable. Upon rapid removal of the field, however, an explosive ejection of a plume of microdroplets from the surface occurs, a dynamical interfacial instability which is termed explosive emulsification. This explosive event rapidly reduces the areal density of the NPSs to its pre-field level, stabilizing the interface. The ability to externally suppress or trigger the explosive emulsification and controlled generation of tens of thousands of microdroplets, uncovers an efficient energy storage and release process, that has potential applications for controlled and directed delivery of chemicals and remotely controlled soft microrobots, taking advantage of the ferromagnetic nature of the microdroplets.