The measurement of shear compliances for oriented polyethylene terephthalate sheet

Two techniques have been used to measure the shear compliances of one-way drawn uniplanar-axially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet, draw ratio 51; a torsional method for all three compliancesS ₄₄,S ₅₅ andS ₆₆, and a recently-developed simple-shear method forS ₄₄ andS ₆₆. The two techniques gave values for the compliances in common which agreed very well. An examination of end effects in torsion has also been made. The determination of the three shear compliances complete the determination of all nine independent compliances for this PET sheet. The overall mechanical anisotropy has been considered in the light of existing structural information, and comparison made with the elastic constants of isotropic PET and a highly oriented PET fibre on the basis of the single-phase aggregate model.     

“Hollow spheres” model of powder densification

Conclusions The application of dynamic pressure to a powder leads, depending on the values of the pressing parameters Re and and of the strengthening parameters m and n, to its densification either to some end porosity or to the nonporous state. With decreasing the end density of a powder attainable during pressing grows. At a constant value of of 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5 the dependence of the end density on the Re number is slight. The strengthening of material increases the end porosity of pressed parts.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 2(206), pp. 24–26, February, 1980.     

High-speed multidimensional convolution

Fast computation algorithms are developed for twodimensional and general multidimensional convolutions. Two basic techniques (overlap-and-add, overlap-and-save) are described in detail. These techniques allow speed and storage requirement tradeoffs and they define a decomposition of the total convolution into partial convolutions that can be easily found by parallel use of fast sequential cyclic convolution algorithms. It is shown that unlike what is the case in one dimension, the ``overlap-and-save' method enjoys a clear advantage over the ``overlap-and-add' method with respect to speed and storage in multidimensional convolution. A specific computational burden is assessed for the case where these methods are used in conjunction with radix-2 fast Fourier transform algorithms.     

Pair-field susceptibility of superconducting Al-Er films

Measurements of the imaginary part of the pair-field susceptibility have been carried out on dirty-limit superconducting Al films doped with Er impurities at temperatures within 20% of the critical temperature T _c. These studies are the first measurements of (, k) as a function of the pair-breaking parameter . Samples exhibiting values of up to 0.1 were studied. At temperatures above T _c the diffusive time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation for order-parameter fluctuations was found to be valid in the presence of pair-breaking, with the Ginzburg-Landau time an increasing function of the pair-breaking, in quantitative agreement with theory. The characteristic frequencies of the transverse and longitudinal modes of the order parameter disequilibrium were determined from the measurements of (, k) below T _c by fitting to a functional form which exhibits the essential features of the most detailed theories, in particular those of Orbach and Entin-Wohlman, Dinter, and Schön and Ambegaokar, The propagating charge-imbalance wave was found to be overdamped for large values of , consistent with the theory of the transverse mode in the presence of finite pair-breaking. The peak in the excess current found near the gap voltage appears to be due to a resonance in the longitudinal mode pair-field susceptibility and not the result of single-particle tunneling as previously suggested by imanek and Hayward. The width of this resonance as derived by Schön and Ambegaokar for the gap regime is equal to the reciprocal of the spin-flip scattering time. The other characteristic feature of the pair-field susceptibility is the peak associated with the longitudinal mode, which occurs at a frequency which is a measure of the relaxation of the amplitude of the order parameter. Dinter's theory, in particular, describes the dependence of the width of this peak on the pair-breaking parameter .Support for this research was initially provided by the Department of Energy and later by the NSF under Grant DMR-8006959. The Office of Naval Research provided He gas used in these experiments.     

Pattern Recognition via Observation Correlations

In some pattern recognition tasks multiple observations of an observation vector Y = {Y1, Y2, ..., YM} are available for each object and the covariances of the Yi are characteristic of the object. With the assistance of a model of the generating process for Y a theoretical basis for the comparison of the covariance matrices is developed. Measurements based on synthetic data support the theory, and an application to some speaker verification is given as an example.